different types of stem cells and its application in which property , types , classifications are included and from the various application here i have added few of them which have latest concern. stem cell technology may play important role in future.

1. Stem cells & their Application
MITAL CHANDEGARA
BIOTECHNOLOGY (III)
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6. Embryonic stem cells
• Present in early stages of
embryonic development
• Pluripotent
• Growing in cell culture is
relatively easy
• Present in blastocyst which gives
rise to the 3 germ layers.

7. Adult stem cells
• Also known as somatic stem cells
• Multipotent
• Present in differentiated tissues & organs of adults & children.
• Tissues are thought to contain ASCs are : skin, bone marrow, brain,
blood vessels, liver, skeletal muscles.
• Use of ASCs in research and therapy is not as controversial as ESCs
because it does not require the destruction of an embryo.

8.  HSCs

9.  MSCs

11. APPLICATIONS:-
In wound healing
In drug delivery
In 3D bioprinting
To cure macular degeneration
To treat diabetes

12. In wound healing
• Patients with various wound type: burns, traumatic injuries & diabetes foot
where delayed healing is scaring reality.
• BM MSCs =chronic wounds
• ASCs = burns & diabetic foot
• Mechanical stress in wound bed (pressure &shear) may induce release of
various cytokines & chemokines which recruit peripheral MSCs to wound site.
• Culturing SCs on nanofibers. ( mimic the native ECM & help in adhesion,
proliferation and differentiation)
• Then it transdifferentiate into endothelial cell. (CCR7- SLC/ CCL21)

13. • MSC posses receptor like CCR7,CCR10,
CXCR6.
• BM MSCs can be source of structural
components of skin: type VII collagen
& XVII collagen. (imp supporting
molecules)

14. Chronic wound
Diabetic foot

15. Drug delivery
• Subsequent studies indicate that MSCs secrete EV (extracellular
vesicle) including microvesicles and exosomes.
• Administration of MSC derived exosomes yielded beneficial effects in
variety of animal model which have liver diseases.
• Ad. of exosome over MSC :- smaller & less complex
• Active drugs deliver through exosome
• eg. Exosome from BM MSC overexpressing miR146b or miR134 can
significantly reduce growth of glioma xenograft in Fischer rat model in
vitro through delivery of these antitumor miRNAs into target tissue.

17. EXOSOME

18. 3D bioprinting
• 3D bioprinting enables the generation of precisely controlled 3D cell
models and tissue constructs.
Bioinks = living cells+ biomaterial (mimic ECM environment).
• Supporting cell adhesion, proliferation & differentiation after printing.
• Biomaterial = collagen, gelatin methacrylol (GelMA), PEG, alginate etc .

20. 3D bioprinter

22. To cure Macular Degeneration
• “Age related Macular Degeneration “ (AMD)
• ESCs & iPSC Retinal pigment endothelial cells (RPE)
• RPE cell layer lining back of eye, it nourished and support other cells
(PR) which use to see colors and images in central field of vision.
• Surgery: patch is rolled into thin tube & then injected into eye.

24.  To treat diabetes
• Diabetes mellitus is disorder produced by insufficient insulin production in
body or cell’s improper response to produced insulin.
ESC Endoderm pancreas progenitor
proliferation segregation EGF signalling
1)endocrine islets
2)exocrine
After differentiation of SCs they are transplanted to the pancreas through
I.V. injections & surgical implantation

25.  Essential of biotechnology : R. C. Sobti
 Guohua Lou, Zhi Chen, Yanning Liu. Mesenchymal stem cell
derived exosome as a new therapeutic strategy for liver
diseases. Experimental & molecular medicine 2017
 D. Sundaramurthi, S. Sethuraman. Electrospun Nanofibers as
Scaffolds for skin tissue engineering. Polimer reviews 2014
 K. Venkateswarlu . Review on Stem cell therapy for Diabetes
 3D Bioprinting : Bioink selection guide
References

26. Thank you