The document discusses three programming language translators: assemblers translate assembly language into machine code, compilers translate high-level languages into executable object code, and interpreters execute instructions one at a time without producing an executable file. Assemblers convert mnemonics to machine language equivalents and assign addresses, compilers check syntax and generate all code at once, and interpreters check keywords and convert instructions individually to machine code.

2. • Assembler
• Compiler
• Interpreter

3. ASSEMBLER

4. • To convert the assembly language
into machine code.
• Translate mnemonic operation codes
to their machine language
equivalents.
• Assigning machine addresses to
symbolic labels.

5. • The assembler can also process
assembler directives.
• Assembler directives (or pseudo-
instructions) provide instructions to the
assembler itself. They are not translated
into machine instructions
• E.g.
• START (specify name and starting address for
the program).
• END (indicate the end of the source program
and (optionally) specify the first executable
instruction in the program)

6. • Programmer write a program using a
sequence of assemble instructions.
• This sequence of assembler instructions,
known as the source code/source
program, then specified to the assembler
program when that program is started.
• It translates a source code into machine
language.
• The output of the assembler program is
called the object code or object program.

7. COMPILER

8. • A program that changes source code (high-
level language) to object code which that
can be executed by a machine.
• Compiler:
o Checks syntax of program
o Checks at a time all the program
• Primary reason for compiling source code is
to create an executable program
• Examples of compiler based language:
• C, C++, JAVA

9. • Executables: Files that actually do
something by carrying out a set of
instructions.
• E.g., .exe files in Windows
• Once the executable is there, it can be
called by the user to process the given
inputs to a program and produce the desired
outputs.

10. • Some of examples of Compiler:
o Microsoft Visual Studio
o BlueJ
o Quincy 2005
• We use C++ programming language.

11. INTERPRETER

12. • A computer program that executes instructions
written in a programming language and do not
produces the executable file.
• Interpreter:
o Checks the keywords of a program
o Taking one instruction at a time and convert it into machine language
before taking upon the next instruction.
• Examples of interpreter based language:
o PHP, JavaScript, BASIC

14. • We use JavaScript language.
• JavaScript engine is specialized computer
software which interprets and executes JavaScript.
Mostly used in web browsers.

15. • Assembler = To convert the assembly language
into machine code.
• Compiler = A program that changes source code
(high-level language) to object code which that can
be executed by a machine.
• A computer program that executes instructions
written in a programming language and do not
produces the executable file.