This document discusses the key properties of nouns including number, gender, and case. It provides 10 rules for forming the plural of nouns by changing word endings like adding "s" or "es" or changing the word entirely. It also outlines 7 rules for using nouns in the nominative, objective, and possessive cases based on their use as subjects, objects, in prepositional phrases, and to show ownership.

1. NOUNS

2. HUMAN
BINGO
HUMAN
BINGO
HUMAN
BINGO
LOVES
MATH
WRITES
POEMS
FAVORITE COLOR
IS BLUE
CAN SING WELL
PRAYS THE
ROSARY
DAILY
LOVES JUNK
FOOD AND SODA
HAS GOOD SENSE
OF
HUMOR
DANCES
GRACEFULLY
CAN PAINT
WANTS TO
JOIN A RELIGIOUS
GROUP
SLEEPS EARLY DOESN’T EAT
VEGETABLES

3. What is a noun?
• A noun is a word
that is used to name
a person, a place or
a thing.
• It may name a real
object, an idea or
even an action.

4. Properties
of Nouns

5. 1. Number
•Only oneSingular
•Two or morePlural

6. Rule 1
• Most nouns
form the plural
by adding s to
the singular
noun.
• Lecture – lectures
• Book – books
• Tree – trees
• Thing – things
• Board - boards

7. Rule 2
• Nouns ending in
y preceded by a
consonant form
the plural by
changing y to i
and adding es.
• Lily – lilies
• Lady – ladies
• Baby – babies
• Fairy – fairies
• Berry - berries

8. Rule 3
• Nouns ending in
s, x, z, ch and sh
form the plural
by adding es.
• Box – boxes
• Church – churches
• Buzz – buzzes
• Bus – buses
• Match - matches

9. Rule 4
• Nouns ending in
o preceded by a
consonant
generally form
the plural by es
to the singular.
• Tomato –
tomatoes
• Potato – potatoes

10. Rule 5
• Some nouns
form the plural
by changing f or
fe to ves.
• Calf – calves
• Half – halves
• Knife – knives
• Wife – wives
• Loaf - loaves

11. Rule 6
• A few nouns
have the same
form in the
singular and
plural.
• Deer – deer
• Swine – swine
• Apparatus –
apparatus
• Nose – nose
• Chinese - Chinese

12. Rule 7
• A few nouns
form the plural
by changing the
word.
• Tooth – teeth
• Mouse – mice
• Child – children
• Man – men
• Foot - feet

13. Rule 8
• Compound
nouns form the
plural by adding
s to the
important word.
• Father-in-law –
fathers-in-law
• Passer-by –
passers-by
• Editor-in-chief –
editors-in-chief

14. Rule 9
• Common nouns
in ful form the
plural by adding
s.
• Cupful – cupfuls
• Spoonful –
spoonfuls

15. Rule 10
• The plural of
numbers and
letters is formed
by adding ‘s to
the singular.
• 6 – 6’s
• T – T’s
• 1 – 1’s
• S – S’s
• 23 – 23’s

16. 2. Gender
•Male genderMasculine
•Female genderFeminine
•Inanimate objectNeuter
•Male or femaleCommon

17. 3. Case
•Subject of a verbNominative
•objectObjective
•ownershipPossessive

18. Rule 1:
Nominative• A noun is in the
nominative case
when it is the
subject of the
verb.
• Ed caught a large
fish.
• Beth and Annie
collect stamps.
• James is the eldest
in the four
children.

19. Rule 2:
Nominative
• A predicate
nominative
comes after a
linking verb.
• The girl was my
sister.
• The tennis players
are Ray and
Harold.
• The figure in white
was Mila.

20. Rule 1: Objective
• A noun is in
the objective
case when it
is used as a
direct object
of a verb.
• She threw the ball
to her father.
• We bought
flowers for the
altar.
• He gave ice cream
to the child.

21. Rule 2:
Objective• A noun is in
the objective
case when it
is used as
objects of the
preposition.
• We travelled
through
Mindanao.
• The gift came from
the teacher.
• The children went
with Mary and
Anne.

22. Rule 3:
Objective
• A noun is in
the objective
case when it is
used as an
indirect object
of the verb.
• Father bought my
brother a new car.
• The teacher gave
the students
another chance.
• The hostess invited
Peter to the party.

23. Rule 4:
Objective
• A noun is in
the objective
case when it
is used as a
subject of an
infinitive.
• Donna asked
Miguel to teach
her the new dance
steps.
• Ella requested
Mary to sing.

24. Rule 5:
Objective
• A noun is in
the objective
case when it
is used as an
object of an
infinitive.
• Donna asked
Miguel to teach
Liza the new
dance steps.
• Ella requested
Mary to sing
songs.

25. Rule 6:
Objective
• A noun is in
the objective
case when it
is used as an
objective
complement.
• They called my
baby Gab.
• The priest
baptized him
Gabriel Yvann.

26. Rule 7:
Objective• A noun is in
the objective
case when it is
used as a
retained
object after a
passive verb.
• Henry was given the
prize.
• Dogs were fed meat
after the party.
• The girls were given
invitations last
week.

27. Rule 1:
Possessive
• Form the
possessive
case of
singular
nouns by
adding ‘s.
• Charles –
Charles’ car
• Boy – boy’s
pants
• Bird – bird’s nest

28. Rule 2:
Possessive• When two
nouns indicate
joint
ownership, the
sign of
possession is
placed after the
second noun.
• Mickey and
Minnie’s show
• Pedro and
Juan’s room
• Elsa and Kiko’s
store

29. Rule 3:
Possessive• When two
nouns indicate
separate
ownership,
add the sign of
possession to
both nouns.
• Remy’s and
Pat’s bags
• Bien’s and
Dwayne’s toys
• Mikko’s and
Yuri’s grades

30. Rule 4:
Possessive• Compound
nouns form
the possessive
case by adding
apostrophe s
(‘s) to the last
word.
• Mother-in-
law’s dish
• Secretary-
general’s wife
• Editor-in-
chief’s article