This presentation covers basics of cell structure and functions of different cell organelles in detail with interactive illustrations. I hope this presentation will be beneficial for instructor's as well as students.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This presentation covers basics of cell structure and functions of different cell organelles in detail with interactive illustrations. I hope this presentation will be beneficial for instructor's as well as students.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
3. Discovery of Cells
Robert Hooke (1665)
Observed sliver of cork
Saw “row of empty boxes”
Coined the term cell
4. Cell theory
(1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden
“ all living things are made of cells”
(1855) Rudolf Virchow
“Omnis cellula e cellula ” all cells arise from pre-
existing cells
5. Principles of Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells
Smallest living unit of structure and
function of all organisms is the cell
All cells arise from preexisting cells
(this principle discarded the idea of
spontaneous generation)
8. Characteristics of All Cells
A surrounding membrane
Protoplasm – cell contents in thick fluid
Organelles – structures for cell function
Control center with DNA
11. Prokaryotic Cells
No membrane bound nucleus
Nucleoid = region of DNA concentration
Organelles not bound by membranes
12. Eukaryotic Cells
Nucleus bound by membrane
Include fungi, protists, plant, and
animal cells
Possess many organelles
Protozoan
13.
14. THE UNIVERSE INSIDE OUR
CELLS
Zoom into your own body to see the
different cells that make up your
heart, brain and bones.
These trillions building block of cells
are communicating with each other
every moment of our lives.
As the house is made by BRICKS.
19. CELL ORGANELLES
The cellular components are called the Cell
Organelles.
These cell organelles are membrane-bound,
present within the cells and are distinct in their
structures and functions.
They coordinate with their functions efficiently
for the normal functioning of the cell.
There are various organelles present within
the cell and are classified into three categories
based on the presence or absence of
membrane.
20. TYPES OF CELL
ORGANELLES
Organelles without membrane: The Cell wall,
Ribosomes, Centrosome and Cytoskeleton are
without membrane-bound cell organelles.
Single membrane-bound organelles: Vacuole,
Lysosome, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic
Reticulum are single membrane-bound organelles
present only in a eukaryotic cell.
Double membrane-bound
organelles: Mitochondria and chloroplast are
double membrane-bound organelles present only
in a eukaryotic cell.
22. Movement Across the Plasma Membrane
A few molecules move freely
Water, Carbon dioxide, Ammonia, Oxygen
Carrier proteins transport some molecules
Proteins embedded in lipid bilayer
Fluid mosaic model – describes fluid nature of a
lipid bilayer with proteins
23.
24. Membrane Proteins
1. Channels or transporters
Move molecules in one direction
2. Receptors
Recognize certain chemicals
26. CELL MEMBRANE FUNCTION
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Endocytosis
(phagocytosis & pinocytosis)
Exocytosis
27. Passive Transport
No energy required
Move due to gradient
differences in concentration, pressure, charge
Move to equalize gradient
High moves toward low
28. Types of Passive Transport
1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Facilitated diffusion
30. Osmosis
Special form of diffusion
Fluid flows from lower solute concentration
Often involves movement of water
Into cell
Out of cell
31. Solution Differences & Cells
solvent + solute = solution
Hypotonic
Solutes in cell more than outside
Outside solvent will flow into cell And
cell will swell
Isotonic
Solutes equal inside & out of cell no
transport
Hypertonic
Solutes greater outside cell
Fluid will flow out and shrink
32.
33. Facilitated Diffusion
Differentially permeable membrane
Channels (are specific) help molecule or
ions enter or leave the cell
Channels usually are transport proteins
(aquaporins facilitate the movement of
water)
No energy is used
34. Process of Facilitated Transport
Protein binds with molecule
Shape of protein changes
Molecule moves across membrane
36. Endocytosis
Movement of large material
Particles
Organisms
Large molecules
Movement is into cells
Types of endocytosis
bulk-phase (nonspecific)
receptor-mediated (specific)
37. Process of Endocytosis
Plasma membrane surrounds material
Edges of membrane meet
Membranes fuse to form vesicle
47. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Helps move substances within cells
Network of interconnected membranes
Two types
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
48. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes attached to surface
Manufacture protiens
Not all ribosomes attached to rough ER
May modify proteins from ribosomes
51. Golgi Apparatus Function
1. Molecules come in vesicles
2. Vesicles fuse with Golgi membrane
3. Molecules may be modified by Golgi
52. Golgi Apparatus Function
(Continued)
4. Molecules pinched-off in separate vesicle
5. Vesicle leaves Golgi apparatus
6. Vesicles may combine with plasma membrane
to secrete contents
53.
54. Lysosomes
Contain digestive enzymes
Functions
Aid in cell renewal
Break down old cell parts
Digests invaders
55. CELL ORGANELLES
1 NUCLEUS
2 GOLGI BODY
3 PLASMA MEMBRANE
4 CYTOPLASM
5 ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
6 MITOCHONDRIA
7 LYSOSOME
8 VACUOLES
9 RIBOSOMES
10 MICROBODIES
(a)PEROXIXOMES
(b)GLYOXYSOME
DISCOVERY
1 ROBERT BROWN(1831)
2 CAMEILLIO GOLGI
3 SCHWANN(1838)
4 STRASBURGER(1882)
5 PORTER(1943)AND NAMED
IN(1953)
6 ALTAMAN(1894)AND
NAMED BY BENDA(1897)
7 de DUVE(1955)
8 SPALLANZONI
9 ROBINSON AND BROWN
(1953) IN PLANT CELL AND
PALADE(1955) IN ANIMAL
CELL
10 RHODIN(1954)
(a)de DUVE(1965)
(b)BRIEDENBACH(1967)