The document provides an overview of different types of sports tournaments, including knockout, league, and combination formats, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. It discusses methods for drawing fixtures and the importance of tournaments in enhancing sports skills, team selection, and fostering social qualities. Additionally, it outlines rules for seeding and determining winners in various tournament structures.

2. SLIDE CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION TO THE
TOURNAMENT.
• TYPES OF TOURNAMENTS.
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF KNOCKOUT TOURNAMENT.
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF LEAUGE TOURNAMENT.
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF COMBINATION TOURNAMENT.
• HOW TO DRAW FIXTURES IN
DIFFERENT FORMAT.
PRESENTED BY:-
HIMANI MEHRA
hmehra008@gmail.com

4. Tournament ……… continues
• Tournaments are
organized at various
levels.
• It provide recreation to
the spectators which
also help them to release
stress and tension.
• Tournament helps in
harmonious
development of
participants.
• There are a few methods
to decide which type of
format is to be used for
the tournament.
• It completely depends
on the number of
participant,budget,availa
bility of
resources,availibity of
days, officials
availibilty,etc.

5. 1.DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS SKILLS: through participating in
tournaments one improves its technical as well as tactical skills. Its
improves efficiency and enhance decision making.
2.SELECTION OF PLAYERS: For the selection of teams for higher
level tournaments are important, from where god performers are selected.
3. DEVELOP NATIONALAND INTERNATIONAL
INTREGRATION: Through tournament player develop social skills as
well as develop international unity and brotherhood. It can be said that it
is the best way to enhance world peace.
4.DEVELOP SOCIAL QUALITIES: Sports tournaments are helpful in
developing social qualities, brotherhood, cultural exchange also
discipline.
5.PROPAGANDA OD SPORTS: tournament plays an important role as
it publicizing the sports also through this a player gets a name and fame.
6. ENTERTAINMENT SOURCE: tournament is a source of
entertainment and recreation , which provide satisfaction to the spectator

6. KNOCKOUT TOURNAMENT
LEAGUE OR ROUND ROBIN
TOURNAMENT
COMBINATION
TOURNAMENT
CHALLENGE TOURNAMENT

7. Mostly tournaments are organized on this formant, this is a type where
one team once defeated ,automatically gets eliminated from the
tournament and wont be able to play again in entire tournament.
It means there is no second chance .
Lets say there are 4 teams
Team A
Team B
Team C
Team D
So there fixture for the
tournaments will
like………..
Team A
Team B
Team C
Team D
By HIMANI MEHRA

8. ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:
•Knockout tournaments are
less expensive.
•Helpful in enhances
standards of sports.
•Owing less number of
matches.
•Required less time to finish.
•Minimum number of officials
are required.
•Best performer gets the
position on the top.
•There is many chances of good
team to get eliminated at the
beginning .
•Weak team may get chance to
get into finals if pool division is
not appropriate.
•Many a time the finals are
boring and one sided.
•Thus spectators may not have
enough interest in the final
match.

13. KNOCKOUT CUM KNOCKOUT
Here in this type of
tournament teams are divided
into zones and they play
within their zone on knockout
basis. And the winning team
will play later in inter zonal.
ZONAL TOURNAMMENT ON KNOCKOUT
BASIS
ZONE 1-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
TEAM B
ZONE 2-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
After winning in their zone all the
winner of different zones will play in
inter-zonal on same knockout basis.
TEAM C
ZONE 3-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
TEAM A
ZONE 4 -TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
TEAM D
INTER-ZONAL TOURNAMMENT
ON KNOCKOUT BASIS
WE WILL KEEP WINNER OF ALL
THE ZONES:-
ZONE1
ZONE2
ZONE3
ZONE4

14. LEAGUE CUM LEAGUE TOURNAMENT
In this type of tournaments the total number of teams are divided into different
zones .All the teams in their respective zones will play league matches and later the
winner of each zone will play in inter-zonal later on same league basis, this is how
the league cum league tournament is played
Zonal matches on league basis
ZONE 1- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 2- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 4- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 3- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
Inter-Zonal matches on league basis
Here only winner of each zone will play
same on league basis
Winner of zone 1 will be denoted as 1
winner of zone 2 will be denoted as 2
winner of zone 3 will be denoted as 3
winner of zone 4 will be denoted as 4
INTER-ZONAL
1-2
1-3 2-3
1-4 2-4 3-4

15. KNOCKOUT-CUM -LEAGUE TOURNAMENT
Winner of zone 1 will be denoted as 1
winner of zone 2 will be denoted as 2
winner of zone 3 will be denoted as 3
winner of zone 4 will be denoted as 4
ZONE 1-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
ZONE 4-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
ZONE 2-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
ZONE 3-TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
ZONAL TOURNAMMENT ON KNOCKOUT BASIS
INTER-ZONAL TOURNAMMENT ON KNOCKOUT BASIS
Teams here are divided into four zones ,first teams play their matches in their zones
on knockout basis then the winner of the zones will play in interzonal on league
basis.
1-2
1-3 2-3
1-4 2-4 3-4
Winner

16. LEAGUE –CUM – KNOCKOUT TOURNAMENT
ZONAL TOURNAMMENT ON LEAGUE BASIS
INTER-ZONAL TOURNAMMENT ON KNOCKOUT BASIS
Teams here are divided into four zones ,First teams will play their matches in their
zones on league basis then the winner of the zones will play in interzonal on knockout
basis
ZONE 1- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 2- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 3- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
ZONE 4- A--B
A– C B--C
A--D B--D C--D
WE WILL KEEP WINNER OF ALL
THE ZONES:-
ZONE1
ZONE2
ZONE3
ZONE4
winner

17. PROCEDURE FOR DRAWING FIXTURE ON KNOCKOUT FORMAT
1. The total number of teams participating in the tournament.
2. The total number of byes.
3. The total number of team in each half/ quarter.
4. The number of byes given in each half/quarter
5. Total number of rounds
6. The total number of matches.
Essential points for knockout tournament
Method for preparing fixture in knockout tournament
1. Total number of matches is calculated by subtracting 1 from the total number of
teams participating, e.g. N, number of team is 8 then total matches will be,
N-1
8-1=7 Matches. This means there will be only 7 matches in the tournament.
2. Then the teams to be divided in two halves , upper half and lower half
If the total teams is the power of two then its is understood clearly both half will
have equal teams ,also keep in mind the teams are to be kept on lot basis.
the formula for the teams to divide on half is
N/2 if there are even number of teams

18. If the number of teams are in odd number that means not in power to two then the
formula for the division of teams in upper and lower half.
• N+1/2 in upper half and
• N-1/2 in lower half.
Suppose the number of team is 7, then the number of teams in upper half will be
•7+1/2
8/2=4 teams in upper half
•7-1/2
6/2=3 teams
Where’ N’ is the total number of teams
3. Method for fixing byes
The total number of teams in case 11 teams ,after the lots are given and names are
written and after division of teams on halfs,here comes the bye.
• the total number of byes is calculated as
=nearest power of two to the number of teams subtracted to the number of teams.
here number of teams are 11 then number of byes will be
=2⁴-11
=16-11
=5 byes, so there will be 5
byes given in first round,

19. The order of giving bye is as followed
1. First bye is given to the last team of lower half
2. The second bye is given to the first team of upper half.
3. The third bye is given to the first team of lower half.
4. The fourth bye is given to the last team of upper half.
5. Next bye will be given in the same order as described above
For 11 teams where there are 5 byes to be given is fixed as
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
No. of teams in upper and lower half, will be
N+1/2=6 AND N-1/2= 5,RESPECTIVILY
TEAMS
1ST BYE
4TH BYE
3RD BYE
2ND BYE
5TH BYE
1R 2 R 3 R 4 R
1R,2R,3R,4R ARE THE NUMBER
OF ROUNDS

20. 4. Number of rounds
number of rounds can be calculated by power of 2
as here in case of 11 teams we had 2 the power 4 that is 16 so number of
round will b 4
SEEDING
There is possibility in knockout tournament
that strong teams may be paired with weak
teams or all strong teams might have been
grouped in upper or lower half.
In this way a strong team may be eliminated
in preliminary rounds.
This may e a set back to the strong teams. To
avoid such situation seeding is provided.
For the selection of strong teams, the
organizers must be well-aware regarding the
previous performance of teams.
If two teams to be seeded ,then one team is
kept on the top of upper half and second
team is kept in the last of the lower half.
Then the team will play from 2nd round
onwards.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Bye( seeded)
Bye
Bye
Bye( seeded)
bye

21. SPECIAL SEEDING
In special seeding the players participate directly in
quarter final or in semifinals, they need not to wait for
longer duration. We can see this kind of seeding specially
in universities matches where previous year top four
team are provided special seeding and they directly play
from semifinals , as from this the other teams gets the
opportunity to show their talent and reach to the semis,
other wise many teams may get out in the beginning
rounds also not providing special seeding may cause two
good teams to fight among and we may loose the best in
beginning
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Seeded Q.Final
Seeded Q.Final
Seeded Q.Final
Seeded Q.Final
WINNER

22. PROCEDURE FOR THE FIXTURE INLEAGUE TOURNAMENT
WE CAN DRAW FIXTURE IN LEAGUE TOURNAMENT BY
1. CYCLIC METHOD
2. STAIR CASE METHOD
3. TABULAR METHOD
CYCLIC METHOD
Here ,if the number of teams is in even number, the team number 1 is fixed on the top of
right hand side and then other team numbers in ascending order consecutively downward
and then upward on the left side. If the number of teams is in odd number, the bye is fixed
on the top of the right side. The rest of the procedure remains the same.
Teams will rotated in clockwise direction, if the number of teams is in even number the
number of rounds will be (N-1).
If there are even odd number of team the no. of rounds will be same as of no. of teams.
If the number of teams is,N= 6 ,
then total number of matches will be=N(N-1)/2
=6(6-1)/2=

23. If the number of teams is,N= 6 ,
then total number of matches will be=N(N-1)/2
=6(6-1)/2
=15 matches
Number of rounds will be=N-1,=5 Rounds
6 1 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 1
5 2 4 6 3 5 2 4 6 3
4 3 3 2 2 6 6 5 5 4
1 R 4 R2 R 3 R 5 R
If the number of teams is, N= 5
then total number of matches will be=N(N-1)/2
=5(5-1)/2
=10 matches
Number of rounds will be=N
=5 Rounds
2 R1 R
5 Bye 4 bye 3 bye 2 bye 1 bye
4 1 3 5 2 4 1 3 5 2
3 2 2 1 1 5 5 4 4 3
3 R 4 R 5R

24. Drawing fixture on league basis on stair case method
1-2
1-3 2-3
1-4 2-4 3-4
1-5 2-5 3-5 4-5
Method of deciding the winner in league Tournament
If a team gets the maximum points in a tournament, it will be
declared as winner, through following way
Winner of the match 2 points
Loser of the match 0 point
Draw 1 point.
If the points are equal in case of two teams ,then their match
will is held again
But if is remains draw maximum no. of wins will be counted.
If it also remains same again the match will be there, and in
case it again came to draw it will be decided by a toss.