This document provides information about different types of maps and how to represent the Earth. It discusses globes and wall maps, cardinal directions, compasses, relief maps, political maps, road maps, street maps, plans, and their purposes. It also mentions that atlases and the internet are places to find maps, and that maps have scales to relate distances on maps to real-world distances.
This presentation will help our young geographers who are on the verge of understanding geographical skills and how do different maps help them to understand different features of the Earth and the area where they live.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Which planet is it? What can you see?
This is the Earth. The Earth is
our planet. In this picture you
can see continents and oceans,
as well as the moon.
3. An atlas is a
book of maps.
There are many
maps on the
Internet.
How can we represent the Earth?
A globe is the
same shape as
the Earth. It’s a
sphere.
A wall map is flat.
On this map you
can see all the
continents and
oceans.
4. What are the different imaginary lines that
divide the world?
The Earth’s axis
Southern Hemisphere
South Pole Equator
Northern Hemisphere
North Pole
5. A compass has a needle. This needle is a magnet and the red end always
points north. We can use a compass, together with a map, to find our way.
What’s a compass? What are the cardinal
points?
A compass has a face that shows the cardinal points: north (N), east (E), south
(S) and west (W).
6. What types of maps are there?
A relief map shows
high land and low
land. It also shows
rivers.
A political map
shows the borders
of a country and its
different regions.
This is a road map. It
uses different colours
for different types of
roads.
7. Maps are smaller representations of a place, so they have a scale, for
example 1 cm = 100 km. We measure the distance on the map between two
places. Then we can calculate the real distance.
What’s the scale of a map?
8. A street map shows the position of the streets, squares, parks and the most
important buildings and places. Street maps are divided into squares and
have symbols for important places. They also have a scale.
What are street maps?
9. What are plans?
A plan represents a room or a building. It shows the position and size of the
furniture or the rooms. It also has a scale.
10. What have we learnt?
on the Internet on wall maps
We can find maps…
in atlases on globes
11. What have we learnt?
north west
The cardinal points are…
east south
12. What have we learnt?
There are different types of maps…
road mapsstreet mapsrelief maps political maps plans
