2004 presentation about NCAA and Intercollegiate Administration

1. Intercollegiate Sports
Chapter 14

2. NCAA’s Creation
 1905 President Theodore Roosevelt
wanted to regulate football
 Prisoner’s Dilemma
 If all teams played by the rules, then any one
school could benefit at the expense of its
rivals by breaking the rules

3. NCAA’s Original Purpose
 Reduce violence
 Standardize play
 Became a rules enforcer
 Concerned with ethics

4. Organizational Overview
 Voluntary organization
 Over 1,150 member schools
 Pay dues
 Maintain ethical and academic standings
 Comply by the rules
 Controls all major revenue-producing collegiate
events
 Most of the revenues are from conducting
championships
 Not-for-profit organization

5. Conference
 Groups of schools that compete to
determine a conference champion in each
sport
 Revenue sharing within conferences

6. Divisions
 Size of financial base
 Number & type of sports offered
 Focus of the program
 Existence of athletic grants-in-aid

7. Division I
 Must offer football & men’s basketball
 Provide full grants-in-aid based on athletic
ability
 Highly competitive, focus is on national
prominence
 Financed through: student fees, gate
receipts, TV revenues & licensing
revenues

8. Division II
 Offer grants-in-aid based on athletic ability
 Goal of the program is regional
prominence

9. Division III
 Largest division
 Focus is on participation
 No grants-in-aid for athletic ability
 Goal of the program is conference
prominence

10. Function of NCAA
“Board of Directors”
NCAA Council
(46 members)
President/Institution
al Members
Steering
Committees
Committee on
Infractions
NCAA Executive
Committee (14
members)
NCAA Membership
(1,150+)
Annual Meeting
Presidents
Commission
(Advisory
Group)

11. Function of NCAA
“Board of Directors”
NCAA Council
(46 members)
President/Institution
al Members
Steering
Committees
Committee on
Infractions
NCAA Executive
Committee (14
members)
NCAA Membership
(1,150+)
Annual Meeting
Presidents
Commission
(Advisory
Group)
 Members vote on:
 Policies
 Officers
 Committee
assignments
 President’s
Commission:
 Advise the association
on selected issues

12. Function of NCAA
“Board of Directors”
NCAA Council
(46 members)
President/Institution
al Members
Steering
Committees
Committee on
Infractions
NCAA Executive
Committee (14
members)
NCAA Membership
(1,150+)
Annual Meeting
Presidents
Commission
(Advisory
Group)
 NCAA Council
 Board of Directors
 Interpret the
constitution and
bylaws
 Arbiter of last resort on
enforcement actions
 Steering Committees
 Consider matters
within each division

13. Function of NCAA
“Board of Directors”
NCAA Council
(46 members)
President/Institution
al Members
Steering
Committees
Committee on
Infractions
NCAA Executive
Committee (14
members)
NCAA Membership
(1,150+)
Annual Meeting
Presidents
Commission
(Advisory
Group)
 Executive Committee
 Headed by the NCAA
President
 14 members
 Handle financial
matters
 Oversee
championships

14. Function of NCAA
“Board of Directors”
NCAA Council
(46 members)
President/Institution
al Members
Steering
Committees
Committee on
Infractions
NCAA Executive
Committee (14
members)
NCAA Membership
(1,150+)
Annual Meeting
Presidents
Commission
(Advisory
Group)
 Infractions Committee
 6 members
 Investigate possible
violations
 Determine penalties

15. Investigation Process
 Allegations are made by
another school or
evidence that strongly
suggest problems
 Investigative staff
searches for evidence
and takes depositions
 If investigation turns up
questionable practices, a
more detailed
investigation follows
 Institution is notified
 Infraction committee
reviews evidence,
questions
institutions/players, and
issues findings or
sanctions
 Institutions may make an
appeal to NCAA Council

16. Critical Aspects
 NCAA staff is not large enough to monitor
member schools
 NCAA acts on information given by
coaches and competitor schools
 NCAA may start an investigation on
probabilistic evidence

17. NCAA Manual
 Recruiting
 Eligibility
 Enforcement

18. Recruiting
 “A member of an institutional athletic staff
or a representative of its athletic interest
shall not recruit a prospect except as
permitted by this association”
 NCAA Bylaw

19. Recruiting (cont.)
 Contact with prospective athletes
 Publicity of potential recruits
 Personnel who may scout
 Tryouts
 Transportation for visitation
 Number of contacts with a recruit
 Behavior at sport camps/clinics

20. New Rules for D-I
 Must use commercial aircraft & not upgrade from
coach to first-class
 Recruits and host sign agreements not to
engage in inappropriate activities during visits
 Colleges cannot use “special vehicles” for
recruits
 Modified with TVs, special decor
 Recruits must stay in standard hotel rooms and
receive standard meals

21. New Rules (cont.)
 No personalized jerseys or simulating game-
day experiences
 Announcing a player’s name or showing a
fake highlight film on the stadium or arena
scoreboard.
 Host to recruits must also host non-athletes
 Coaches, administrators, recruits, and host
are subject to the NCAA’s unethical conduct
rules if recruits drink, use drugs, or otherwise
behave inappropriately during visits.

22. University Representative
 “An individual who is known (or should
have been known) by members at the
institution to have promoted or financially
contributed to athletics at the university, or
has been asked to recruit or assist a
prospective student athlete”
 NCAA Bylaw

23. University Representative
 Once an individual is identified as a rep,
the person retains that identity indefinitely

24. University Representative
 No arrangement of employment of
relatives
 No gifts of clothing or equipment
 Cannot co-sign loans
 No gifts of cash or merchandise
 Cannot grant free or reduced rate housing

25. Eligibility
 “The student athlete shall complete his/her
season of participation within 5 calendar
years from beginning of the semester the
student is first registered”
 Must also complete 12 semester hours of
academic course work

26. Freshman Eligibility
 Sliding GPA scale & test scores
 Must pass 14 core H.S. courses

27. College Eligibility
 New standards require:
 Pass 40% of degree courses before 3rd year
 Pass 60% of degree courses before 4th year
 Pass 80% of degree courses before 5th year

28. Enforcement
 Administrators & coaches must provide full
& complete disclosure
 Burden of proof is on the accused
 4-year statute of limitation on allegations

29. College Recruiting Violations
 The bottom line in Division I is winning
 Make $$$
 Attractive to TV & Media
 Increases school’s notoriety
 Help coaches keep their jobs
 Attract higher quality athletes

30. NCAA Structure Flaws
 Focus on outputs rather than inputs
 Break-even teams that attract quality athletes
and produce winning records will cause rivals
to infer illegal practices
 Rivals will initiate an investigation
 Rules work in favor of programs with long
histories of winning/losing

31. NCAA Athletic Services
 Education/Training: Advance Degree, 2/3
have law degree
 Assist member institutions with
interpretations of rules & regulations
 Investigate/enforce compliance
procedures with member institutions

32. Athletic Director
 Focus is provide student-athletes with
facilities & opportunities to compete at the
highest level of their ability
 Raise money from alumni
 Insure athletes are making satisfactory
academic progress
 Keep the program within NCAA
regulations

33. Associate/Assistant Athletic
Director
 Oversee specifics for:
 Marketing
 Sports Information/Public Relations
 University Relations
 Operations/Facilities
 Fund Raising

34. Booster Club Coordinator
 Boosters: Groups of alumni who support
the athletic department financially
 Coordinator work with alumni on a day-to-
day basis for fundraising
 Makes sure that everyone knows and
follows the rules

35. Enforcement/Compliance
 Make sure the athletic department is
operating within the rules of the NCAA, the
conference & college

36. Equipment Manager
 Responsible for buying, maintaining &
keeping track of all the equipment used by
the athletes

37. Sports Information Director (SID)
 Must be an expert in media relations,
publishing & personnel management
 Arrange interviews
 Responsible for printed materials

38. Senior Woman Administrator
 Top executive female administrator
 Often just a title

39. Tickets
 Backbone for Division I athletic
department
 Coordinate ticket plans