An In-Depth Concept of S block elements For IIT JEE (CHEMISTRY) Exams. Join Studyduniya.com for More. https://bit.ly/2GCRyEW

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MEMBERS OF s- BLOCK ELEMENTS

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Sodium carbonate is generally prepared
by Solvay Process.
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (1/8)
1. Sodium Carbonate (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (2/8)
1. Sodium Carbonate (2/2)
Sodium carbonate is a white crystalline
solid which exists as a decahydrate.
This is also called washing soda.
It is readily soluble in water.

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The most abundant source of sodium
chloride is sea water which contains 2.7 to
2.9% by mass of the salt.
To obtain pure sodium chloride, the crude
salt is dissolved in minimum amount of
water and filtered to remove insoluble
impurities.
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (3/8)
2. Sodium Chloride (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (4/8)
2. Sodium Chloride (2/2)
Sodium chloride melts at 1081K.
It has a solubility of 36.0 g in 100 g of water
at 273 K.
It is used as a common salt or table salt for
domestic purpose.

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Sodium hydroxide is generally prepared
commercially by the electrolysis of sodium
chloride in Castner-Kellner cell.
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (5/8)
3. Sodium Hydroxide (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (6/8)
3. Sodium Hydroxide (2/2)
Sodium hydroxide is a white, translucent
solid. It melts at 591 K.
It is readily soluble in water to give a strong
alkaline solution.
Crystals of sodium hydroxide are
deliquescent.

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Sodium hydrogencarbonate is prepared by
saturating a solution of sodium carbonate
with carbon dioxide.
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (7/8)
4. Sodium Hydrogencarbonate (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF SODIUM (8/8)
4. Sodium Hydrogencarbonate (2/2)
Sodium hydrogencarbonate is known as
baking soda because it decomposes on
heating to generate bubbles of carbon
dioxide.
Sodium hydrogencarbonate is a mild
antiseptic for skin infections.

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Potassium carbonate is prepared by the
carbonation of a Potassium hydroxide
solution with CO at 353- 408 K
COMPOUNDS OF POTASSIUM (1/4)
1. Potassium Carbonate (1/2)
2

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF POTASSIUM (2/4)
1. Potassium Carbonate (2/2)
Potassium carbonate also known as potash
ash is a white salt.
it is soluble in water and insoluble in
ethanol.
It is used in the production of soap, glass
etc.

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Potassium carbonate is prepared by reacting
the potassium hydroxide with hydrochloric
acid
COMPOUNDS OF POTASSIUM (3/4)
2. Potassium Chloride (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF POTASSIUM (4/4)
2. Potassium Chloride (2/2)
Potassium chloride is a white crystals.
Potassium chloride melts at 1043 K.
Its solubility in water is 35 g/100 g water at
298 K.
It is used to replenish electrolytes in the
human body.

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Magnesium oxide is produced by the
calcination of mineral magnesite (MgCO3) or
magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
COMPOUNDS OF MAGNESIUM
1. Magnesium Oxide (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF MAGNESIUM
1. Magnesium Oxide (2/2)
Magnesia is widely used in the steel industry
as a refractory brick.
It has good Refractoriness, High Thermal
Conductivity & Low Electrical Conductivity

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It is prepared on a commercial scale by
heating limestone (CaCO ) in a rotary kiln at
1070-1270 K.
The CO is removed as soon as it is produced
to enable the reaction to proceed to
completion.
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (1/8)
1. Calcium Oxide (1/2)
3
2

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (2/8)
1. Calcium Oxide (2/2)
Calcium oxide is a white amorphous solid.
It has a melting point of 2870 K.
The addition of limited amount of water
breaks the lump of lime. This process is
called slaking of lime.

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Calcium hydroxide is prepared by adding
water to quick lime, CaO.
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (3/8)
2. Calcium Hydroxide (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (4/8)
2. Calcium Hydroxide (2/2)
It is a white amorphous powder. It is
sparingly soluble in water.

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It can be prepared by passing carbon dioxide
through slaked lime or by the addition of
sodium carbonate to calcium chloride.
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (5/8)
3. Calcium Carbonate (1/2)

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (6/8)
3. Calcium Carbonate (2/2)
Calcium carbonate is a white fluffy powder.
When heated to 1200 K, it decomposes to
evolve carbon dioxide.

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It is obtained when gypsum, CaSO ·2H O, is
heated to 393 K.
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (7/8)
4. Calcium Sulphate (1/2)
4 2
Above 393 K, no water of crystallisation is left
and anhydrous calcium sulphate, CaSO is
formed. This is known as ‘dead burnt plaster’.
4

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Properties
COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM (8/8)
4. Calcium Sulphate (2/2)
It is a hemihydrate of calcium sulphate also
known as Plaster of Paris.
On mixing with an adequate quantity
of water it forms a plastic mass that gets
into a hard solid in 5 to 15 minutes.