This document discusses principles of curriculum construction. It outlines several key principles that educationists have laid down for developing curriculum, including the principles of child-centeredness, community-centeredness, activity-centeredness, integration, being forward-looking, conservative, renewal, creativity, motivation, maturity, balance, utility, elasticity and flexibility, and comprehensiveness. The conclusion states that a good curriculum should be well-balanced, properly graded, broadly-based, and appropriately designed to meet the needs of both students and society.

1. ASSIGNMENT
TOPIC: PRINCIPLES OF CURRICULUM
Submitted by,
Mohammed Salih
Roll No: 73
Reg No: 1336019
B.Ed Geography

2. CURRICULUM A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
Curriculum is the crux of the whole educational process .without
curriculum, we cannot conceive and educational endeavor .school curriculum of
as constitution country, like its constitution reflects the ethos of that country.
The term curriculum is derived from the Latin word ‘currere’ which means
path.in this sense curriculum is the path through which student has to go forward
in order touch the goal envisaged by education. Geography curriculum is the
most appropriate medium required for the purpose. As such ever social science
and geography teacher has to get a clear and through knowledge of the
importance, meaning, scope and nature of a good geography curriculum together
with the principles for its development and transaction.in brief curriculum is the
means of achieving the goals of education

3. PRINCIPLES OF CURRCULUM CONSTRUCTION
Educationists have laid down certain general principles for
developing curriculum some of the basic principles are.
Principle of child centeredness
Curriculum should be child centered it must be based on the needs,
requirements and circumstances of child. The child need more experience than
instruction true education can be acquired only through activity and experience
Principle of community centeredness
Besides treating each child as an individual, we should also view him as a
member of the community to which he belongs. The child cannot be educated in
a vacuum. He is to be educated in a school established by the society and by
interacting with other members of the society
The principle of activity centeredness
Action is the sign of life. Man is an active being. Therefore, the curriculum
should provide for a variety of activities both physical and mental in which
children are naturally interested. The activity must be connected with the child as
well as educational desires and needs as well as educational requirement.
Emphasis must be given to learning by doing
The principle of integration
By integration we do not merely mean integration of subject. What is
required is the integration of the child needs on the other.

4. Forward looking principle
The aim of education is to prepare the child for an effective adult life.
There for curriculum should reflected enable the child to prepare for a worthy
life.
Conservative principle
The curriculum should preserve and transmit the traditions and culture of
human race it should embrace such subjects. topic or activities by which students
should culture a sense of respect for their traditions and culture.
Renewal principle
While conserving and transmitting the culture heritage, education should
culture to renewal of the culture to suit the requirements of changing times.
Creative principle
God has created a variety of things in it .by nature, mean is criatve.so
education should be molded as to enable one develop one’s creativity.
Motivation principle
The curriculum should be factored to suit the needs and interest of the
pupils.it must be goal directed.
Maturity principle
The curriculum should bruited to the mental and physical maturity of the
pupil. For instance adjustment atmospheric condition.

5. The principle of balance
Curriculum should maintain proper balance between direct and indirect
experiences, liberal and professional education and individual compulsory and
optional subjects etc.
The principle of utility
Curriculum should be of practical use to the pupil and hence should maintain
vocational and technical basis
The Principle of elasticity and flexibility
Since the needs of the individual and the society go on changing, a rigid and
static curriculum cannot meet the requirements of the child and also experiences
to be presented
The principle of comprehensiveness
The curriculum must be comprehensive enough to confirm to the needs of
various individuals or communities.it must be broad based to include a wide
variety of subjects.

6. CONCLUSION
A curriculum should be well balanced, properly graded, fairly broad
based and appropriately designed for meeting the needs of the child on the one
hand and those of the society, on the other curriculum is the means of achieving
the goals of education.it includes all those activities and environmental
influences to which student is exposed

7. REFERENCE
 Dr. K.Shivarajan ; social science Education Calicut University
Centre cooperative stores 2008 pp. 40-46
 www.google/curriculum
 Wikipedia