The document discusses the history and production of vermouth. It traces vermouth back to ancient times when herb and spice-infused wines were popular in places like the Middle East, Asia, and Europe. It then outlines key developments in vermouth production over time, including the accidental creation of Pineau des Charentes in 1585, the establishment of early commercial vermouth producers in the 1700s-1800s, and changing regulations and tastes that impacted the industry. The document also reviews current trends of craft producers creating new vermouth styles while seeking to emulate classics like Carpano Antica Formula.

2. History

3. History

4. History

5. History

6. History

7. Production
- 1991: EU definition of vermouth, EU 1601/91:
- artemisia must be used
- must be fortified with alcohol
- can only be sweetened with sugar, sucrose or must
- must be 75% made of EU-compliant wine
- Min. ABV 14.5%, max. ABV 22%

8. Production
EU 1601 / 91:
Ingredients & Colouring
- Has to contain artemisia

9. Production
EU 1601 / 91: Sugar

10. Production
EU 1601 / 91: Alcohol
- Composed of at least 75% EU-defined wine
and/or grape must (whose fermentation has
been arrested with alcohol)

11. Production
USA (TTB) Federal Alcohol
Administration Act
“Vermouth is a type of aperitif wine:
- compounded from grape wine,
- having the taste, aroma, and characteristics
generally attributed to vermouth, and shall be so
designated.”
- Min. 7%, max. 24% alcohol

12. Production
EU 1601 / 91:
Ingredients & Colouring
- Has to contain artemisia
- May contain natural or
otherwise flavourings

13. Production
EU 1601 / 91:
Ingredients & Colouring
- Has to contain artemisia
- May contain natural or
otherwise flavourings
- May be coloured
with caramel

14. Production
EU regulations 251/2014:
Location
Vermouth di Torino must:
- Contain artemisia from Piemonte region
- Be produced and bottled in Turin / Piemonte
region.

15. Production
Wine
- Pineau des Charentes (La Quintinye)
–White: Ugni Blanc, Chenin Blanc, Colombard,
Folle Blanche, Muscadelle, Chardonnay,
Sauvignon Blanc,
–Red: Merlot, malbec, Cabernet Franc,
Cabernet Sauvignon
- Picpoul & Clairette (Noilly Prat)

16. Production
Maceration

17. Production
Percolation

18. Production
Distillation

19. Production
Blending

21. A Majestic Terroir
THE CHARENTE REGION

22. A Royal Legacy
A TRIBUTE TO THE EXCELLENCE
This visionary and exceptional botanist, born in Charente, was commissioned by
King Louis XIV to create the famous «Potager du Roy» at the Palace
of Versailles.

23. Rigorously selected for their purity and aromatic properties, 12 plants and spices
make up the palette shared by the range.
Each reference is then completed by a specific selection :
in total 28 plants and spices compose La Quintinye Rouge, 18 make the Blanc and
27 are used in La Quintinye Extra Dry.
OUR CORE
Botanicals
1-
2-
3-
4-
5-
6-
12-
11-
10-
9-
8-
7-
1- Artemisia - or wormwood - The essenti
alingredient in Vermouth, belonging to the
ab-sinthe family. 2- Angelica - Brings an in
itial sweetness which develops towards bitt
er- sweet notes./ 3- Cinnamon – The bar
k has warming and powerful properties./ 4-
Quassia Amara - Known for its intense bitt
erness. / 5- Ginger - Warm flavours that ar
e equallysweet and strong./ 6- Cardamom
- An aromatic plant with lemony fragrances
./ 7- Vine flower - The short-lived and rar
e flower withits subtle and delicate fragranc
e./ 8- Liquorice - A smooth flavo
ur also knownas the "sweet root"./ 9- Iris r
oot - Provides violet aromas and enhances
those of the other plants./ 10- Citrus Aura
ntium - or bitterorange - For its citrus bou
quet of fresh and fruity notes. 11- Nutmeg
– Smooth and acidic flavour.

24. History
In The Beginning...

25. History
- 7,000 BC: Middle East, Asian Eastern Europe, China
- 3,000 BC: Sumerians, Egypt, Israel: herb/spiced wines
- 1,250 BC: China -wormwood wine residue in rice wine
- 600 BC: Hippocratic (et al.) wines: wormwood, retsina
- 200 BC – 200 AD: The Roman Empire. Cicero:
absinthium vinum, wormwood wine

26. History
- 32 AD: Christ on cross offered wormwood-doused
sponge
- 77 AD: Pliny the Elder states that wormwood wine can
(also) be made by sowing wormwood around grape vines.
- 500 AD – 1300 AD: Monks & scientists
- 711 AD – 1492 AD: Arab invasion Europe, Reconquista

27. History
- 1300 AD– 1600 AD: The Renaissance
- 1310 AD: Catalan alchemist Arnaud de Villeneuve
includes wormwood wine recipe in Liber de vinum
- c. 1400 AD: “Wormwood” enters English language

28. - Kingdom of Sardinia 1324 – 1460
- Duchy of Savoy, 1416 - 1861

29. History
- 1555 AD: I Secreti del reverend donno Allesio
Piemontese published, written by Jeronimo Ruscelli,
a.k.a. Alessio di Piemonte.
- 1562 AD: Capital of the Duchy of Savoy becomes Turin.

30. History
- 1585 AD: (Accidental) creation of Pineau des Charentes
- 1598 AD – 1602 AD: Birth of East India Company &
VOC (Dutch East India Company)
- 1659: Pepys mentions purl (wormwood wine)

31. History
- 1757 AD: Carl Stefano & Giovanni Giacomo Cinzano
become distillers in Pecetto, Italy, but not yet vermouth
makers.
- 1786: Antonio Benedetto Carpano creates first
commercial vermouth, but it cannot be sold outside the
limits of Turin. Named wermut as tribute to Duchy of
Savoy's links to Germany.
- 1806: ‘Vermouth’ enters English language.
- 1813: Noilly (Prat) French (dry) Vermouth created by
Joseph Noilly in Lyon.

32. History
- 1821: Joseph Chavasse (Dolin’s father-in-law), an
absinthe distiller, creates Vermouth de Chambéry, after
visiting Turin.
(-1830: Chavasse moves to Chambéry)
(-1843: Company becomes “Dolin”)

33. History
- 1838: Cora (1835, Italy) pioneers large-scale
commercial production, sends the first vermouths to USA
and South America.
- 1861: Chambéry is now officially in France, and Turin
is in what is now called Italy.
- 1862: How to Mix Drinks, or The Bon-Vivant’s
Companion by Jerry Thomas - none of the cocktail recipes
contained vermouth.

34. History
- c. 1865: Manhattan cocktail created
- 1867: Paris Exposition Universelle of 1867 did not
allow any absinthes to be judged, and highly praised the
potential for vermouths, which were looked to replace
absinthe as a ‘respected’ and healthy aperitif in France.
- 1870s: US demand for vermouths grows via cocktails,
US barmen go to France and England.
- 1879: Martini, Sola & Cia (orig. Distilleria National di
Spirito di Vino, 1840) changes name to Martini & Rossi.

35. History
- 1882: ‘Marguerite Cocktail’ published in Harry
Johnson's Bartender’s Manual calls for French vermouth.
- 1890: Martini & Rossi creates Extra Dry Vermouth,
which is made to compete with French dry vermouth.
Huge impact in USA.
- 1903: European phylloxera ends. Wine glut starts!
- 1910: Martini Bianco launched.

36. History
- 1912: Absinthe banned in USA. Ban does not affect
macerated artemisia absinthium products like vermouth.
- 1915: Absinthe banned in France. Doesn't affect
vermouth. Spirit aperitifs over 16% banned for war effort.
- 1919: Negroni invented in Florence. Probably. (See also:
Americano, Milano-Torino and Torino-Milano)
- 1919: Vogue for vermouth-cassis (Noilly advertising)
- 1920 – 1933: US Prohibition. Grape juice vermouth.
Vermouth smuggled in “perishable flower” crates.

37. History
- 1923: Absinthe banned Germany.
- 1926: Absinthe banned Italy.
- 1932: Vermouth de Chambéry receives AOC in France.
- 1933: US vermouth producers required to pay a triple
tax. Imports flourish.
- Gallo founded: a titan of US vermouth gets underway.
- 1936: Triple tax ends. US producers banned from
using brandy in vermouths: heavy, alcoholic, sweet-wine
vermouth style evolves. 1939: US: imports 1:7.

38. History
- 1938: Vermouth Industries of America founded.
- 1939: WWII stops imports. Domestic vermouth boom.
- 1960: Martini & Rossi ad campaigns culminate in J.
Bond adopting the Martini cocktail.

39. History

40. History
- 1976 – 2000: Dark Ages of non-dry vermouth in US.
- 1991: EU definition of vermouth, EU 1601/91:

41. History
- 1999: First New World vermouth produced – Vya.
- 2001: Carpano Antica Formula launched.
- 2013: La Quintinye Vermouth Royal launched.

42. Vermouth anno 2016
- Many new brands being created
- Everyone wants to emulate Carpano Antica
Formula (c. $24/750ml) but not Martini
($9/750ml).

43. Vermouth anno 2016
- Vermouth drinking declining,
vermouth cocktails rising.
- Low-alcohol cocktails popular.

44. Thank you!
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