The document discusses the basic elements and patterns of sentences in English. It defines subjects, predicates, direct objects, indirect objects, and different types of verbs and complements. It provides examples of different sentence patterns including subject-intransitive verb, subject-transitive verb-direct object, subject-linking verb-subject complement, and subject-transitive verb-indirect object-direct object.

1. Sentence
Patterns
English Plus
(Basic Grammar)

2. ELEMENTS OF A SENTENCE
• Subject – doer of the action/ topic of the
sentence
• Predicate – states something about the subject
• Direct Object – receives the action done by the
subject
• Indirect Object - precedes the direct object and
tells to whom or for whom the action of the
verb is done and who is receiving the direct
object

3. Basic
Sentence
Patterns

4. Subject – Intransitive Verb
Maria cooperated voluntarily.
S IV

5. What is an intransitive verb?
•An
intransitive
verb is a verb
without a
direct object.

6. Examples of S-IV sentences
I wrote legibly.
Michael and Gabriel woke and
yawned.
He prays everyday.
Students should study every night.
She reads silently.

7. Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object
The students helped the barangay.
S
TV DO

8. What is a transitive
verb?
• A transitive verb
is a verb that
requires both a
subject and a
direct object.

9. Examples of s-tv-do
sentences
Someone ate my sandwich.
Mikko reads the dictionary for
pleasure.
The campers fear the bears.
The board showed their approval.
I played the piano.

10. Subject – Linking Verb –
Subject Complement
Teachers are our second parents.
S
LV PN

11. What is a PN?
• A predicate
nominative or a
predicate noun
completes a
linking verb and
renames the
subject.

12. Examples of s-LV-PN
sentences
Anne is the boss.
Whales and sharks are mammals.
The girl should be the captain.
My mother is a teacher.
Philippines is the “Pearl of the Orient
Seas.”

13. Subject – Linking Verb –
Subject Complement
Her pies are very sweet.
S
LV PA

14. What is a P.A.?
• A predicate
adjective
follows a linking
verb and
describes the
subject.

15. Examples of s-lv-pa
sentences
His behavior has been outrageous.
Niña is so beautiful.
That garbage on the street smells
bad.
He is dead.
The man was very accommodating.

16. Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object-
Object Complement
He called the cashier beautiful.
S
TV DO
OC

17. What is an O.C.?
• An object
complement is a
noun, pronoun, or
adjective which
follows a direct object
and renames it or
tells what the direct
object has become.

18. Examples of S-TV-DO-OC
sentences
The class elected Nadine president.
Cathy cut her hair short.
The child made her mother happy.
Many people find martial arts
challenging.
Some pet owners consider their dogs
their children.

19. Subject-Transitive Verb-Indirect
Object-Direct Object
Liza gave the children gifts.
S
TV IO
DO

20. Examples of S-TV-io-do
sentences
Mom will paint Gabriel a picture.
He will give Mrs. Perez the message.
Yvann surprised his sister with a
reward.
I teach the students English.
Pearl sent Tom a book.