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Teaching Young Learners
Teaching experience
Which age groups have you taught?
Seniors Academy - Macao
Primary 2 - Macao
How is teaching YL different to
teaching adults?
Same Same?
Attention span
Energy levels
Motivation / Reason for learning
Discipline
Peer-Group Pressure
Competitive Spirit
Embarrassment
Attitude to writing
Approach to studying
World knowledge
Meta-Language
Cliques / Attitude to mixing
But there are also many similarities!
Both like variety
Both want respect
Both want praise
Both want a sense of success
Both want to be independent
Both want fun!
Think about your own students
What factors influence their willingness to learn?
Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Factors From Inside your Classroom:
• The teacher’s attitude and expectations
• The classroom itself: displays, furniture, space, temperature, noise, etc
• The tasks / materials
• Likelihood of receiving praise / criticism
Think about your own students
What factors influence their willingness to learn?
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Can you influence these?
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents (home-school link book)
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson (how it influences your lesson)
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson (how it influences your lesson)
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom:
• Parents
• Peers’ attitudes towards English
• Cultural attitude to native speakers of English
• Student’s previous experiences of learning English
• Attitudes towards exams
• The student’s home life
• What the student did before the lesson
• What the student will do after the lesson
• How the student is feeling physically and emotionally
You can influence these!
What are the main problems teachers face
when teaching young learners?
Students find English boring!
blah blah blah blah…..
Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!
- Limit TTT
- Provide opportunities for students to make guesses /
join the dots / guided discovery
- Provide feeling of accomplishment
- Games?
Games
- Games can be either competitive or co-operative
- There should be a clear goal
- There must be a set of rules
- They must involve use of the target language
Mixed abilities
Mixed Abilities
- Cater for those who work at a different pace
• Table groups work on different activities
• Team rather than individual games
• Identify which answer the weak student has correct
• Puzzle Projects; each brings something to class
• Group Work; different roles
Children lose interest quickly
Children lose interest quickly
• Frequent change of interaction
• Move from familiar to unfamiliar
• Plenty of praise
• Short stages
Review
Introduction of
new language
Controlled
practice activity
Review
Linking of new target
with old targets
Review
Free Practice
activity
Consolidation
(e.g., through H/W)
T
S S
T
S
SS
S
S S
Comparatives
Tall Taller
Short Shorter
Big Biger?
Happy Happyer?
Beautiful Beautifuler?
ME ! ME !
Me !
ME !
Me !
Me
!
sad
frustrated
happy
confused
angry
理工-貝爾英語中心
MPI-Bell Centre of EnglishDisplay student work
Teaching Writing
QueenKing
Jim Jean
/I/ /i:/
Jim (/I/ words) Jean (/i:/ words)
swim read
chips meat
fit sleep
Britain Sweden
cat
Spelling
kitten duck scool
or
skool
or
sckool?
Spelling
c k ck ch q
True for you?
True Not True
I’ve got green eyesI’ve got a headacheI’ve got to go
Don’t Know
I’ve got an i-phoneI’ve got a girlfriendI’ve got lots of marking to do!I’ve got a beautiful smile
The Tree Climbing Game
The Tree Climbing Game
Writing Practice
Pronunciation Practice
/ i : / / I /
1
2 2
3333
China Russia USA Korea Macau Japan ThailandUK
/ i : / / I /
Pronunciation Practice
s/ ʒ /
is
ision
vision
television
   
Pronunciation Practice
/ r // t /
The snake is in the grass.
The snake is in the grass.
/sss / ! /sss / !
The snake is in the grass.
Practicing sounds
/s /
Practicing sounds
A or /ǽ /
/ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm.
/ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm.
/ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm.
They’re causing me alarm.
Practicing sounds
/ e /
If you’re strong and you know it,
say “/ ŋ /!”
If you’re strong and you know it,
say “/ ŋ /!”
If you’re strong and you know it,
and you really want to show it…
If you’re strong and you know it,
say “/ ŋ /!”
Practicing sounds
/ŋ /
Vocabulary Games
Bingo
1 2 3
4 65
7 8 9
Tic-Tac-Toe
2
144
5
7
6
9
10
12
133
15
17
18
19
20
22
23
24
25
1 11
16
21
8
The Vocabulary Box
4 in a row
They
He
She
It
You
We
I
sing write talk sit eat play run
Change Places if…
Choose a mode of transportIf + simple pastIf + present continuous
www.mes-english.com
www.bogglesworldesl.com
www.makebeliefscomix.com
http://www.makebeliefscomix.com
“Once upon
a time…..”
A story about a monster
Thanks for listening!

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Teaching young learners may 2013 david q

  • 2. Teaching experience Which age groups have you taught? Seniors Academy - Macao Primary 2 - Macao
  • 3. How is teaching YL different to teaching adults? Same Same?
  • 4. Attention span Energy levels Motivation / Reason for learning Discipline Peer-Group Pressure Competitive Spirit Embarrassment Attitude to writing Approach to studying World knowledge Meta-Language Cliques / Attitude to mixing
  • 5. But there are also many similarities! Both like variety Both want respect Both want praise Both want a sense of success Both want to be independent Both want fun!
  • 6. Think about your own students What factors influence their willingness to learn? Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Factors From Inside your Classroom: • The teacher’s attitude and expectations • The classroom itself: displays, furniture, space, temperature, noise, etc • The tasks / materials • Likelihood of receiving praise / criticism
  • 7. Think about your own students What factors influence their willingness to learn? Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Can you influence these? Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents (home-school link book) • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson (how it influences your lesson) • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson (how it influences your lesson) • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally Motivating Factors From Outside your Classroom: • Parents • Peers’ attitudes towards English • Cultural attitude to native speakers of English • Student’s previous experiences of learning English • Attitudes towards exams • The student’s home life • What the student did before the lesson • What the student will do after the lesson • How the student is feeling physically and emotionally You can influence these!
  • 8. What are the main problems teachers face when teaching young learners?
  • 9. Students find English boring! blah blah blah blah….. Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!Zzzzzzzzz!!
  • 10. - Limit TTT - Provide opportunities for students to make guesses / join the dots / guided discovery - Provide feeling of accomplishment - Games?
  • 11. Games - Games can be either competitive or co-operative - There should be a clear goal - There must be a set of rules - They must involve use of the target language
  • 13. Mixed Abilities - Cater for those who work at a different pace • Table groups work on different activities • Team rather than individual games • Identify which answer the weak student has correct • Puzzle Projects; each brings something to class • Group Work; different roles
  • 15. Children lose interest quickly • Frequent change of interaction • Move from familiar to unfamiliar • Plenty of praise • Short stages Review Introduction of new language Controlled practice activity Review Linking of new target with old targets Review Free Practice activity Consolidation (e.g., through H/W) T S S T S SS S S S Comparatives Tall Taller Short Shorter Big Biger? Happy Happyer? Beautiful Beautifuler?
  • 16. ME ! ME ! Me ! ME ! Me ! Me !
  • 18. 理工-貝爾英語中心 MPI-Bell Centre of EnglishDisplay student work Teaching Writing
  • 19.
  • 21. Jim (/I/ words) Jean (/i:/ words) swim read chips meat fit sleep Britain Sweden
  • 24. True for you? True Not True I’ve got green eyesI’ve got a headacheI’ve got to go Don’t Know I’ve got an i-phoneI’ve got a girlfriendI’ve got lots of marking to do!I’ve got a beautiful smile
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 32. 1 2 2 3333 China Russia USA Korea Macau Japan ThailandUK / i : / / I /
  • 33. Pronunciation Practice s/ ʒ / is ision vision television    
  • 35. The snake is in the grass. The snake is in the grass. /sss / ! /sss / ! The snake is in the grass. Practicing sounds /s /
  • 37. /ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm. /ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm. /ǽ/ - /ǽ/! Ants on my arm. They’re causing me alarm. Practicing sounds
  • 38. / e /
  • 39. If you’re strong and you know it, say “/ ŋ /!” If you’re strong and you know it, say “/ ŋ /!” If you’re strong and you know it, and you really want to show it… If you’re strong and you know it, say “/ ŋ /!” Practicing sounds /ŋ /
  • 41. Bingo
  • 42. 1 2 3 4 65 7 8 9 Tic-Tac-Toe
  • 45. 4 in a row They He She It You We I sing write talk sit eat play run
  • 46. Change Places if… Choose a mode of transportIf + simple pastIf + present continuous
  • 48.
  • 50.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56. A story about a monster

Editor's Notes

  1. YL are still developing cognitively, linguistically, socially, emotionally, and physically. Unlike most adults, YL have no obvious motive for learning English. YL may not have well-developed literacy skills to support their learning of English. YL often learn slowly and forget quickly.
  2. Although teachers have little control over the factors which originate outside the classroom, we can at least try to be aware of them and help the students to overcome any negative factors and benefit from the positive ones. For example, if the student is tired and thirsty, allow him/her to drink water and sit quietly for a while. If there has been a playground argument, show the students that you care about them by finding out what happened and advising them on how to make things better. On the positive side, if a student is obviously happy, again show an interest by asking why and talking about how good it is to feel happy. If students seem very energetic, play a physical game to make good use of that energy.
  3. Danger of games is that they see your input section as boring, and just a necessary prelude to the fun part – the games. Over time, this creates a negative attitude towards learning. Games don’t need to be designated ‘games’, but you can integrate the features of games into your lessons.
  4. Now of course mixed abilities occurs with any age group, but the problem in YL classes is that when some students finish they disturb others
  5. Short attention span. Get discouraged easily.
  6. T reads out statements, one by one.If it’s ‘true for you’, put your hands on your head.If it’s not true for you, cross your arms. Show students gestures for YES, NO, DON’T KNOW.Read out a statement.Students make gesture which is “true for them”.Immediate peer correction!!Can then do in smaller groups, or with students at front.Kinaesthetic and funRelevant and realLanguage “taken off the page”Interaction, cooperationA good quick ‘test’ of vocabBreaks up a long lessonExcellent for YOUNG LEARNERS
  7. Getting young learners to write can be extremely painful.Give them a bear. Students take it in turns to take the bear home and write about what they did with the bear while they had it.They write from the point of view of the bear.They then return the bear and diary to school, and read out to their classmates what they did.Why is this successful?Rewards good students (taking bear home is a prize for working well)Personalises the writingCombines speaking practiceEveryone is doing it (conform)Slightly competitive (each wants to give the bear the best time)