Steroids are potent drugs used in perinatal medicine to promote lung maturation in preterm infants and treat conditions like chronic lung disease. Antenatal steroids given between 24-34 weeks of gestation reduce the risks of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, and death in preterm infants. Postnatal steroids are used to treat chronic lung disease but have been associated with adverse short and long term effects like gastrointestinal bleeding and cerebral palsy. Steroids are also used to treat conditions like hypotension, hypoglycemia, and surgical conditions such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia in newborns. Further research is still needed to determine the optimal dosage and duration of steroid treatment in