The Cell Structure and its Function (Kayla Tabarina)
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The document discusses the basic structure and function of cells. It notes that cells are the smallest living units that can only be seen with a microscope. Robert Hooke in the mid-1600s first observed cells when looking at a sliver of cork through a microscope and coined the term "cell". All cells have a surrounding membrane, cell contents in thick fluid called protoplasm, structures for cell function called organelles, and a control center with DNA. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic which were the first cells on earth like bacteria and archaea, and eukaryotic cells which have a nucleus bound by a membrane and include fungi, protists, plants and animals. Key cellular organelles are
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Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a microscope to examine cork. Leeuwenhoek later observed living cells in pond water in 1673. In 1838, Schleiden concluded plants are made of cells, and in 1839 Schwann concluded animals are made of cells, laying the foundations for the cell theory. Virchow in 1855 observed cells dividing and proposed all cells come from pre-existing cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells, containing membrane-bound organelles. The cell membrane regulates what enters
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2) All cells share several basic components, including a cell membrane, cytoplasm, genes, and ribosomes. Organisms are either unicellular or multicellular.
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Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a microscope to examine cork. Leeuwenhoek later observed living cells in pond water in 1673. In 1838, Schleiden concluded plants are made of cells, and in 1839 Schwann concluded animals are made of cells, laying the foundations for the cell theory. Virchow in 1855 observed cells dividing and proposed all cells come from pre-existing cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells, containing membrane-bound organelles. The cell membrane regulates what enters
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Movement of Molecules in Cells
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The document provides an overview of cell structure and function. It discusses the key discoveries and principles of cell theory. The main components of cells are then described, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, organelles, and cell walls. Specific organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Golgi apparatus are explained. The processes of passive transport, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis are also summarized.
Basic cell structure
Cells are the basic building blocks of life. They can be single-celled organisms or part of multicellular organisms. Cells are classified based on whether they have a nucleus or not. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells like human and plant cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus controls cell activities and contains DNA. Organelles like the mitochondria and chloroplasts allow cells to perform essential functions like respiration and photosynthesis. Cells reproduce through fission in prokaryotes and mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotes.
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
The document provides information on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It defines prokaryotes as single-celled organisms lacking membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes are defined as having membrane-bound nuclei and organelles. The key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are summarized in a table, noting features such as nuclei, organelles, cell size, and genetic material organization. A timeline of major events in the origin and evolution of life on Earth is also presented.
1.1 cell structure
All living things are made of organized parts, obtain energy from their surroundings, perform chemical reactions, respond to their environment, grow and develop, change with time, and reproduce
All organisms are made of cells
All cells are produced from other cells (all cells arise from pre-existing cells by cell division)
The cell is the most basic unit of life
Cells the basic unit of life (science)
This document discusses cells and their structure and function. It defines a cell as the basic unit of life and describes that cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, organs make up organ systems, and organ systems make up complete organisms. It then lists and defines the key parts of plant and animal cells, including the cell wall, chloroplasts, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, and vacuole. It notes that while plant and animal cells share some similar structures, they also contain different structures suited to their particular functions.
Biology chapter 7
This document provides an overview of cellular structure and function. It discusses how Hooke and Leeuwenhoek were the first to observe cells under microscopes in the 1700s. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life and can only come from preexisting cells. The document then covers prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures, cellular transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, and cellular components such as the plasma membrane and organelles.
Alters1e ppt ch05
- Cells are the smallest living units that make up all living things. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
- Cells can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
- Organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles allow cells to carry out specialized functions and processes like respiration, photosynthesis, protein transport, and waste removal.
Similar to The Cell Structure and its Function (Kayla Tabarina) (20)
fundamentalunitoflifeclassix-220731093151-24fe9dbf (1).pptx
fundamentalunitoflifeclassix-220731093151-24fe9dbf (1).pptx
fundamentalunitoflifeclassix-220731093151-24fe9dbf (1).pptx
fundamentalunitoflifeclassix-220731093151-24fe9dbf (1).pptx
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
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Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
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Handwritten best quality
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Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
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Microbial interaction
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One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
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Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
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II. Syntrophism:
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In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
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ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
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Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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Description:
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From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
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Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart Agriculture
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024. Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
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InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
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100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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The Cell Structure and its Function (Kayla Tabarina)
- 1. The Cell Structure and its Function By:Kayla
- 2. Cells Smallest living unit Seen through the use of microscope
- 3. Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Saw “row of empty boxes” Coined the term cell
- 4. Characteristics of All Cells A surrounding membrane Protoplasm – cell contents in thick fluid Organelles – structures for cell function Control center with DNA
- 5. Cell Types • Prokaryotic • Eukaryotic
- 6. Prokaryotic Cells First cell type on earth Cell type of Bacteria and Archaea
- 7. Eukaryotic Cells Nucleus bound by membrane Include fungi, protists, plant, and animal cells Possess many organelles
- 10. Organelles Cellular machinery Two general kinds Derived from membranes Bacteria-like organelles
- 11. Bacteria-Like Organelles Derived from symbiotic bacteria Ancient association Endosymbiotic theory Evolution of modern cells from cells & symbiotic bacteria
- 12. Plasma Membrane • Contains cell contents • Double layer of phospholipids & proteins
- 13. Phospholipids Polar Hydrophylic head Hydrophobic tail Interacts with water
- 14. Movement Across the Plasma Membrane A few molecules move freely Water, Carbon dioxide, Ammonia, Oxygen Carrier proteins transport some molecules Proteins embedded in lipid bilayer Fluid mosaic model – describes fluid nature of a lipid bilayer with proteins
- 15. Membrane Proteins 1. Channels or transporters – Move molecules in one direction 2. Receptors – Recognize certain chemicals
- 16. Membrane Proteins 3. Glycoproteins – Identify cell type 4. Enzymes – Catalyze production of substances