The Grammar Translation Method (GTM) was widely used in the United States in the 1890s and focuses on mastering grammar rules and vocabulary through translation and memorization exercises with little emphasis on speaking ability. Classes are taught in the student's native language. Long explanations of grammar are provided and reading difficult texts is begun early while paying little attention to content or pronunciation. The goal is accuracy over fluency in translation exercises.

1. THE GRAMMAR
TRANSLATION METHOD
B
Y
SUTRIYANI

2. BACKGROUND OF THE GRAMMAR
TRANSLATION METHOD
The GTM was widely used in the USA in
1890’s. It was also called the Classical
Method.
Meidenger (1783), who advocated
translation into the target language through
the application of rules of grammar.

3. THE PRINCIPLES OF THE GTM
 Grammar rules
 The primary skills
 Hardly any attention
 The ability to understand the texts
written in the foreign language.

4.  Mastering the grammar of
the foreign language.
 Vocabulary
 The mother tongue
 A paramount

5. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GTM
 Classes are taught in the mother tongue.
 Much vocabulary is taught in the form
of lists of isolated words.
 Long elaborate explanations of the
intricacies of grammar are given.
 Grammar provides the rules for putting
words together.

6.  Reading of difficult classical texts is begun
early.
 Little attention is paid to the content of texts.
 Often the only drills are exercises in
translation disconnected sentences.
 Little no attention is given to pronunciation.
 The focus is on accuracy, and not fluency.

7. METHOD
 Use of mother tongue.
 Vocabulary items are taught in the form of
word lists.
 Elaborate explanations of grammar.
 Focus on the morphology and syntax.
 Reading of difficult texts early in the course.
 Practice focuses on exercises translating
sentences or texts.

8. THE TECHNIQUES IN THE GTM
 Translation of a literary passage
 Reading comprehension questions
 Antonyms/synonyms
 Cognates
 Deductive application of rule
 Fill-in-the-blanks
 Memorization
 Use words in sentences
 Composition.

9. REFERENCES
 Larsen, Diane-freeman. 2000. Techniques
and Principles in Language Teaching: China:
Oxford University.
 Setiyadi, Bambang. 2006. Teaching English
as a Foreign Language: Yogyakarta: Graha
Ilmu.

10. THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
NICE TO MEET YOU . . .