The document discusses different types of junctures used in speech: single bar juncture (/), double bar juncture (//), and double cross juncture (#). Single bar juncture indicates a slight pause between thought groups, while double bar juncture suggests a longer pause. Double cross juncture characterizes a drop in pitch and is used to indicate pauses for semi-colons, colons or periods. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper use of each juncture symbol.

1. JUNCTURE

2.  It is another measure of intonation.
 It characterizes the passage from one
sound to the next sound in the stream
of speech.
 Basically, juncture interposes a
temporary stoppage of the flow of
speech.
 It suggests the need or propriety of
pausing to obtain clarity in thought
relation.

3. Three Symbols of Juncture
 1. Single bar juncture
 (/)
2. double bar juncture
 (//)
3. Double cross juncture
 (#)

4. Single bar juncture (/)
 Indicates the need for a slight
pause between two thought
groups in a sentence.

5. Example of two thought groups
 We visited our students / who are sick.
 One of the students / who are absent / are
sick.
 One / who gets irritated easily / is unhappy.

6.  Note:
If the sentence consists
only of one thought group,
juncture is no longer needed.

7. Example of one thought group:
 My teacher teaches English well.
 I am interested in Mathematics.
 My brother topped the board
examination for engineers.

8.  A change of places of juncture
in the sentence logically
change the meaning of the
sentence.

9. Examples:
 My teacher said / the doctor is pregnant.
(Who is pregnant?)
(Ans. The doctor)
 My teacher / said the doctor / is pregnant.
(Who is pregnant?)
( Ans. The teacher)

10.  The principal said / the teacher is
incompetent.
(Who is in competent?)
(Ans. The teacher)
 The principal / said the teacher / is
incompetent.
(Who is in competent?)
( Ans. The principal)

11.  Better go / naked people don’t mind.
(Who are naked?)
( Ans. The people)
 Better go naked / people don’t mind.
(Who is being asked to go naked?)
(Ans. The addresses, not the people)

12. Double bar juncture (//)
 Indicates the need for a longer
pause between two, thought
groups in a sentence.

13. Appositives
 Dr. Jose Rizal// our national hero// was
born on June 19, 1861.
 Mr. Ronald Pascual// the singing
professor// teaches English.
 The first gentleman// Miguel Arroyo// is
also known as Jose Pidal.

14. Pause before and after
non-restrictive clause
 Mrs. Rosario B. Dela Cruz// who holds a
doctoral degree//is my daughter.
 Mr. Joseph Gallego// who is a member of
the bar// is the incumbent President of
MVGFC.
 Mr. Juan Dela Cruz//who is still a
freshman//is taking up medicine in UST.

15. Pause before and after
parenthetical expressions
 The president//together with fifty close
friends//went to the United States for a week.
 The KC Members of Council
3692//accompanied by their grand
knight//went on caroling for three nights.
 Ex-president Corazon Aquino// as well as
Susan Roces//who led the rallyist//asked GMA
to resign.

16. Pause after verbal phrases
 After eating, //the dogs all appeared
satisfied.
 Having finished the test,// I was allowed to
go home.
 Looking through the window,// I saw the
children playing at the plaza.
 To memorize a poem,// you should read it
many times.

17. Double cross juncture (#)
 Characterizes a drop in pitch.
The pausing time responds to
a need for semi-colon, colon
or period.

18. Pause between clauses
 A vision without action is a daydream;# an
action without vision is a nightmare.
 To err is human;# to forgive is divine.
 It is not what a man tells # but what he
does # that makes him great.
 Study your lesson;#otherwise# I’ll fail you.
 If you can’t say something good of your
brother;# better say nothing of him.