This document studies the use of coconut fiber as reinforcement in concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete mixes with 0%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5% coconut fiber content by mass. The mixes were tested for workability, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength at various ages. The results showed that adding 2% coconut fiber enhanced the strength and durability of the concrete compared to the control mix without negatively impacting workability. Higher fiber contents of 3.5% and 5% saw reduced workability. In conclusion, a threshold fiber content of 2% coconut fiber provided the most benefit to the long-term performance of the concrete.
Hello readers,
In this presentation, I am sharing Fiber Reinforced Concrete.
The following parameters are discussed in the presentation:
History.
Why Fibers are used?
Type of fibers.
Mechanical properties of FRC.
Factors affecting properties of FRC.
Advantages and Disadvantages of FRC.
Applications of FRC.
1) LCC achieves a 25% reduction in the CO2 footprint of structures and plays a key role in responding to climate change.
2) LCC is stronger, longer lasting, and better looking than traditional concrete.
3) LCC can reduce the embodied CO2 emissions of the average structure by 25%, making it the best available technology for reducing CO2 in construction.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Coconut Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on coconut fiber reinforced concrete. The study aimed to analyze how the strength of coconut fiber concrete varies with different fiber contents and to compare it to conventional concrete. The strengths tested included flexural, compressive, and durability at fiber contents from 1% to 5% of cement weight. Results showed the compressive strength of M20 grade concrete increased at 7 and 28 days with higher fiber contents. Including coconut fibers in concrete enhances its mechanical properties by increasing toughness, flexural strength, energy absorption, and reducing cracking. Factors like fiber content, orientation, aspect ratio, and workability affect the properties of fiber reinforced concrete.
Impact-echo is a non-destructive testing technique that uses stress waves produced by an impact on a material's surface to detect internal flaws. It works by measuring surface displacements from waves reflected by voids to determine depth and size of discontinuities. Common applications are for concrete and masonry to find cracks, delamination, voids, and debonds. Interpretation of impact-echo data involves identifying characteristic frequency peaks associated with distances to flaws. It has the advantages of only needing access to one surface and being able to locate internal flaws, but data interpretation can be difficult for thick or layered materials.
The document describes 7 different tests conducted on cement:
1. Field testing examines the cement's appearance, texture, and behavior when mixed with water.
2. The standard consistency test determines the percentage of water needed to achieve a standardized consistency for cement paste.
3. The fineness test evaluates the particle size distribution of cement, with finer particles offering a greater surface area for hydration.
4. The soundness test ensures cement does not expand after setting, which could indicate excess lime causing unsoundness.
5. The strength test measures the compressive strength of cement mortar mixtures at various ages (3, 7, 28 days).
6. The heat of hydration test examines the heat released
Hello readers,
In this presentation, I am sharing Fiber Reinforced Concrete.
The following parameters are discussed in the presentation:
History.
Why Fibers are used?
Type of fibers.
Mechanical properties of FRC.
Factors affecting properties of FRC.
Advantages and Disadvantages of FRC.
Applications of FRC.
1) LCC achieves a 25% reduction in the CO2 footprint of structures and plays a key role in responding to climate change.
2) LCC is stronger, longer lasting, and better looking than traditional concrete.
3) LCC can reduce the embodied CO2 emissions of the average structure by 25%, making it the best available technology for reducing CO2 in construction.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Coconut Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on coconut fiber reinforced concrete. The study aimed to analyze how the strength of coconut fiber concrete varies with different fiber contents and to compare it to conventional concrete. The strengths tested included flexural, compressive, and durability at fiber contents from 1% to 5% of cement weight. Results showed the compressive strength of M20 grade concrete increased at 7 and 28 days with higher fiber contents. Including coconut fibers in concrete enhances its mechanical properties by increasing toughness, flexural strength, energy absorption, and reducing cracking. Factors like fiber content, orientation, aspect ratio, and workability affect the properties of fiber reinforced concrete.
Impact-echo is a non-destructive testing technique that uses stress waves produced by an impact on a material's surface to detect internal flaws. It works by measuring surface displacements from waves reflected by voids to determine depth and size of discontinuities. Common applications are for concrete and masonry to find cracks, delamination, voids, and debonds. Interpretation of impact-echo data involves identifying characteristic frequency peaks associated with distances to flaws. It has the advantages of only needing access to one surface and being able to locate internal flaws, but data interpretation can be difficult for thick or layered materials.
The document describes 7 different tests conducted on cement:
1. Field testing examines the cement's appearance, texture, and behavior when mixed with water.
2. The standard consistency test determines the percentage of water needed to achieve a standardized consistency for cement paste.
3. The fineness test evaluates the particle size distribution of cement, with finer particles offering a greater surface area for hydration.
4. The soundness test ensures cement does not expand after setting, which could indicate excess lime causing unsoundness.
5. The strength test measures the compressive strength of cement mortar mixtures at various ages (3, 7, 28 days).
6. The heat of hydration test examines the heat released
This test method is used to determine the time of setting of the cement by VICAT
needle apparatus.
The knowledge of the setting time of the cement is always helpful in deciding the time duration
to mix, transport, place and compact the concrete effectively.
We always prefer a larger initial setting time so that we can mix, transport and place the
concrete easily. According to ASTM specifications, the initial setting time shall not be less
than 45 min but in the field we prefer an initial setting time not less than 90 min.
A smaller value of the final setting time is always preferred in order to avoid large expenditures
on the formwork. According to most of the specifications, the final setting time shall not be
greater than 10hrs and shall not be less than (90 + 1.2 x (initial setting time)) min.
This document discusses different types of bricks used in construction. There are four main types classified based on their manufacturing process: ground moulded, table moulded, machine moulded, and pressed bricks. Bricks are further classified according to their intended use, physical properties, and Indian Standards specifications. Various tests are described to evaluate properties like compressive strength, water absorption, efflorescence, dimensional tolerance, hardness, and soundness. Lightweight bricks and brick substitutes using industrial waste materials are also covered.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of coconut fiber in concrete strength. The study used coconut fiber volumes of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% in an M20 concrete mix. Cubes were cast and tested for compressive strength. The results showed that the addition of fibers adversely affected the compressive strength. The methodology, expected outcomes, advantages, and disadvantages of using coconut fiber in concrete are also summarized. Some key references on the topic are provided.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
Mineral admixtures are added to concrete to make it more economical and durable. Common mineral admixtures include pozzolanas such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, and metakaoline. These admixtures improve concrete properties such as workability, permeability, chemical resistance, and strength through pozzolanic reactions. Fly ash is the most widely used pozzolanic material worldwide due to its ability to reduce the environmental pollution caused by coal combustion in thermal power plants. Ground granulated blast furnace slag reduces heat generation during curing and improves permeability and chemical resistance of hardened concrete. Metakaoline and silica fume are highly reactive pozzolanas
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material which increases its structural integrity. This document discusses FRC, including its history, types of fibers used, applications, and mechanical properties. It also provides a case study comparing the effects of straight and hooked steel fibers on properties like workability, strength, and toughness. The study found that hooked fibers had better dispersion and increased flexural strength, toughness, and energy absorption compared to straight fibers. In conclusion, the document provides a detailed overview of FRC and how fiber type and content can influence its mechanical behavior.
This document discusses polymers used for concrete repair. It describes two main types of polymers: those used to modify cementitious systems and thermosetting resin systems like epoxy, polyester, and acrylic. Polymer latexes are used as admixtures in cementitious systems where they improve properties like strength, permeability, and bonding. Resin repair mortars are used for smaller repairs under 12mm and rely on impermeability for steel protection. Epoxy, polyester, and acrylic resins are discussed in more detail regarding their chemical curing processes and appropriate uses in concrete repair.
Presentation (prc I) Consistency , final & initial setting time test ceky007
This document discusses plain and reinforced cement concrete (PRC-I). It defines concrete as a mixture of cement, fine and coarse aggregates. PCC refers to plain cement concrete without reinforcement, while RCC contains reinforcement. Concrete is widely used in construction due to its strength and durability. Common tests on cement include consistency, initial setting time, and final setting time tests. Consistency determines the amount of water needed, while setting times indicate when the cement paste loses workability and gains hardness.
Rice husk ash (RHA) is produced when rice husks are burned in boilers. Approximately 25% of rice husk mass becomes RHA. RHA has a high silica content and fineness similar to or finer than cement. Concrete containing 10-20% RHA as a partial cement substitute has superior performance characteristics compared to normal concrete. RHA is estimated to be produced at 70 million tons annually worldwide and has applications in high performance concrete, insulation, and construction due to its pozzolanic properties.
The document discusses various methods for soil stabilization, including mechanical, physical, chemical, and combined methods. Mechanical stabilization uses compaction to improve soil properties. Physical stabilization blends soils or adds admixtures like cement, lime, or bitumen. Chemical stabilization adds chemicals such as calcium chloride or sodium silicate. The key objectives are reducing voids, filling voids to lower permeability, and increasing bonding between grains. Proper soil selection, additive selection and mixing, compaction, and curing are important to the success of the various soil stabilization methods.
Effect of superplasticizer on performance of concreterk pandey
1. Superplasticizers, also known as high-range water reducers, are admixtures added to concrete to improve workability. They work by neutralizing the surface charge of cement particles and dispersing them, which releases trapped water and reduces viscosity.
2. The main purposes of superplasticizers are to produce highly flowable concrete that can easily fill gaps between reinforcing bars, and to enable the production of high-strength concrete. Key factors that influence superplasticizers are the type used, dosage, timing of addition, and amount of cement.
3. Advantages of superplasticizers include reducing machine wear during concrete placement, improving surface finish, increasing early strength, and reducing cracking. Disadv
Cement is produced through a process involving mixing and crushing raw materials like limestone and clay, burning the materials in a kiln, and grinding the resulting clinker. The main raw materials are limestone, silica, alumina, and iron oxide. The wet process involves grinding materials into a slurry while the dry process uses powdered materials. The slurry or powder is burned at high temperatures to produce clinker, which is then ground into cement powder. Different types of cement include ordinary Portland cement, sulfate resisting cement, and rapid hardening cement. Cement quality is tested through fineness, setting time, and compressive strength tests.
The document discusses concrete construction in cold weather. It defines cold weather as periods when the average daily temperature is below 40°F for more than 3 days. Concrete sets more slowly at lower temperatures, taking approximately twice as long to set at 40°F compared to 70°F. Precautions are needed to prevent freezing of plastic concrete and ensure proper strength gain. Methods include using Type III cement, air entrainment, heated materials and forms left in place longer during curing to insulate concrete from cold temperatures.
Aggregates make up 65-80% of concrete's volume and are inert fillers that float in the cement paste. Their characteristics impact the performance of fresh and hardened concrete. Aggregates are classified based on size, specific gravity, availability, shape, and texture. Proper aggregate grading leads to a dense, strong concrete mixture. The fineness modulus is a number that indicates an aggregate's grading, and the flakiness index measures elongated particles. Well-graded aggregates with low elongation produce high quality concrete.
This document discusses various tests conducted on cement:
1. Field testing checks for lumps, color, texture, and stability when mixed with water.
2. The standard consistency test determines the ideal water-cement ratio for uniform consistency.
3. Fineness, soundness, and strength tests evaluate particle size, potential expansion, and compressive strength. Proper testing ensures cement meets specifications for hydration, strength development, and resistance to damage.
The document provides steps to calculate the material quantities and costs for 1 cubic meter of cement concrete with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 and reinforced concrete beams. It determines that for 10 cubic meters of concrete with a 1:2:4 mix ratio:
- Cement required is 2.2 cubic meters
- Sand required is 4.4 cubic meters
- Coarse aggregate required is 8.8 cubic meters
It also calculates that for 10 cubic meters of reinforced concrete, 0.1 cubic meters or 785 kilograms of steel is required based on a 1% ratio of steel to concrete quantity. Binding wire required is 1.5 kilograms per quintal of steel.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). It provides a brief history of FRC, noting that fibers were initially asbestos but have since been replaced by steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The document defines FRC as concrete containing fibers, water, aggregate, and cement. It discusses the types and benefits of fibers, including improved ductility and crack resistance. The document also examines factors that influence FRC properties such as fiber volume, aspect ratio, orientation. It provides examples of FRC applications and concludes that FRC improves energy absorption and can reduce costs compared to conventional concrete.
This document describes a flow test conducted to measure the workability of concrete. The test involves filling a slump cone with concrete, raising the cone to allow the concrete to spread across a flow table, and dropping the table 15 times. The average diameter of the spread concrete is then measured. The student conducted the test and found the average diameter was 565mm, within the acceptable range of 400-650mm for flowing concrete. The flow test is concluded to be a useful method for measuring the workability of high-slump concrete in both lab and field settings.
The document outlines the objectives and procedures for a laboratory course on civil engineering construction materials testing. The course introduces students to various tests for cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, and compressive strength. It is divided into four groups of experiments. The laboratory manual provides objectives, descriptions, references for each experiment. Students must prepare for scheduled experiments using the manual. Teaching assistants quiz students before experiments to ensure readiness. The goal is to help students gain a foundational understanding of principles and techniques for problem solving in materials testing.
IRJET- Comparative Study on the Strength Parameters of Concrete Made using Na...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the strength properties of concrete made with natural and artificial waste fibers. The study aimed to compare the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, durability, and workability of concrete containing different fiber types at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions. Materials tested included bagasse, banana, coir, glass, and plastic fibers. Results showed that fiber-reinforced concrete had higher strength properties than plain concrete and that strength generally increased with higher fiber content. Glass fiber concrete exhibited the highest strength while coir fiber concrete was the lowest but still stronger than plain concrete.
Strength of Corrugated Roofing Elements Reinforced with CoirIRJET Journal
1) The study evaluated the strength properties of corrugated roofing sheets reinforced with coconut (coir) fibers and fly ash.
2) Samples of corrugated roofing sheets were produced by casting mixtures of cement, sand, water, coir fibers (0.1-0.4% by volume) and fly ash (10-30% cement replacement).
3) The samples were then tested to determine their flexural strength, impact resistance, and water absorption. Test results showed that samples with 0.2% coir fiber and 20% fly ash replacement exhibited the highest flexural and impact strengths.
This test method is used to determine the time of setting of the cement by VICAT
needle apparatus.
The knowledge of the setting time of the cement is always helpful in deciding the time duration
to mix, transport, place and compact the concrete effectively.
We always prefer a larger initial setting time so that we can mix, transport and place the
concrete easily. According to ASTM specifications, the initial setting time shall not be less
than 45 min but in the field we prefer an initial setting time not less than 90 min.
A smaller value of the final setting time is always preferred in order to avoid large expenditures
on the formwork. According to most of the specifications, the final setting time shall not be
greater than 10hrs and shall not be less than (90 + 1.2 x (initial setting time)) min.
This document discusses different types of bricks used in construction. There are four main types classified based on their manufacturing process: ground moulded, table moulded, machine moulded, and pressed bricks. Bricks are further classified according to their intended use, physical properties, and Indian Standards specifications. Various tests are described to evaluate properties like compressive strength, water absorption, efflorescence, dimensional tolerance, hardness, and soundness. Lightweight bricks and brick substitutes using industrial waste materials are also covered.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of coconut fiber in concrete strength. The study used coconut fiber volumes of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% in an M20 concrete mix. Cubes were cast and tested for compressive strength. The results showed that the addition of fibers adversely affected the compressive strength. The methodology, expected outcomes, advantages, and disadvantages of using coconut fiber in concrete are also summarized. Some key references on the topic are provided.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
Mineral admixtures are added to concrete to make it more economical and durable. Common mineral admixtures include pozzolanas such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, and metakaoline. These admixtures improve concrete properties such as workability, permeability, chemical resistance, and strength through pozzolanic reactions. Fly ash is the most widely used pozzolanic material worldwide due to its ability to reduce the environmental pollution caused by coal combustion in thermal power plants. Ground granulated blast furnace slag reduces heat generation during curing and improves permeability and chemical resistance of hardened concrete. Metakaoline and silica fume are highly reactive pozzolanas
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material which increases its structural integrity. This document discusses FRC, including its history, types of fibers used, applications, and mechanical properties. It also provides a case study comparing the effects of straight and hooked steel fibers on properties like workability, strength, and toughness. The study found that hooked fibers had better dispersion and increased flexural strength, toughness, and energy absorption compared to straight fibers. In conclusion, the document provides a detailed overview of FRC and how fiber type and content can influence its mechanical behavior.
This document discusses polymers used for concrete repair. It describes two main types of polymers: those used to modify cementitious systems and thermosetting resin systems like epoxy, polyester, and acrylic. Polymer latexes are used as admixtures in cementitious systems where they improve properties like strength, permeability, and bonding. Resin repair mortars are used for smaller repairs under 12mm and rely on impermeability for steel protection. Epoxy, polyester, and acrylic resins are discussed in more detail regarding their chemical curing processes and appropriate uses in concrete repair.
Presentation (prc I) Consistency , final & initial setting time test ceky007
This document discusses plain and reinforced cement concrete (PRC-I). It defines concrete as a mixture of cement, fine and coarse aggregates. PCC refers to plain cement concrete without reinforcement, while RCC contains reinforcement. Concrete is widely used in construction due to its strength and durability. Common tests on cement include consistency, initial setting time, and final setting time tests. Consistency determines the amount of water needed, while setting times indicate when the cement paste loses workability and gains hardness.
Rice husk ash (RHA) is produced when rice husks are burned in boilers. Approximately 25% of rice husk mass becomes RHA. RHA has a high silica content and fineness similar to or finer than cement. Concrete containing 10-20% RHA as a partial cement substitute has superior performance characteristics compared to normal concrete. RHA is estimated to be produced at 70 million tons annually worldwide and has applications in high performance concrete, insulation, and construction due to its pozzolanic properties.
The document discusses various methods for soil stabilization, including mechanical, physical, chemical, and combined methods. Mechanical stabilization uses compaction to improve soil properties. Physical stabilization blends soils or adds admixtures like cement, lime, or bitumen. Chemical stabilization adds chemicals such as calcium chloride or sodium silicate. The key objectives are reducing voids, filling voids to lower permeability, and increasing bonding between grains. Proper soil selection, additive selection and mixing, compaction, and curing are important to the success of the various soil stabilization methods.
Effect of superplasticizer on performance of concreterk pandey
1. Superplasticizers, also known as high-range water reducers, are admixtures added to concrete to improve workability. They work by neutralizing the surface charge of cement particles and dispersing them, which releases trapped water and reduces viscosity.
2. The main purposes of superplasticizers are to produce highly flowable concrete that can easily fill gaps between reinforcing bars, and to enable the production of high-strength concrete. Key factors that influence superplasticizers are the type used, dosage, timing of addition, and amount of cement.
3. Advantages of superplasticizers include reducing machine wear during concrete placement, improving surface finish, increasing early strength, and reducing cracking. Disadv
Cement is produced through a process involving mixing and crushing raw materials like limestone and clay, burning the materials in a kiln, and grinding the resulting clinker. The main raw materials are limestone, silica, alumina, and iron oxide. The wet process involves grinding materials into a slurry while the dry process uses powdered materials. The slurry or powder is burned at high temperatures to produce clinker, which is then ground into cement powder. Different types of cement include ordinary Portland cement, sulfate resisting cement, and rapid hardening cement. Cement quality is tested through fineness, setting time, and compressive strength tests.
The document discusses concrete construction in cold weather. It defines cold weather as periods when the average daily temperature is below 40°F for more than 3 days. Concrete sets more slowly at lower temperatures, taking approximately twice as long to set at 40°F compared to 70°F. Precautions are needed to prevent freezing of plastic concrete and ensure proper strength gain. Methods include using Type III cement, air entrainment, heated materials and forms left in place longer during curing to insulate concrete from cold temperatures.
Aggregates make up 65-80% of concrete's volume and are inert fillers that float in the cement paste. Their characteristics impact the performance of fresh and hardened concrete. Aggregates are classified based on size, specific gravity, availability, shape, and texture. Proper aggregate grading leads to a dense, strong concrete mixture. The fineness modulus is a number that indicates an aggregate's grading, and the flakiness index measures elongated particles. Well-graded aggregates with low elongation produce high quality concrete.
This document discusses various tests conducted on cement:
1. Field testing checks for lumps, color, texture, and stability when mixed with water.
2. The standard consistency test determines the ideal water-cement ratio for uniform consistency.
3. Fineness, soundness, and strength tests evaluate particle size, potential expansion, and compressive strength. Proper testing ensures cement meets specifications for hydration, strength development, and resistance to damage.
The document provides steps to calculate the material quantities and costs for 1 cubic meter of cement concrete with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 and reinforced concrete beams. It determines that for 10 cubic meters of concrete with a 1:2:4 mix ratio:
- Cement required is 2.2 cubic meters
- Sand required is 4.4 cubic meters
- Coarse aggregate required is 8.8 cubic meters
It also calculates that for 10 cubic meters of reinforced concrete, 0.1 cubic meters or 785 kilograms of steel is required based on a 1% ratio of steel to concrete quantity. Binding wire required is 1.5 kilograms per quintal of steel.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). It provides a brief history of FRC, noting that fibers were initially asbestos but have since been replaced by steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The document defines FRC as concrete containing fibers, water, aggregate, and cement. It discusses the types and benefits of fibers, including improved ductility and crack resistance. The document also examines factors that influence FRC properties such as fiber volume, aspect ratio, orientation. It provides examples of FRC applications and concludes that FRC improves energy absorption and can reduce costs compared to conventional concrete.
This document describes a flow test conducted to measure the workability of concrete. The test involves filling a slump cone with concrete, raising the cone to allow the concrete to spread across a flow table, and dropping the table 15 times. The average diameter of the spread concrete is then measured. The student conducted the test and found the average diameter was 565mm, within the acceptable range of 400-650mm for flowing concrete. The flow test is concluded to be a useful method for measuring the workability of high-slump concrete in both lab and field settings.
The document outlines the objectives and procedures for a laboratory course on civil engineering construction materials testing. The course introduces students to various tests for cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, and compressive strength. It is divided into four groups of experiments. The laboratory manual provides objectives, descriptions, references for each experiment. Students must prepare for scheduled experiments using the manual. Teaching assistants quiz students before experiments to ensure readiness. The goal is to help students gain a foundational understanding of principles and techniques for problem solving in materials testing.
IRJET- Comparative Study on the Strength Parameters of Concrete Made using Na...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the strength properties of concrete made with natural and artificial waste fibers. The study aimed to compare the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, durability, and workability of concrete containing different fiber types at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions. Materials tested included bagasse, banana, coir, glass, and plastic fibers. Results showed that fiber-reinforced concrete had higher strength properties than plain concrete and that strength generally increased with higher fiber content. Glass fiber concrete exhibited the highest strength while coir fiber concrete was the lowest but still stronger than plain concrete.
Strength of Corrugated Roofing Elements Reinforced with CoirIRJET Journal
1) The study evaluated the strength properties of corrugated roofing sheets reinforced with coconut (coir) fibers and fly ash.
2) Samples of corrugated roofing sheets were produced by casting mixtures of cement, sand, water, coir fibers (0.1-0.4% by volume) and fly ash (10-30% cement replacement).
3) The samples were then tested to determine their flexural strength, impact resistance, and water absorption. Test results showed that samples with 0.2% coir fiber and 20% fly ash replacement exhibited the highest flexural and impact strengths.
Durability of Concrete by Adding Basalt FibreIRJET Journal
This study investigated the effect of adding basalt fiber on the durability of concrete. Three concrete mixes were tested: a control mix without fiber (0%), and mixes with 1% and 2% basalt fiber by weight of cement. Tests conducted included water permeability, rapid chloride permeability, and sorptivity. The results showed that the 1% fiber mix performed best in all tests, indicating an optimum dosage for improved durability. Water permeability was lowest at 15mm and chloride permeability was lowest at 2472 coulombs for the 1% mix. Sorptivity was also lowest at 1.67mm for this mix. In conclusion, the addition of 1% basalt fiber improved the concrete's durability by reducing permeability to
IRJET- Experimental Study on Sandwich Panel using Sisal and Basalt FiberIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study on sandwich panels using sisal and basalt fibers. Sandwich panels consist of thin, high-strength skins bonded to a lightweight core. These panels provide high stiffness and strength while being lightweight. In the study, sisal fiber and basalt fiber were added to the cement mortar used to make the skins and core of sandwich panels to reduce weight without compromising strength. Various fiber contents were tested. Sandwich panels of size 1200x200x50mm with sisal fiber skins (2-3%), basalt fiber core (2-3.2%), and sisal fiber skins were produced. Compression, splitting tensile, and flexural tests showed that fiber addition increased panel strength compared
Mechanical Properties of Self Compacting Concrete with Glass FibersIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete with the addition of glass fibers. Mix designs for M30 and M40 grades of self-compacting concrete were developed according to EFNARC guidelines. Glass fibers in amounts of 0%, 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2% by weight of cement were added to the mixes. Tests were performed to determine the fresh and hardened state properties including compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, durability, and load-deflection behavior. The results showed that the addition of glass fibers improved the mechanical properties and durability of the self-compacting concrete. Analytical models were also developed using ABA
TO INVESTIGATE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIESOF CONCRETE USING COCONUTSHELL ASH AN...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the mechanical properties of concrete using coconut shell ash and sugarcane fibre. Testing was conducted on concrete mixtures with varying percentages of coconut shell ash (5-25%) and 3% sugarcane fibre. The mixture with 3% fibre and 15% ash (G3) performed best, with a 32% increase in 28-day compressive strength compared to normal concrete. G3 also showed the highest tensile and flexural strengths at 28 days. Workability decreased as fibre content increased but remained acceptable. In conclusion, the G3 mixture with 3% fibre and 15% ash optimized the mechanical properties of the fibre-reinforced concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation for Strength of Concrete by using Rice HuskIRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the strength of concrete with rice husk as a replacement for fine aggregate. Various percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) of fine aggregate were replaced with rice husk. Testing included compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and permeability. The results showed that compressive strength and flexural strength decreased with higher rice husk replacement levels, while split tensile strength remained relatively constant. Permeability increased as rice husk replacement increased. The workability of the concrete, as measured by slump, also decreased with higher rice husk content.
This document discusses chemically treated coir fiber reinforced concrete. It begins with an abstract that outlines adding coir fiber to concrete to improve tensile and flexural properties in a sustainable way. It then describes the materials and methodology used. Coir fibers were chemically treated using a 1N sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours before being dried and mixed into concrete at ratios of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% by weight of cement. Common tests on the cement, aggregates, and treated fiber concrete mixtures are discussed to evaluate properties like compressive strength.
This document discusses chemically treated coir fiber reinforced concrete. It begins with an abstract that outlines adding coir fiber to concrete to improve tensile and flexural properties in a sustainable way. It then describes the materials and methodology used. Coir fibers were chemically treated using a 1N sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours before being dried and mixed into concrete at ratios of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% by weight of cement. Common tests on the cement, aggregates, and treated fiber concrete mixtures are discussed to evaluate properties like compressive strength.
Strength Characteristics of Coconut Fiber reinforced concreteIRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength properties of coconut fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete cubes and cylinders were produced with 0-5% coconut fiber replacement of cement by weight. Testing found that workability decreased as fiber content increased. Compressive strength was highest with 1-2% fiber content, though all fiber mixes were weaker than plain concrete at 7 days. At 28 days, 1-2% mixes approached plain concrete strength. Split tensile strength followed a similar trend, with 1-2% mixes performing closest to plain concrete at 28 days. The study demonstrated that coconut fiber can improve some mechanical properties of concrete at low replacement ratios.
IRJET - Experimental Investigation and Comparison on Mechanical Properties of...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete columns wrapped with kenaf and basalt fibres. Kenaf fibre is a natural fibre obtained from plants, while basalt fibre is a synthetic fibre produced from molten basalt rock. Columns were cast with steel reinforcement and wrapped in kenaf or basalt fabric after curing. Testing found that columns wrapped with basalt fibre were three times stronger than unwrapped columns, while kenaf fibre wrapping doubled the strength. Both fibres improved the strength and lifespan of reinforced concrete columns compared to unwrapped columns. Basalt fibre provided higher strength than kenaf fibre. Fibre wrapping is an effective and economical technique to strengthen existing concrete structures.
IRJET - 7Effect of Natural Fibre on the Strength Properties of ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effects of adding natural fibers like coir and kenaf to concrete mixtures on the strength properties of the concrete. It describes an experimental study where concrete mixtures were prepared with different volume fractions of coir fiber, kenaf fiber, and hybrid mixtures of both. The results showed that concrete with 0.3% coir fiber content exhibited the highest compressive strength of 38.12 MPa, over 70% greater than the control mixture. Concrete with 0.75% kenaf fiber content showed the best mechanical properties overall. Additionally, a hybrid mixture with 0.45% kenaf and 0.3% coir fibers increased flexural strength by 36%, split tensile strength by 27%,
Experimental investigate on the Influence of Sisal Fiber and Rice Husk Ash on...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the influence of sisal fiber and rice husk ash on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Specifically:
- Cement was partially replaced with 5%, 10%, and 15% rice husk ash. Test results found that 10% replacement increased compressive and split tensile strength the most.
- With rice husk ash fixed at the optimal 10% replacement, sisal fiber was added at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by volume. Test results indicated compressive strength increased with up to 1.5% fiber but decreased with 2% fiber. Split tensile strength generally increased with fiber content.
- The optimal mix was determined to
TO INVESTIGATE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIESOF CONCRETE USING COCONUTSHELL ASH AN...IRJET Journal
The document investigates using coconut shell ash and sugarcane fiber as supplementary cementitious materials to replace cement and fine aggregates in concrete. Sugarcane fiber can improve the tensile and flexural strength of concrete while coconut shell ash improves compressive strength. Testing of concrete cubes with varying replacement percentages found that 3% sugarcane fiber with 15% coconut shell ash increased compressive strength by 32% and tensile and flexural strengths compared to normal concrete. This combination provided the optimum strengths and is a promising eco-friendly concrete material.
IRJET- Probabilistic Study of Compressive Strength of Coir Fiber Reinforced C...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the compressive strength of concrete reinforced with coir fibers. Three key points:
1) Coir fiber reinforced concrete cubes with fiber volume fractions from 0-1.8% were tested and the 1.6% fraction achieved the highest compressive strength of 43.33 MPa on average.
2) Monte Carlo simulation was used to model the compressive strength, determining the mean, standard deviation, and probability ranges for each fiber fraction. The 1.6% fraction achieved the highest mean strength of 43.29 MPa with a range of 38.2-48.8 MPa.
3) Frequency distribution graphs from the simulation showed that the compressive strengths followed
Laboratory Study on using Waste Glass as Filler in Bituminous MixesIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on using waste glass as a filler in bituminous concrete mixes. Bituminous concrete mixes were prepared using three different fillers - cement, lime, and glass powder - at dosages of 4%, 6%, and 8%. Mixes with glass powder displayed similar Marshall and volumetric properties as mixes with conventional fillers. The optimum dosage of glass powder was determined to be 6.2%, at which mixes had higher stability, lower flow values, and density compared to normal mixes. Using glass powder waste as a filler can produce more stable and durable bituminous mixes while providing an environmentally-friendly way to dispose of glass waste from industries.
Partial Replacement of Concrete with Sisal FibreIRJET Journal
This document presents research on partially replacing concrete with sisal fiber. Sisal fiber was added to self-compacting concrete at volumes of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% to improve its mechanical properties. Specimens were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at various ages. The results showed that compressive strength increased up to 1.5% at 28 days with 1% sisal fiber replacement. Tensile strength increased up to 6.35% at 28 days with 1% replacement. Flexural strength increased up to 2.13% at 28 days with 1% replacement. In conclusion, replacing concrete with 1% sisal fiber by volume improved compressive,
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice H...IJSRD
Strong unreinforced pre-cast bond concrete paver blocks is a flexible, tastefully appealing, practical, financially savvy and requires next to zero support if effectively produced and laid. Paver blocks can be utilized for distinctive movement classifications i.e. Non-movement, Light-activity, Medium-traffic, Heavy-traffic and Very heavy traffic. In present study work paver blocks of M-40 grade of concrete of 80mm thickness for medium activity with differing rate of nylon fiber i.e. 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%,0.5% is utilized to enhance the compressive strength is thrown. Subsequent to discovering ideal rate of nylon fiber, the same is utilized as consistent alongside Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash in shifting rate 10%, 20%, 30% is added as bond substitution to analyze the progressions in compressive strength and flexure strength of paver block..
IRJET - Performance and Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Fibre Reinfo...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study evaluating the use of flax fibre in concrete. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and prisms were made with flax fibre added at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight of cement. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength were tested at 7 and 28 days of curing. The test results showed that flax fibre increased the strengths at 0.5-1% fibre content but decreased above 1% fibre content. SEM analysis indicated brittle failure in concrete without fibre but improved bonding between fibre and cement at lower fibre contents. In conclusion, flax fibre reinforced concrete performed best with fibre content below 1%.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RETROFITTED RC BEAMS USING FRPAM Publications
In order to improve the performance of reinforced cement concrete structure (RCC) it is better to repair or upgrade the structure by retrofitting. Retrofitting is one of the best options to make an existing inadequate building safe against future probable earthquake or other environmental forces. Retrofitting is the modification of existing structure to make them more resistance to seismic action, motion of ground and failure of soil due to earthquake or other natural calamities such as tornadoes cyclones and winds with high velocity caused by thunder storm, snow fall, hailstorms, etc. The study investigate the improvements in the structural behaviour of the RC beams retrofitted with various types of FRP such as glass fibres, coir fibres, banana fibres, jute fibres and cotton fibres. The experimental programme includes strengthening and flexural strength test of 18 simply supported RC beams of 500x100x100 mm. The test results showed an increase in ultimate load for the retrofitted beam when compared to normal control beam and corresponding increase in the value of modulus of rupture. The retrofitted beams with glass fibre using epoxy as binder having 47.32% more strength than the control beams. Area under load-deflection curve gives toughness. Toughness value is found to be more in RC beams retrofitted with banana fibre.
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TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.