The document discusses various aspects of the planning process for organizations, including: 1) Planning involves determining goals and objectives and selecting actions to achieve them considering internal and external factors. Key steps include needs assessment, developing objectives and premises, decision making, implementation, and evaluation. 2) Plans can be functional, long or short term, or single use. Strategic plans provide overall direction. 3) Potential pitfalls include lack of goal definition, not using the plan, and inconsistent decisions. Plans must allow flexibility, encourage creativity, and receive reviews.

1. The Planning Process
Chapter 3

2. Planning:
Is the process of determining the organization’s goals &
objectives and selecting a course of action to accomplish
them within the environment inside and outside the
organization

3. Brainstorming

4. Needs Assessment

5. Needs Assessment Report
-Title Page
-Executive Summary
-Introduction to the Study
-Overview of the methods and procedures
-Results
-Conclusions, implications, and
recommendations

6. Reasons for Planning

7. Help the enterprise
succeed

8. Provides direction and sense of purpose

9. Helps
manager cope
with change

10. Contributes to the performance of other managerial
functions

11. (1) Develop a SWOT
analysis chart

12. (2) Establish objectives

13. (3) Develop premises

14. (4) Decision-making

15. (5) Implement a course of action

16. (6) Evaluate the plan

17. Classification of Plans

18. Functional Plans
-Marketing
-Production
-Personnel
-Financial

19. Period of Time
-Short range
-Long range

20. Frequency
-Standing
-Single-use (Budget, Program, Projects)

21. Strategic Plan

22. Problems or Pitfalls of Planning

23. Top management becomes too involved

24. Failure to define goals

25. Failure to actually
use the plan

26. Top management makes intuitive decisions that conflict
with formal plans

27. Plan lacks flexibility or simplicity

28. Fails to encourage
creativity

29. Top management fails
to review and evaluate
long-range plans

30. Benchmarking
A process used to identify gaps between company A’s
performance and other industry “best practices.”

31. Scheduling
Operations
Fitness
Emergency
Inservice Education
Risk Management
Sales
Marketing
Repair and Maintenance
Human Resources
Fund-raising
Special Events
Manuals for Operations

32. Effective Delegation
State a clear objective
Determine guidelines for the project
State deadline for completion
Grant authority to carry out the project
Decides best means for final report

33. Why Managers Fail to Delegate
-Nobody does it better
-Guilt
-Insecurity
-Lack of trust
-Takes time

34. Building a New Facility
(or making changes to an old one)

35. (1) Research:
-Designers
-Maintenance and operations
-Special Program
-Facilities and their requirements

36. (2) Regional analysis
(3) Site analysis (21
considerations)
(4) Program
(5) Functional analysis
(6) Combined Site, Function & Land Use
(7) Refinement & site plan
(8) Overall plan

37. (9) Construction documents
(10) Bidding
(11) Construction
(12) Review

38. Site Selection Considerations
-Access to the site
-Circulation within
the site
-Parking
-Water Supply
-Sewage disposal
-Electrical services
-Telephone
-Other utilities
-Environmental
concerns
-Easements
-Zoning
-Historical
-Record of former use
-Climate conditions
-Nuisance potentials
-Natural features
-Economic Impact
Study
-Natural barriers
& visibility
-Supporting
demographics
-Security concerns

39. Construction Steps:
-Preconstruction conference
-Construction change orders
-Pre-final inspection
-Prepared punch list
-As-built drawings
-Preparation of operations manual
-Training on how to operate
-Final inspection
-Acceptance as completed project
-Maintenance period
-Bond period
-Bond inspection & final acceptance

40. Schematic Design Phase
The architect prepares:
-the schedule
-the construction budget requirements
-drawings and other documents illustrating scale
-relationships of project components

41. Construction Documents
-Electrical
-Mechanical
-Structural
-Floor Plans
-Landscaping
Specification manual

42. Bidding Process
-Invite bids
-Review
-Award a contract to one
or multiple contractors