The document discusses smart cards, including their history, components, types, applications and advantages/disadvantages. Smart cards were invented in 1968 and are credit card sized devices that contain memory and microprocessors. They have two main types - memory only and microprocessor chips. Common applications include banking, retail, mobile phones, electronic payment and healthcare. Smart cards provide benefits such as convenience, security and portability but also have disadvantages like potential fees and liability if lost or stolen.