The document provides an overview of sensors, specifically focusing on their applications in smartphones. It details various types of sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and infrared proximity sensors, along with their functionalities and uses. It also highlights the significance of these sensors in detecting motion, controlling screen orientation, and preventing accidental touch inputs.

1. SENSORS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
PRESENTED BY: PRESENTED TO:
KAMAL JEET K SHRINAVASRAO
B.TECH (ECE) DEPT. OF ECE

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction about Sensors
 Different types of Sensors in Smartphones
 IR based proximity Sensor
 Application of Proximity sensor

3. Introduction about sensors
 A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type
of input from the physical environment.
 The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture,
pressure or any other environmental phenomena.
 The output is generally a signal that is converted to human
readable display at the sensor location or transmitted
electronically over a network for reading or further processing.

4. Sensors in Smartphones
Accelerometer
 The accelerometer is a built-in electronic component that measures tilt
and motion.
 It measures linear acceleration of movement.
 Capable of detecting rotation and motion gestures such as swinging &
shaking.
 The most common use for it is to activate auto screen rotation on
smartphones when the user changes their orientation.
 Another modern application for the accelerometer is to control the mobile
device music with gestures & also enriching the gaming controls.

5.  Gyroscope
 The gyroscope, or gyro for short is and advance version of
accelerometer most commonly
used in smartphones.
 It is sensor that can provide orientation information as well,
but with precision, android’s photo sphere camera feature can
tell how much a phone has been rotated and in which
orientation.
 Gyroscope measures the angular rotational velocity &
measures rate of change of different things.
 When we combine the 3-axis accelerometer with 3-axis gyro,
we get an output that is both clean and responsive.

6. IR based proximity sensor
 The proximity sensors commonly found in smartphones these
days use (IR) Infrared radiation which is invisible to the naked
human eye.
 An IR LED emits IR radiation which bounces off any nearby
surface.
 The reflected rays are detected by an IR receiver sitting next
to the emitter.

7.  Based on the distance between the obstacle and the sensor, the
intensity of light falling on the receiver varies.
 Hence, a high intensity light reflected back implies there is an
obstacle or a surface nearby.
 In smartphones it is used to turn off the touch screen while it is
closer to your face-so that you don’t select functions
accidentally.

8. Applications
 Detecting Dynamic Motion
 Position Measurement
 Touchscreen & Touchpads
 Most commonly found in smartphones
 Parking sensors, system mounted on car bumpers that sense
distance to nearby cars for parking

9. References:
 en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity-sensors
 www.g9toengineering.com
 www.quora.com
 technical guruji.in