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Raster Analysis (Color Composite and Remote Sensing Indices)
1. Center for Research and Application for Satellite Remote Sensing
Yamaguchi University
Raster Analysis (Color Composite
and Remote Sensing Indices)
2. Contents
• Color composite
• True color composite
• False color
• Remote Sensing Indices
• Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
• Normalized difference water index (NDWI)
4. Apply your account
https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/
There are 4 steps of search criteria
1) set location and time
2) Select data sets
3) Additional criteria (can skip or
set your criteria such as %less cloud)
4) See the results of the criteria
1 2 3 4
USGS explorer for downloading data
16. 1st method
• Right click at the image layer → save as → select map view extent
2nd method
• QGIS 3 => Raster → extraction → clip raster by extent → In clipping extent
→ click “…” → use layer/canvas extent → use canvas extent → name your
output file and save
• QGIS 2.18 => Raster → extraction → clipper → extent → drag on canvas →
name your output file and save
Extract only specific area
18. • True color composite
• False color composite
http://gsp.humboldt.edu/olm_2016/courses/GSP_216_Online/lesson3-1/composite.html
Red: red band (Band 4, Landsat-8)
Green: green band (Band 3, Landsat-8)
Blue: blue band (Band 2, Landsat-8)
Red: NIR band (Band 5, Landsat-8)
Green: red band (Band 4, Landsat-8)
Blue: green band (Band 3, Landsat-8)
Satellite image visualization
19. • Right click at layer → properties → Style → in band rendering select “multiband color”
True color composite
False color composite
20. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
NDVI = (NIR – RED) / (NIR + RED)
Normalized difference water index (NDWI)
NDWI = (Green – NIR) / (Green + NIR)
0
-1 +1
0
-1 +1
Healthy vegetation
Non-vegetation
Water
Non-water
https://midopt.com/healthy-crop/
defined by McFeeters (1996)
Remote sensing indices
Image:
22. Landsat-8 : NDVI
• Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
NDVI = (NIR – RED) / (NIR + RED)
You can find more indices here: https://medium.com/regen-network/remote-sensing-indices-389153e3d947
• Therefore, NDVI of Landsat-8 is
NDVI = (Band 5 – Band 4) / (Band 5 + Band 4)
• OR, NDVI of our merged image is
NDVI = (Layer 4 – Layer 3) / (Layer 4 + Layer 3)
23. Landsat-8 : NDWI
• Normalized difference water index (NDWI)
NDWI = (Green – NIR) / (Green + NIR)
• Therefore, NDWI of Landsat-8 is
NDWI = (Band 3 – Band 5) / (Band 3 + Band 5)
• OR, NDWI of our merged image is
NDWI = (Layer 2 – Layer 4) / (Layer 2 + Layer 4)
You can find more indices here: https://medium.com/regen-network/remote-sensing-indices-389153e3d947
Photo by Anastasia
Taioglou on Unsplash
24. Sentinel-2 : NDVI
• Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
NDVI = (NIR – RED) / (NIR + RED)
You can find more indices here: https://medium.com/regen-network/remote-sensing-indices-389153e3d947
• Therefore, NDVI of Sentinel-2 is
NDVI = (Band 8 – Band 4) / (Band 8 + Band 4)
• OR, NDVI of our merged image is
NDVI = (Layer 4 – Layer 3) / (Layer 4 + Layer 3)
Photo by Marita
Kavelashvili on Unsplash
25. Sentinel-2 : NDWI
• Normalized difference water index (NDWI)
NDWI = (Green – NIR) / (Green + NIR)
• Therefore, NDWI of Sentinel-2 is
NDWI = (Band 3 – Band 8) / (Band 3 + Band 8)
• OR, NDWI of our merged image is
NDWI = (Layer 2 – Layer 4) / (Layer 2 + Layer 4)
You can find more indices here: https://medium.com/regen-network/remote-sensing-indices-389153e3d947
Photo by Anastasia
Taioglou on Unsplash
26. • Raster → Raster calculator
High NDVI
High NDVI
Low NDVI
Low NDVI
Image can be colored → go to layer properties
→ Singleband pseudocolor → change color
