The term curriculum has been derived from a Latin word „Currere‟ which means a „race course‟ or a runway on which one runs to reach a goal. If the teacher is the guide, the curriculum is the path. Curriculum is the total structure of ideas and activities.

1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
AND TRENDS IN GEOGRAPHY
CURRICULUM
By
@mol Ub@le
PVDT College Of Education ForWomen

2. CURRICULUM
■ The term curriculum has been derived from a Latin word
„Currere‟ which means a „race course‟ or a runway on
which one runs to reach a goal. If the teacher is the guide,
the curriculum is the path. Curriculum is the total structure
of ideas and activities.

3. Meaning of Curriculum
■ A Curriculum Is The Instructional And The Educative
Programme By Following Which The Pupils Achieve Their
Goals, Ideals And Aspirations Of Life.
■ Curriculum is an important element of education. Aims of
education are reflected in the curriculum. In other words,
the curriculum is determined by the aims of life and
society. Aims of life and society are subject to constant
change.

4. Definition
■ Stenhouse (1980)
■ "A curriculum is an attempt to communicate the essential principles and
features of an educational proposal in such a form that it is open to
critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice.“
■ Secondary Education Commission,”
■ The whole life of the school is the curriculum which can touch the life
of the student at all points and help them in the evaluation of balanced
personality''

5. Principles Of Curriculum Development.

6. Age And Mental Level OfThe Children
■ learning experiences should add on the basis of age and mental development of
Students
■ MentalAbility wise Formation

7. Specific Interests Of Students
■ Interests of children also change according to circumstances and situations.
■ learning experiences should be designed to suit the interests and tastes of the age group of
students.

8. CURRICULUM SHOULD BE
ENVIRONMENTALLY CENTERED
■ The content of the learning experiences for children should be linked with the
needs of the environment in which they live.
■ For example, children from rural areas can understand and grasp easily the
information which is directly concerned with their experiences in their own rural
environment.
■ The same thing applies to children in the various environment like urban areas,
hilly areas etc.

9. Comprehensive Curriculum
■ Teachers and students should know clearly what is expected of them, what is the
beginning and what is the end of the topic for the particular class.
■ Material, aids, activities, life situations etc. Should be listed in the curriculum.

10. Principle Of Co-relation
■ The curriculum should be such that all the subjects are correlated with each other.
■ While designing the curriculum, it must be kept in mind that the subject matter of various
subjects has some relation to each other so that they help the child eventually.

11. Principle Of Practical Work or
Activity based
■ Children are very active by nature.
■ They like new things and can learn more by doing or by activity method.

12. Principle of flexibility
■ instead of being rigid curriculum should show the sign of flexibility.
■ The organization of the curriculum should be on the basis of individual differences as
every child is different from the other.

13. Principle of forward-looking
■ This principle asks for the inclusion of those topics, content and learning experiences
that may prove helpful to the students in leading their future life in a proper way.

14. Principle of Child Centeredness
■ Curriculum should be considered child Mental Health ,Interest and ability .

15. Consideration in developing learner centred
curriculum in Geography
Knowledge Of The Earth
Proper Utilization of
Natural Resources
Know the Livelihood
Pattern
solve the
environmental Problems
Understand Natural
Incidents
Development of broaden
attitude