The document discusses the four main body systems involved in nutrition: the digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, and excretory system. It provides details on the organs that make up each system and their functions. The digestive system breaks down food, the respiratory system facilitates gas exchange, the circulatory system transports blood, and the excretory system eliminates waste. It also discusses the nervous system and sensory system, explaining how stimuli are received and transmitted to elicit responses.

3.  We need nutrition in order to keep our bodies working.
There are four human body system that enable us to
carry out the vital function of nutrition:
The digestive system
The respiratory system
The circulatory system
The excretory system

5.  Breaks down the food we eat into smaller
molecules that our body can absorb.
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestines

6.  Absorbs oxygen into the body and release
carbon dioxide:
Lungs
trachea

7.  Transports blood all over the body:
Heart
Blood vessels

8.  Eliminates the waste our body produces:
Kidneys
Bladder

10.  External stimuli
-Are changes that happen in our environment
outside the body
-Our sense organs capture these stimuli and send
a message to the brain
 Internal stimuli
-Are changes that happen inside our body.
-Receptor organs inside our body receive these
stimuli.
-Then, they send a message to the brain

11. Internal stimuli
External stimuli

12. EXTERNAL STIMULI INTERNAL
STIMULI
1. Stimulus-sensation A stimulus is any action or change in our
environment that we can feel
2. Processing The body sends information about the sensation
to the brain
The brain processes this information and decides
the order to send
3. Response The order becomes a response to the stimuli
and as action that tells the body wat to do

13. TYPES OF RESPONSE:
 MOTOR RESPONSES
Happen when the muscles move.
 GLANDULAR RESPONSE
Happen when organs called glands produce a substance

15.  Olfactory receptors are in the nasal cavity next
to the pituitary area.

16.  Taste rectors are on the tongue. They are small
bumps called taste buds.
 Difference between sweet, sour, bitter and salty
flavours

17.  The skin is the main organ of the sense of
touch.
 Touch receptors can detect temperature,
pressure, pain and texture

18.  The eyes are the organ that gives us the sense
of sight.
 Light enters the eyes thought the pupil and lens
and the retina and the optic nerve.
 The retina sends stimuli to the brain through the
optic nerve

19.  The ears are the organ of the sense of hearing.
The outer ear collects sounds.
 This sound passes through the inner ear canal, the
middle ear and the three small bones.
 Then the sounds reach the cochlea and the
auditory nerve.
 The auditory serve sends signals to the brain

21. THE
SENSORY
SYSTEM

22.  Olfactory receptors are in the nasal cavity
next to the pituitary area.

23.  Taste rectors are on the tongue. They are
small bumps called taste buds.
 Difference between sweet, sour, bitter and
salty flavours

24.  The skin is the main organ of the sense of
touch.
 Touch receptors can detect temperature,
pressure, pain and texture

25.  The eyes are the organ that gives us the sense of
sight.
 Light enters the eyes thought the pupil and lens
and the retina and the optic nerve.
 The retina sends stimuli to the brain through the
optic nerve

26.  The ears are the organ of the sense of hearing.
The outer ear collects sounds.
 This sound passes through the inner ear canal,
the middle ear and the three small bones.
 Then the sounds reach the cochlea and the
auditory nerve.
 The auditory serve sends signals to the brain

27.  The nervous system has an important role to
perform in the interaction function.
SENSE ORGANS
They respond to a stimulus and send
impulses along the sensory nerves.
SENSORY NERVES
They carry information from the sense
organs and internal organs to the central
nervoyus system

28.  It receives and interprets information responses
 It is made up of the spinal cord and the brain
SPINAL CORD (The spinal cord produces fast
and automatic responses)
BRAIN (The brain is inside the cranium and it
makes decisions and gives orders)

29.  It central nervous system coordinates the
Information received and sends impulses
Along motor nerves
Involuntary movements
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Voluntary movements
Motor nerves
(It brings a response. This response can
be either a voluntary or an involuntary
responses

31.  *ligaments
Connect bones to each other
 *Muscles
Can stretch and contract. This helps the bones to
move

32.  *Bones
The skeleton is made up of bones and gives
shape to the human body. It protect the internal
organs
 *Tendons
Attach muscles to the bones

33.  JOINTS
Our bones are connected to each other at the joints.
Some joints can move, while other joints can´t move at
all
 *FIXED: Can move. The bones in the cranium are
connected by fixed joints
 *HINGE: a connection of two objects that enables
one of them to move or swing a door.

34.  *BALL AND SOCKET: a joints that can rotate. One
piece is shaped like a ball. This goes inside
another piece which is shaped like a round cup
 *PIVOT: a joint between bones that rotates
around one point
 *GLIDING: a movement that is smooth and easy.
Ball ange socket