The document discusses the history and components of the central processing unit (CPU). It describes how the CPU originated from concepts developed in the 1940s and evolved from large mainframe computers to smaller microprocessors. The key components of the CPU are the control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory unit. The CPU functions by fetching instructions from memory, decoding and translating them, executing calculations and data movement, and storing results.

1. (Central Processing Unit)

2. Table of Contents :
o Objective
o What is CPU?
o History of Central Processing Unit.
o Components of CPU.
o Function of the CPU.
o Assessment on your understanding.

3. Objective:
To understand more and gives
an idea on how the brain of
computer works, by interpreting
it’s history , component and
functions.
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4. What is CPU?
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is simply the
central processor or the processor where most
calculation takes places.
The Brain of the Computer.
The "fixed-program computers.
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6. CPU started:
In the '40s, mathematicians John Von Neumann, J.
Presper Eckert and John Mauchly came up with the
concept of the stored instruction digital computer.
On 1970’s a component of mainframe computer
known as CPU is a steel cabinet bigger than a
refrigerator full of circuit boards crowded with
transistors.

7. In 1971 the first microprocessor invented. The 4004
microprocessor .
 In 1972 The 8008 was the first of many 8- bit
microprocessors to fuel the home
computer revolution.
In 1979, Intel delivered the 8088 and IBM engineers
used it for the first PC . From 8086.

8. Cache RAM invented by the microprocessor
engineers .
 Cache Grows Up
 Cache Splits Up
CPU made smaller and faster.

9. Components of CPU
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10. Component
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Memory Unit/Register

11. Description
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)- performs simple
arithmetic and logical operations .
CU(Control Unit)-It reads and interprets instructions
from memory and transforms them into a series of
signals to activate other parts of the computer.
MU/Register(Memory Unit)- is the part of the
computer that holds data and instructions for
processing.

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14. Fetch -taking the instruction from the memory.
Decode- translating and decoding Assembly code
binary instructions which are understandable to your
CPU.
Execute- execute calculation, move data and jump to
different address.
Store- CPU dive some data after executing the
instruction and store data being instructed.

16. Central Processing Unit
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17. The First CPU
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19. 4004 Microprocessors
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20. 8008 microprocessors
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21. 8088 8086 IBM
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23. The first microprocessor invented by Intel
Corporation ?
Performs simple arithmetic and logical operations?
• The four major function the CPU?