The document summarizes key figures and innovations of the Industrial Revolution: - Jethro Tull developed early farm machinery like the seed drill and horse-drawn hoe. He also experimented with crop rotation and using clover and turnips to replenish soil. - James Hargreaves, Richard Arkwright, and Samuel Crompton invented early textile machines like the spinning jenny, water frame, and spinning mule that automated and increased yarn production. - Henry Cort's puddling process improved iron production. James Watt's steam engine increased factory production speeds. - Innovators like Volta, Faraday, Hertz, Marconi, Bell, Edison,

3. 1. Labor Supply
2. Natural resources
3. Investment capital
4. Entrepreneurs
5. Transportation
6. Markets

4. Jethro Tull
• Mechanical drill
-that made holes
in the soil & dropped
seeds
• Horse-drawn hoe
-broke up &
loosened the soil so
that plants could grew
better

6. • Scientific breeding
programs
• - to produce
cattle w/ more
meat, sheep w/
finer wool, & cows
w/ better milk

8. • English statesman
• Experimented w/
crop rotation
- a practice of
alternating cops in a
field from year to year.
• He also discovered
the use of “Clover”
in restoring the
fertility the soil

9. • He also taught the
farmers to grow
“Turnips” which
could be stored to
feed livestock
during winter.

10. Domestic System or cottage
industry
-
a manufacturing system whereby workers
make
products in their own homes with materials
supplied by entrepreneurs.

11. •Invented
flying shuttle
(1733)
-used in
speed up
weaving cloth

13. • In 1760 he
invented the
“Spinning
Jenny”
contained a
series of
spindles to
speed up

15. • In 1769 he
invented
“water frame”
used water to
run a spinning
machine

16. •He also
invented a
machine in
1785 run by
water called
“Loom”

18. •In 1793 he
invented
“Cotton Gin”
-a machine
can remove
seeds from the
fibers

21. Henry Cort
-devised the
puddling process
-the of used
coal, which was
cheaper & more
plentiful than
charcoal & it can
produced iron 15x
faster than the older

25. In 1769 James Watt
a Scottish engineer
develop a steam
engine to grain
speed in production.

27. Alessandro
Volta
-invented
the1st
electric
battery.
-Italian
Physicist

28. -English
Physicist &
chemist
-produced
electricity by
moving a
magnet through
coil of copper

29. -English
Physicist
-Predicted the
existence of
invisible
electromagnetic
waves.

30. -from Germany
-discovered a
way to send,
receive, &
measure the
electromagnetic
waves.

31. - An American
invented
“Telegraph”
- -messages
spelled in a code
of “dots” &
“dashes” sent by
electricity carried
through wires

32. -invented “Telephone”

33. -an Italian inventor
-sent the 1st
wireless message
his instrument
used the
electromagnetic
or radio waves

34. - Invented “light bulb” &
“phonograph”

36. The pioneered in
the development
of the internal-
combustion
engine. They
produced engines
small enough to
use in early
automobiles.

40. 1. Workers
• Wages are low
• Unsecure employment
• Sick & elderly workers received no pay & fired
• They replace men w/ woman & children, who
were paid lower wages
2. Factory owners did not consider safety:
• Poor lighting
• Dirt
• Noise from machine
• Smoke & fumes

41. 3. Child Labor
• Age of 10 children work at the factory
• Sometimes the child workers beat by
the supervisors to keep them awake &
alert

42. 1. A rapidly expanding population.
2. Factory-made goods were plentiful
& priced within the reach of most
people.
3. The growing cities offered many
varied opportunities for
advancement, and
4. Workers who acquired special
skills & education had hopes of
entering the middle class