The document discusses the tunnel diode. It describes how Leo Esaki invented the tunnel diode in 1958 after discovering that heavily doped semiconductors exhibit negative resistance due to electron tunneling. Esaki received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for this discovery. The tunnel diode operates based on the quantum mechanical principle of tunneling, where electrons can directly flow across the small depletion region. Applications of the tunnel diode include use in oscillators, logic circuits, and memory storage due to properties like fast switching speeds, high-speed operation, and low power consumption. However, tunnel diodes cannot be mass produced and do not provide isolation between input and output.

1. Electronics Device & Circuit
Topic:
Tunnel Diode
Group Members:
Ali Sibtain (BEEF16M006)
Waqas Jabbar (BEEF16M002)

2. History:
 Tunnel diode was invented in 1958 by Leo Esaki
 Leo Esaki observed that if a semiconductor diode is heavily
doped with impurities, it will exhibit negative resistance.
 In 1973 Leo Esaki received the Nobel Prize in physics for
discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes.

3.  Required less Switching speed
 Fast response
 A single device can used for many purposes(like oscillator,
Liogic memory storage device)

7.  (GaSb)
 (GaAs)
 (GeAs)

8.  A tunnel diode is also known as Esaki diode which is
named after Leo Esaki for his work on the tunneling
effect.
 The operation of tunnel diode depends on the
quantum mechanics principle known as Tunneling”.
 In electronics, tunneling means a direct flow of
electrons across the small depletion region from
n-side conduction band into the p-side valence band
electronics.

10. Energy

11. Energy

12. Energy

13. Energy

15.  Long life
 High-speed operation
 Low noise
 Low power consumption

16.  Tunnel diodes cannot be fabricated in large numbers
 Being a two terminal device, the input and output are not
isolated from one another.

17.  Tunnel diodes are used as logic memory storage devices.
 Tunnel diodes are used in relaxation oscillator circuits.
 Tunnel diode is used as an ultra high-speed switch.
 Tunnel diodes are used in FM receivers.