Snapping hip syndrome
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There are three main types of snapping hip: external, internal, and intra-articular. External snapping hip is caused by increased tension in the iliotibial band over the greater trochanter with repeated flexion and extension. Internal snapping hip involves snapping of the iliopsoas tendon over the femoral head. Intra-articular snapping hip is caused by labral tears or loose bodies in the hip joint. Conservative treatments include rest, stretching, strengthening, and therapies like cold compression, while operative options involve procedures like Z-plasty of the iliotibial band or arthroscopic surgery to address intra-articular issues.
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website: http://www.am-medicine.com
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Surgical site infections occur when bacteria enter through an incision made during surgery. They are classified as superficial, deep, or organ/space infections. Common causative agents include Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Factors that increase risk include patient health issues like malnutrition or diabetes as well as surgical factors like poor technique, inadequate prophylactic antibiotics, or an unclean operating environment. Diagnosis involves clinical signs plus lab and imaging tests. Treatment consists of antibiotics, wound debridement, and drainage. Prevention strategies focus on proper patient preparation, strict sterile techniques in the operating room, and careful post-operative wound care.
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This document discusses the use of robots in orthopaedic surgery. It describes how robotic systems can improve accuracy of bone cuts and component placement compared to manual surgery. Both autonomous and haptic robotic systems are presented. Applications discussed include unicondylar knee replacement using the Mako robotic arm and spinal pedicle screw placement using the Renaissance system. While robotic surgery may provide benefits like increased accuracy, it also has drawbacks such as high costs and long-term outcomes have not proven superiority over manual techniques.
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Prolapsed intervertebral disc
The intervertebral disc consists of three main components: the cartilage end plates, the nucleus pulposus, and the annulus fibrosus. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is a natural aging process but can be exacerbated by factors like poor nutrition, trauma from sports or injuries, and biomechanical factors related to posture and repetitive microtrauma. The degenerative process typically begins with softening of the nucleus pulposus and weakening of the annulus fibrosus, which can lead to protrusion or extrusion of the nucleus through tears in the annulus. Eventually fibrosis and calcification may occur as the body attempts to repair the degenerated disc.
Pre operative care
The document outlines the steps involved in pre-operative care, which includes conducting a pre-anaesthetic checkup of the patient's medical history and current health status. A series of blood investigations, imaging tests like ECG, ultrasound, and radiological tests are performed. The patient's medication needs and consent for the procedure are also addressed. The pre-operative preparation involves both physical and psychological preparation of the patient by explaining the procedure and potential complications to calm them before surgery.
Plantar fascitis
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This document discusses periarthritis shoulder, also known as frozen shoulder. It is characterized by significant restriction of both active and passive shoulder movements, especially external rotation, due to inflammatory changes and fibrosis in the shoulder joint capsule. It typically affects females aged 40-60 and risk factors include diabetes and thyroid dysfunction. Treatment involves physiotherapy, analgesics, and steroid injections, with manipulation under anesthesia or arthroscopic capsular release considered for cases of more severe symptoms or those that fail to improve after 4-6 months of conservative treatment.
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Snapping hip syndrome
- 3. • Snapping hip is a condition characterized by audible snapping usually seen with flexion and extension of the hip.
- 4. Types of snapping hip • Extra Articular- • External and internal • Intra articular
- 5. External type • MC type • Seen in athletics,soccer players and ballet dancers • Snapping of IT band, Gluteus maximus and TFL over GT
- 8. Etiopathogenesis • Increased tension in already taut IT band with repeated flexion and extension • Increased friction at GT • Trochanteric bursitis and IT band fibrosis • Snapping of IT over GT
- 9. Causes of increased tension in IT band • Flexion and extension of hip • Femoral anteversion and retroversion • Internal tibial torsion • Weakness of hip abductors Post THR-Curved stem Angulation Femoral component placed too far
- 10. Clinical presentation • Snapping sensations a/w discomfort • Examination in RT and Lt lateral decubitus position by applyingpressure to GT.
- 11. Investigations • 1)X-ray • 2)MRI-Thickening of IT band,Gluteus maximus
- 12. Internal Coxa sultans • Snapping of iliopsoas over head of femur,iliopectineus and KT. • Seen in rowers(Strong iliopsoas)
- 14. Etiology • 1) Exostosis of iliopectineal ridge • 2) Exostosis of LT
- 15. Clinical presentation • Snapping a/w discomfort • Examination • Supine position with hip actively flexed and examiner palpates over head of femur
- 16. Investigations • 1)X-ray • 2) MRI-Thickening of iliopsoas
- 17. Intra articular Coxa sultans • Etiology • 1)Labral tears • 2)Loose bodies • 3)Synovial chondromatosis
- 18. Pathogenesis • Loose bodies lodge into foveal area of acetabulum causing snapping
- 19. Clinical presentation • H/o trauma • Pain,snapping.
- 20. Investigations • 1)X-ray • 2)MRI-Labral tears and loose bodies
- 21. Management Conservative Rest Avoidance of activities Stretching and strengthening-Quadriceps strengthening, hamstring strengthening,Hip abductor and adductor strengthening,Gluteus maximus and piriformis strengthening CCT-Cold compression therapy BFST-Blood flow stimulation therapy
- 23. Operative • 1) External-Z plasty of IT band with excision of trochanteric bursa • 2)Internal-Lengthening of iliopsoas tendinous part • 3)Intra articular-Arthroscopic removal of loose bodies,labral tear.
- 24. • Thank you