SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
1. Studying the performance of this type of centrifugal pump
2. Calculating the theoretical efficiency of centrifugal pump and
compare with experimental efficiency of centrifugal pump
The aim of this experiment is to measurement linear thermal along z direction conductivity and to investigate and verify Fourier’s Law for linear heat conduction along z direction and we proved that K is inversely proportional with ΔT, and we have many errors in our experiment that made the result not clear.
SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
1. Studying the performance of this type of centrifugal pump
2. Calculating the theoretical efficiency of centrifugal pump and
compare with experimental efficiency of centrifugal pump
The aim of this experiment is to measurement linear thermal along z direction conductivity and to investigate and verify Fourier’s Law for linear heat conduction along z direction and we proved that K is inversely proportional with ΔT, and we have many errors in our experiment that made the result not clear.
Recognize numerous types of heat exchangers, and classify them.
Develop an awareness of fouling on surfaces, and determine the overall heat transfer coefficient for a heat exchanger.
Perform a general energy analysis on heat exchangers.
Obtain a relation for the logarithmic mean temperature difference for use in the LMTD method, and modify it for different types of heat exchangers using the correction factor.
Develop relations for effectiveness, and analyze heat exchangers when outlet temperatures are not known using the effectiveness-NTU method.
Know the primary considerations in the selection of heat exchangers.
Recognize numerous types of heat exchangers, and classify them.
Develop an awareness of fouling on surfaces, and determine the overall heat transfer coefficient for a heat exchanger.
Perform a general energy analysis on heat exchangers.
Obtain a relation for the logarithmic mean temperature difference for use in the LMTD method, and modify it for different types of heat exchangers using the correction factor.
Develop relations for effectiveness, and analyze heat exchangers when outlet temperatures are not known using the effectiveness-NTU method.
Know the primary considerations in the selection of heat exchangers.
an experiment on a co2 air conditioning system with copper heat exchangersINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
This paper presented an experiment on a CO2 air conditioning system with copper heat exchangers. In this study, the compressor and cooler were tested with hydraulic method to determine the deformed and torn temperatures. The results show that conventional compressor is not suitable for using high pressure, due to the COP of cycle is very low (0.5 only). With CO2 compressor, the cycle can be achieved COP of 3.07 at the evaporative temperature of 10C. This value equals with COP of commercial air conditioning system presently.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.
Separating and throttling calorimeter for steam
1. Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
Separating and throttling calorimeter for Steam
Saif Al-din Ali –A-
Department of Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
Abstract – In present study the Separating & Throttling Calorimeter set up is developed on Thermal x diesel fired
water tube Boiler (Three pass Reverse Flue coil type steam generator) in Thermal Power Laboratory and
experimentation is carried out to determine the quality of steam (The percentage by weight of steam in a mixture of
steam and water) passing through the steam main. The limitation of our experimentation is the wet steam. The
calorimeter results are not applicable to dry and superheated steam. The analytical analysis is also carried out using
steam table. The effect of parameters like steam temperature, steam pressure, water outlet temperature of economizer,
Fuel pressure, exhaust gas temperature, water and fuel flow rate on quality of steam is a recorded
Purpose to determine the steam dryness fraction (x)
I. Introduction
Steam is the major source for power generation in
steam engines or steam turbine. Steam is produced from
water by combustion of fuel in a boiler and employed.
The primary requirements of steam generators or boilers
are (i) Water must be contained safely. (ii)The steam must
be safely delivered in desired condition as regards its
pressure, temperature, quality and required rate. The
presence of moisture in steam causes a loss of heat from
the feed water temperature to the steam temperature. The
boiler consists of a membrane coil fitted in a shell which
in turn is enclosed by an air jacket. The coil forms the
combustion chamber (furnace). Burning fuel generates
heat which produces steam. High pressure pumps supply
water and fuel to the boiler and air is supplied by a
blower fan. Steam is generated within a few minutes after
firing the unit [1].
II. Theory
in the measurement of quality, the object is always to
bring the state of the substance from the two -phase
region to the single phase or superheated region, where
both pressure and temperature are independent, and
measured to fix the state by adiabatic throttling In the
throttling calorimeter, a sample of wit steam of mass (m)
and at pressure (P1) is taken from the steam main through
a perforated sampling tube. Fig 1
Fig.1. throttling calorimeter
Then it is throttled by the partially - opened valve
(Or orifice) to pressure (P2), measured by water
manometer, and temperature (t2) So that after throttling
the steam is in the superheated region. The process is
shown on the (T-S) diagrams in Fig 2.
Fig.2. Throttling process on T-S plot
2. Saif Al-din Ali Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
The steady flow energy equation gives the enthalpy
after throttling as equal to enthalpy before throttling The
initial and final equilibrium states2 (B) and 3(C) are
joined by a dotted line since throttling s irreversible
(adiabatic but not isentropic) the initial state (wet) is
given by (P1) and (x1) and the final state by (P2) and
(T2) superheated Now
Or
With (P2) and (T2) being known, (h2) can be found
out from the superheated steam table. The values of (hf)
and (hfg) taken from the saturated steam table
corresponding to pressure (P1). Therefore, the quality of
the wet steam (x1) can be calculated.
When the steam is very wet and the pressure after
throttling is not low enough to take the steam to the
superheated region, then a combined separating and
throttling calorimeter is used for the measure of quality.
Steam from the main is first passed through a separator
(Fig.3), where some part of the moisture separates out due
to the sudden change in direction and falls by gravity, and
the partially dry vapor is then throttled and taken to the
superheated region.
Fig.3. Separating and Throttling calorimeter
In Fig.4. Process (1-2) represents the moisture
separation from the wet sample of steam at constant
pressure (P1) and process (2-3) presents throttling to
pressure (P2). With (P2) and (t3) being measured, (h3)
can be found out from the superheated steam table
Fig.4. separating and throttling processes on h-s plot
Now
h3=h2=hfp1+x2hfgp1
Therefore, x2 the quality of steam after partial moisture
separation, can be evaluated. If (m) kg of steam is taken
through the sampling tube in (t sec), (m1) kg of it is
separated, and (m2) kg is throttled and then condensed to
water and collected, then (m=m1+m2) and at state (2), the
mass of dry vapor will be (x2m2). Therefore, the quality
of the sample of steam at state (1),(x1) is given by
3. Saif Al-din Ali Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
III. Tables
TABLE I
GEOMETRICAL DATA
Parameters Value1 Value2
P1 (bar) 2+1=3 1+1=2
m1 (ml) 1120 1000
m2 (ml) 180 240
ᴧp (mm H2O) 340 200
T3 c` 114.8 105
.
IV. Equations
Or
And
V. Calculation
Value1
Given:
State (1): P1 =300 kpa
From T (B.1.2) at P1=300 kpa
State (3):-
Now
From T (B.1.2) at
From T (B.1.3) at
By Interpolation
Value2;-
State (1): P1 =200 kpa
From T (B.1.2) at P1=300 kpa
State (3):-
Now
From T (B.1.2) at
From T (B.1.3) at
By Interpolation
4. Saif Al-din Ali Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
VI. Discussion
1. What is saturated liquid and saturated vapor?
Steam saturated
When water is present in its liquid and
gaseous state, its steam is called
saturated steam and its temperature is
boiling. In this case, the temperature of
the water and steam is constant
regardless of the amount of heat or
heat energy entered under pressure.
For example, at sea level, the boiling
point of water is 100 ° C and the water
temperature remains constant during
boiling (although heatedly supplied
from the outside) until the entire water
turns into steam, then the heat input
increases the heat of the steam. During
boiling, the water molecules store the
heat inside it as latent heat and part of
the heat gives it energy to make it
escape the liquid and become steamy.
"Which is the liquid that have enough energy to
be a saturated vapor"
Saturated vapor
"Which is the vapor that have enough energy to
be a superheated steam"
2. How much the dryness fraction for saturated
liquid.
In sat. Liquid
3. How much the dryness fraction for saturated
vapor.
4. What the dryness fraction is for sat. Liquid vapor?
5. What is the useful form calculating the dryness
fraction?
The object is always to bring the state of the
substance form the tow-phase region to the
single phase or superheated region etches
both pressure
On this temperature …
6. What is the meaning by saturated temperature
for water and what is the effect of change to
pressure on this temperature?
Which the temperature that make the water
Able to be steam the change in pressure
effect on it when the pressure get low they
sat temperature get low to and when the
pressure get high the sat temperature get
high too
7. How many Reglan that represent the transform in
phase for water plot it on diagram?
5. Saif Al-din Ali Mechanical Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad
8. Describe the components of the Separating
calorimeter and Throttling calorimeter
1. SAPARATING CALORIMETER
It consist of two concentric chamber,
the inner chamber, and the outer
chamber. Which communicates with
each other through an opening at the
top. As the steam discharge through
the metal baskets, which has a large
number of holes, the water partial due
to their heavier momentum get
separated from the steam and collected
in the chamber. The comparatively dry
steam in the inner chamber moves up
and through down aging through the
annular space between the two
chambers and enter the throttling
calorimeter
2. Throttling calorimeter
It consists a narrow throat (Orifice). Pressure
and temperature are measured by pressure
gauge and thermometer. The steam after
throttling process passes through the heat
exchanger and condensate is collected. Steam
Generator is also provided to supply the
saturated steam
It is a vessel with a needle valve fitted on
the inlet side. The steam is throttled
through the needle valve and exhausted
to the condenser.
9. The following procedure adopted for the
experimentation on separating and throttling
calorimeter.
1 . Start the boiler and supply steam to the
separating and throttling calorimeter unit.
2 . Start the cooling water flow through the
condenser.
3 . Open steam valve and allow the steam to flow
through the calorimeters to warm through the
steam.
4 . Open the throttle valve and adjust to give a
pressure at exhaust of about measured on the
manometer.
5 . Drain the separating calorimeter.
6 . Start the test and take readings .
7 . When a reasonable quantity of condensate is
collected measure the quantity of separated water
and the quantity of
Condensate.
10. Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Experience
1. Accuracy of taking readings
2. Dealing with units takes into account the
conversion
3. Periods between taking his readers and one
another
4. Losses caused by the device of leakage
5. Non-calibrating pressure devices and
maintaining valves
Acknowledgements
To the heat laboratory...
References
Lectures by Dr. Mohamed Abdel Raouf