2. Smart Cards
Benefits of Smart Cards
What’s in a Smart Card?
History of Smart Cards
Types of Smart Cards
Applications of Smart Cards
Uses of Smart Cards
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Smart Cards
3. A small electronic device about size of a credit card that
contains electronic memory and possibly an embedded
Integrated Circuit (IC).
4. Two types of Smart Cards are there:
1. Memory Only Chips.
2. Microprocessor Chips.
5. Invented by Helmut
Grottrup
Jurgen Dethloff
In 1968
Helmut Jurgen
Grottrup Dethloff
6. 1968- German inventors patent combination of plastic
cards with micro chips.
1970- Japan patent different version.
1974- Roland Moreno invents integrated chip card and
patents it in France.
1977- Motorola produces first smart card microchip.
1979- Motorola develops first single chip
microcontroller for bank in France.
1982- ATM cards with smart chips tested and smart
chips placed on telephone cards.
1991- AT&T declared its contact less smart card.
1992- Germany uses smart card for health care.
1996- First university campus deployment of chip
cards.
7. Cost
Reliability
Error correction
Storage capability
Ease of use
Security
8. Identification
Authentication
Data Storage
Portability
Easy to use
9. Improve the convenience and security of any
transaction.
Provide tamper proof storage of user and
account identity.
Provide vital components of system security.
Protect against a full range of security
threat.
10. Typical Configuration: -
256 byte to 4kb RAM
8kb to 32 kb ROM
1kb to 32kb EEPROM
Crypto-coprocessors
(implementing 3DES,RSA etc; in
Hardware) are optional
8-bit to 16-bit CPU. 8051 based
designs are common.
13. Contact Smart Card
Contact area of 1 square centimeter.
It is inserted into a reader then chips makes
contact with electrical connectors.
Contact Smart card Readers
14. Contactless Smart Card
Contactless Smart Card is any pocket sized card
with embedded IC’s
Benefits
Contactless Smart Card Reader
15. Dual-interface Cards
• In this, it is possible to access the same chip using
either contact or contactless interface.
Hybrid Cards
• A hybrid cards having two chips.
16. Cash Card
“An embossed plastic card bearing the name
and account details of a bank ,used with a
personal identification number to obtain
money.”
17. Debit Card
“An electronic card issued by a bank which allows
bank clients access to their account to withdraw
cash or pay for goods and services.”
19. Applications Of Smart Cards
1.Banking & Retail:-
Smart banking cards can be used as credit, direct debit
cards. The microchip on the card and the card readers
use mutual authentication procedures .
2. Mobile Communications:-
Smart Cards are used as
identification device.
20. 3. Electronic Purse:-
Card readers retrieve the amount currently stored, and subtract
the amount for the goods or services being purchased.
4. Payphones:-
The first card technology was used in 1983 in payphones in
France. Its advanced features are like phone banking, on-line
services.
21. 5. Health Care
Smart cards allow the information for a patient's
history to be safely stored .
6. ID Verification
A smart card is a device to store such information
as a user's picture or fingerprints
22. 1. Commercial
Applications
a) Banking/Payment
b) Identification
c) Ticketing
d) Universities Smart
Cards
23. 2. Mobile Telecommunications
a) SIM Cards used on cell phones
b) Over 300,000,000 GSM Phones
with Smart Cards
c) Mobile security, Billing
Information etc
24. 3. Information Technology
a) Secure logon and
authentification of users to
PCs & Networks
b) Encryption of Sensitive Data
25. Some Facts of Smart Cards
The first card was issued in India by Visa in
1981.
The country's first Gold Card was also issued
from Visa in 1986.
The first international credit card was issued
to a restricted number of customers by
Andhra Bank in 1987.
27. Disadvantages: -
1. Fees applied with the use of a card
2. It gives liability issues if stolen or lost
3. The accuracy of information is small
4. Lack of technology to support users
5. It is potential for too much data on one card if lost or
stolen
Memory Cards: These cards just store data and have no data processing capabilities. Often made with I2C or serial flash semiconductors, these cards were traditionally the lowest cost per bit for user memory. This has now changed with the larger quantities of processors being built for the GSM market. This has dramatically cut into the advantage of these types of devices. They should be regarded as floppy disks of varying sizes without the lock mechanism. These cards cannot identify themselves to the reader, so your host system has to know what type of card is being inserted into a reader. These cards are easily duplicated and cannot be tracked by on-card identifiers. Microporcessor Cards: Generally referred as chip crds.it offer greater memory storage and security of data.The microprocessor card can add,delete and manipulate information on the cards.
The benefits of smart cards are directly related to the volume of information and applications that are programmed for use on a card. A single contact/contactless smart card can be programmed with multiple banking credentials, medical entitlement, driver’s license/public transport entitlement, loyalty programs and club memberships to name just a few. Multi-factor and proximity authentication can and has been embedded into smart cards to increase the security of all services on the card. For example, a smart card can be programmed to only allow a contactless transaction if it is also within range of another device like a uniquely paired mobile phone. This can significantly increase the security of the smart card. Governments gain a significant enhancement to the provision of publicly funded services through the increased security offered by smart cards. These savings are passed onto society through a reduction in the necessary funding or enhanced public services.
Card Material Smart cards are made up of as many as six layers of plastic material laminated together. Common choices for the primary materials are polyester, PVC and polycarbonate. Large sheets of the materials that make up the various layers are printed with any markings, then combined with each other in a press. The sheets are then stamped into card "blanks" with a die. After this the chip is embedded into the card. The card appears to the user as a single, simple rectangle of plastic, but in reality it can take as many as 30 distinct steps to create it.
This lets you get cash from cash machines by using a PIN (personal identity number). Your PIN should be kept secret; if you lose it or it is stolen, inform your bank immediately. If someone else withdraws cash with your card and PIN before you report it, you may have to pay for any amount that they took out. Keeping your card separate from your PIN reduces the risk of someone else being able to use it.
Debit cards, also known as check cards look like credit cards or ATM cards (automated teller machine card). It operates like cash or a personal check. Debit cards are different from credit cards. Credit card is a way to "pay later," whereas debit card is a way to "pay now." When you use it, the amount of your purchase is "debited to" (taken from) your account, usually two or three days later. Your bank statement will often show which supplier you bought the goods from.
Control Access Cards: It is a plastic card used to gain control access or enter restricted areas. Usually associated with magnetic or chip card and proximity cards with or without photo. When you use Zebra card printers to create your ID cards, authorized users can access your security system right away.
