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This document discusses various ocular manifestations of systemic diseases categorized into autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivity reactions, and nutritional disorders. Key points include rheumatoid arthritis can cause episcleritis, scleritis, and corneal perforation; Sjogren's syndrome causes dry eye; SLE can cause keratoconjunctivitis sicca and optic neuritis; vitamin A deficiency results in xerophthalmia with complications like Bitot's spots, corneal ulceration, and scarring. Treatment involves managing the underlying condition as well as vitamin supplementation or artificial tears.
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Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases
This document discusses the ocular manifestations of various systemic diseases. It begins by outlining the eye examination process and then lists 11 categories of systemic diseases that can involve the eyes: 1) Connective tissue diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, 2) Spondyloarthropathies like ankylosing spondylitis, 3) Inflammatory bowel diseases, 4) Multisystem diseases like sarcoidosis and Behcet's, 5) Infectious diseases, 6) Mucocutaneous diseases, 7) Cardiovascular diseases, 8) Endocrine-metabolic diseases like diabetes, 9) Myopathies, 10) Neurologic diseases, and 11) Hematological
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This document discusses the ocular manifestations of various systemic diseases. It begins by outlining the importance of eye exams in diagnosing multisystem disorders. Several sections then review the common ocular signs of different disease categories, including connective tissue diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus), infectious diseases (like tuberculosis and syphilis), endocrine disorders (diabetes and thyroid disease), neurological conditions, hematological issues (leukemia), and more. For each condition, the document lists characteristic ocular findings that may indicate involvement of the eyes and assist in overall diagnosis and management of the systemic illness.
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This document discusses several systemic diseases that can affect the eyes, including:
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Ocular changes are common in various endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus and Graves’ disease.
Awareness of the associations between the ocular manifestations and endocrine disorders is the first step in the diagnosis and management of these complex patients.
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ocular manifestation due systemic disease Hyper tension diabetic mellitus th...
related to the ocular manifestation due to the systemic disease,
hope this will be useful for the learner.
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The eye is a mirror which reflect the health of other systems in the human body.
The human eye, as an organ, can offer critical clues to the diagnosis of various systemic illnesses.
Ocular changes are common in various endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus and Graves’ disease.
Awareness of the associations between the ocular manifestations and endocrine disorders is the first step in the diagnosis and management of these complex patients.
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Various systemic diseases affect the eye and it's functioning. Here we present those common systemic diseases that are responsible to cause effects in the eye.
What are the diseases that affect eye?
Eye is affected by the following diseases:
Systemic Hypertension (Increased blood pressure of the body)
Diabetes Melitus (Increased blood sugar level)
Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus (SLE)
AIDS and other Venereal Diseases like Syphilis
Sickle Cell Anemia,
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Look at the slides.
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New trends in management of uveitis
This is appt presentation done by me and my colleagues zakaria Abul-Nasser and Sara Hassan ( agroup of medical undergarduates , school of Medicine, Ain-shams university , Cairo , Egypt ) ...
This work was presented at the end of our Ophthalmolgy clinical round ..
I Hope every one to get the best out of the presentaion ..Any commentaries are even more appreciated :)
ocular Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in multiple organs. Ocular involvement occurs in 25-60% of sarcoidosis patients and most commonly manifests as chronic anterior uveitis. The document outlines the definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features involving the eyes and other organ systems, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and complications of ocular sarcoidosis. Investigations like lab tests, imaging, and biopsy are used to diagnose sarcoidosis and rule out other differentials when the clinical features are present.
Anterior Uveitis
Anterior uveitis is inflammation of the front part of the eye that can cause eye pain, redness, blurred vision and sensitivity to light. It is often idiopathic but can be associated with trauma or systemic diseases. Diagnosis involves examining the eye for cells and flare in the aqueous humor, keratic precipitates, and other signs of inflammation using a slit lamp. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation and prevent complications through topical corticosteroids and cycloplegics, with systemic steroids for more severe cases.
Anterior uveitis
Dr. TP Chhangte discusses anterior uveitis, including its definition, epidemiology, classification, pathology, clinical features, complications, and differential diagnosis. Some key points:
- Anterior uveitis is inflammation of the iris and anterior part of the ciliary body. Its prevalence has been increasing and it commonly affects people aged 20-50.
- Uveitis can be classified anatomically, clinically, etiologically, and pathologically. The anatomical classification divides uveitis into anterior, intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis based on location of inflammation.
- Clinical features of anterior uveitis include eye pain, redness, photophobia, and decreased vision. On examination
Miscellaneous anterior and posterior uveitis
1. Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis is a chronic non-granulomatous uveitis that is usually unilateral and affects adults in their third to fourth decades of life. Common symptoms include blurry vision, floaters, and a color difference between the eyes.
2. Phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis occurs days to weeks after rupture of the lens capsule and presents as granulomatous anterior uveitis and raised intraocular pressure. Treatment involves removing lens matter and intensive steroid therapy.
3. Acute macular neuroretinopathy presents in the third decade with sudden central vision loss. Signs resolve within 6 to 12 weeks and fluoresce
Review of Uveitis
Uveitis is a general term for intraocular inflammation that does not indicate the specific site or cause of inflammation. It can be caused by autoimmune or infectious processes. Uveitis is a common cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. It is classified based on the site of inflammation - anterior, intermediate, posterior or panuveitis. Developing a differential diagnosis involves considering factors such as acuity of onset, laterality, associated symptoms and response to previous therapies. Common etiologies include idiopathic disease, infections like tuberculosis, and autoimmune diseases like sarcoidosis and Behcet's disease. Treatment involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapies.
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Uveitis is inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye. It can be idiopathic or caused by infection or autoimmune conditions. Anterior uveitis is the most common type, involving the iris and sometimes the ciliary body. Uveitis is classified based on location and course of inflammation. Symptoms vary depending on location but can include eye pain, redness, photophobia, blurred vision, and floaters. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation with corticosteroid eye drops. Complications can include glaucoma, cataracts, and vision loss if not properly treated.
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Uveitis is an inflammatory condition of the uveal tract of the eye. It is classified based on the location of inflammation as anterior, intermediate, posterior, or pan-uveitis. Uveitis can be infectious, associated with systemic diseases, drug-related, or immunologic in origin. Anterior uveitis causes pain, redness, and photophobia, while intermediate uveitis presents with floaters and decreased vision. Posterior uveitis symptoms vary depending on location but can include floaters or impaired central vision. Pan-uveitis results in severe inflammation throughout the eye. Investigations include serology tests, imaging like fluorescein angiography, and biopsy. Treatment involves mydriatics
DISEASES OF CONJUNCTIVA.pptx
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To present gs
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Bacterial corneal ulcer DrBP
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CONJUCTIVA-2.pptx
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3. Xerophthalmia is blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency, ranging from night blindness to corneal ulceration and scarring. It
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Swatantra.pptx
- 1. G.GAYATRI SRI SWATANTRA Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases
- 2. TOPICS OF DISCUSSION Autoimmune diseases Hypersensitivity Nutritional disorders
- 3. AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES Rheumatoid arthritis Sjogrens syndrome SLE Diseases causing uveitis.
- 4. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Chronic systemic autoimmune disease 25% patients develop Ocular manifestations
- 5. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS: EPISCLERITIS SCLERITIS
- 8. SJOGREN’S SYNDROME Primary sjogren’s syndrome Secondary sjogren’s syndrome. OCULAR MANIFESTATION: DRY EYE
- 9. TEAR FILM
- 10. TEAR FILM
- 12. TREATMENT: 1. Artificial tears 2. Topical cyclosporine 3. Mucolytics
- 13. SLE OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, optic neuritis.
- 15. ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS Idiopathic chronic inflammatory arthritis usually involving sacroiliac joint and posterior intervertebral joints . 30%-40% patients develop uveitis. characterised by acute ,recurrent ,non granulomatous type of iridocyclitis.
- 16. REITER’S DISEASE
- 17. REITERS DISEASE Triad of urethritis, arthritis and conjunctivitis With or without iridocyclitis OCULAR FEATURES: 1. acute mucopurulent conjunctivitis with superficial punctate keratitis. 2. acute non granulomatous type of iridicyclitis.
- 18. JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS Chronic inflammatory arthritis involving multiple joints Below 16yrs of age. 50% positive for HLA-DW5 , 75% positive for ANA a/w Anterior uveitis Onset- asymptomatic Eye is white even in presence of severe uveitis. COMPLICATIONS: posterior synechiae, complicated cataract and band shaped keratopathy.
- 19. BEHCETS DISEASE
- 20. BEHCETS DISEASE Idiopathic multisystem disease c/b recurrent, non granulomatous uveitis, aphthous ulcer, genital ulceration, erythema multiforme. OCULAR FEATURES: - uveitis -acute recurrent iridocyclitis a/w hypopyon
- 21. HYPERSENSITIVITY Type 1 hypersensitivity: vernal conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis.
- 22. Type 2 hypersensitivity: Malignant melanoma of choroid. Type 3 hypersensitivity: Recurrent cases of uveitis. Type 4 hypersensitivity: corneal graft rejections, helminthic infestations of retina, fungal infections of choroid and conjunctivitis.
- 23. NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS DEFICIENCY OF VIT A- XEROPHTHALMIA DEFICIENCY OF VIT B1- Corneal anaesthesia, dystrophies, acute retrobulbar neuritis. DEFICIENCY OF VIT B2-Photophobia, burning sensation. DEFICIENCY OF VIT C- delays Wound healing. DEFICIENCY OF VIT D- a/w zonular cataract, papilloedema, increased lacrimation.
- 24. XEROPHTHALMIA Occur either due to dietary deficiency of vit D or its defective absorption from gut. Accompanied by PEM, infections. WHO CLASSIFICATION: XN- NIGHT BLINDNESS X1A- CONJUNCTIVAL XEROSIS X1B- BITOT’S SPOTS X2- CORNEAL XEROSIS X3A and X3B- CORNEAL ULCERATION XS- CORNEAL SCAR XF- XEROPHTHALMIC FUNDUS
- 25. BITOT’S SPOTS
- 26. CORNEAL ULCER
- 27. CORNEAL SCARRING
- 29. TREATMENT: Local ocular therapy Vit A therapy Treatment of underlying conditions.