2. 1. Introduction
2. Meaning of curriculum
3. Definition of curriculum
4. Purposes of curriculum
5. Principle of curriculum
6. Concepts of curriculum
7. Conclusion
8. Bibliography
3. Curriculum is the crux of the whole educational process.
Without curriculum we cannot conceive any educational
endeavors. The curriculum is a literature sense; a pathway
towards a goal. The educational process is set into motion
towards its aim through the curriculum of courses. Curriculum
is actually what happens during a course eg. Lecture,
demonstration, field visits and the work with the clients.
4. The term “curriculum” is a Latin word, “currere”
which means “running” “race course” or “runway”.
Thus, curriculum means a course to be run for reaching
a certain goal or destination.
5. 1. Curriculum is the sum total of the student activities
which the school sponsors for the purpose of achieving
its objective. - Albert A & Albert E (1959)
2. Curriculum is a tool in the hands of the artist (teacher)
to mould his material (pupil) according to his ideas
(aims and objectives) in his studio (School)
- Cunningham
6. 1. To equip the learners through bringing the desirable
behavior changes in them.
2. To cope with and handle life situations realistically,
rationally without scarifying the human principle.
7. Development of health personnel at all levels.
Preparation of respective health team members
specifically for the task they will be required to
perform in their respective jobs positions.
Student participation in curriculum development.
Planned curriculum helps to realize the educational
objectives.
8. The following principles should be kept in mind when
framing a curriculum.
1. The conservative principle
2. The forward-looking principal
3. Creative principle
4. Activity principle
5. Principle of depression for life
6. Principle of maturity
9. 7. Principle of individual difference
8. Principle of vertical and horizontal
articulation
9. Principle of linking with life
10. Principle of comprehensiveness and balance
11. Principle of loyalties
12. Principle of flexibility
13. Principle of core all common subject
14. Principle of leisure
15. Principle of all round and development
body will and spirit
16. Principle of democracy secularism and
socialism
17. Principle of character building
18. Principle of dignity or labor
10. 1. THE CONSERVATIVE PRINCIPLE :-
It has been stated that nation live in the present, on the
past and for the future. This means that the present, the past
and the future need of the community should be taken into
consideration. The past is a great guide for the present as it
helps us to decide what has been useful to those who are
living now. Thus, the function of the school is to preserve
and transmit the traditions, knowledge, experience and the
way of life of the present generation.
11. 2. THE FORWARD-LOOKING PRINCIPAL -:
Children’s of today are the future citizens of tomorrow.
Therefore, their education should be such as it enables them to
be progressive minded persons. Education should be given
them a foundation of knowledge, feeling and that will enable
them to change the environment where change is needed.
12. 3. CREATIVE PRINCIPLE –
In the curriculum , those activities should be included
which enable the child to exercise his creative and
constructive power. The objective of education is to discover
and to develop special interests, testes and aptitudes.
13. 4. ACTIVITY PRINCIPLE –
The curriculum should be thought in term of
activity and experience, rather than of knowledge to be
acquired and facts to be stored. Growth and learning
takes place only where there is activity. Experience
rather than instruction is to meet the one of the various
stages of the growth.
14. 5. PRINCIPLE OF PREPARATION FOR LIFE –
This is the most important principle in the construction of
the curriculum. Curriculum must include those activities
which enable the child to take his part effectively and
amicably in the activities of the community when he becomes
an adult. We have to prepare him in such a way as he is
capable for facing the various challenges of the complex
problems of the future.
15. 6.PRINCIPLE OF MATURITY: -
Curriculum should be adapted to the grade of the pupils
and to their stage of mental and physical development in the
early childhood ' wonder' and “romance” predominant. So
subjects and activities which present the elements of
‘wonders’ and ‘romance’ should be included at this stage. At
the next stage, that is the senior secondary, students are
interested in generalizations and accordingly curriculum
should provide such activities. The child at this stage is keen
to discover, to find out and discuss new facts.
16. 7. PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES: -
Individual differs in teste, temperature, skill, experience,
attitude innate ability and in sex. Therefore the curriculum
should be adapted to individual difference.
17. 8. PRINCIPLE OF VERTICAL AND
HORIZONTALARTICULATION :-
One the one hand each year’s course should be
build on what has to be done in previous year and at the
same time should serve as a basis for subsequent work.
It is absolutely essential the entire curriculum should be
coordinated.
18. 9. PRINCIPLES OF LINKING WITH LIFE :-
The community needs and characteristics should be kept
in view while framing the curriculum.
19. 10. PRINCIPLE OF COMPREHENSIVENESS
AND BALANCE :-
The curriculum should be framed in such a way as
every aspect of life such as economic relationship,
social activities, occupations and spiritual life is given
due emphasis
20. 11. PRINCIPLE OF LOYALTIES: -
The curriculum should be plan in such a manner
that it teacher a true sense of loyalty to the family, the
school, the town ,the province the country and the
world at large. It should be enable the child to
understand that there is unity and diversity.
21. 12. PRINCIPLE OF FLEXIBILITY: -
Curriculum should take into consideration the special
needs and circumstances of the pupils. Curriculum of the girls
may not always be identical with that of boys. The special
need for both the sexes should be given their due
consideration.
In general, the curriculum of the rural and the urban School
will be the same but there might be variation according to the
specific needs of the locality.
22. 13. PRINCIPLES OF CORE AND COMMON SUBJECT
:- There are certain board areas of knowledge, skill and
appreciation with which all the children must be made
conversant and these should find a place in the curriculum.
This is more important at higher secondary stage where there
are diversified courses. These subjects are to be common to
all groups. They are known as core subjects. Mother tongue or
regional language, special studies, journal science including
mathematics and craft are expected to be the core subject.
23. 14. PRINCIPLE OF LEISURE :-
The curriculum should prepare the child for the use of
leisure time. According to Herbert Spencer “Literature music
and art occupy the leisure part of life and should, therefore
occupy the leisure part of education. The capacity to enjoy the
leisure greatly determines a man’s ,capacity, drinking and
obscene literature, it will hamper progress not only for an
individual also the nation as a whole”
24. 15.PRINCIPLE OF ALL ROUND AND DEVELOPMENT
BODY, WILLAND SPEED: -
All kinds of experience should be provided to the student
so that they may develop all their powers.
25. 16. PRINCIPLE OF DEMOCRACY SECULARISM
AND SOCIALISM: -
Curriculum should be such as it trains the child to
imbibe ideals tend values of Democratic secular and
socialist state.
26. 17. PRINCIPLE OF CHARACTER BUILDING: -
Curriculum should provide those activities and
experience which promote human and social
values. There should be provision for a number of
co-curricular activities.
27. 18. PRINCIPLE OF DIGNITY OR LABOR :-
Curriculum should make provision for socially useful
productive work. The student should be provided
opportunities to learn from the use hand.
28. It includes all the learning experience with a child has
regardless of when or how they take place under the guidance
of the school.
The systematic arrangement of certain courses designed with
certain objectives of the pupil.
The courses offered within a certain field in the school such as
GNM program ; Basic B.Sc. nursing ;Post basic B.Sc.
Nursing curriculum ; M.Sc. Nursing Program.
29. Total educational programme of school or whatever learning,
activities and experiences occur within.
It included the total learning experiences of the child within or
outside the classroom.
The traditional concept of the curriculum is meant that , the
teachers has focused her efforts and attention all making
students to learn the items in subject and courses of study
according to the fixed the syllabus.
New concept of curriculum through education the young
people's lives in the present word and to adapt himself to it
according to his age and ability.
30. Curriculum is a plan of logical sequences of correlated and
integrated subject which students may pursue in the
attainment of a given goal.
If the curriculum provided is broad , varied and flexible in
learning opportunities, the curriculum selected and
experienced can be highly appropriate for each individual
learner.
31. CONCLUSION :-
Curriculum directs the teaching learning experiences of
nursing educational program. It provides formal and informal
contacts between teachers and pupils in educational
institution. The curriculum touch the whole life of students at
all points and helps in the evaluation of balanced personality
of the learner. If the curriculum provided is broad, varied and
fixable in learning opportunities, the curriculum selected and
experienced can be highly appropriate for each individual
learner
32. 1. K.P. Neeraja; “TEXTBOOK OF NURSING EDUCATION “ ;
JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD ,New
Delhi, 2nd Editor, 2004-2005; Page no 135-139.
2. BT Basavanthappa; “NURSING EDUCATION” JAYPEE
BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P)Ltd. ;New Delhi; 1st
edition ,2003 page no. 119 - 126
3. Loretta E. Heidegerken ; “TEACHING AND LEARNING IN
SCHOOLS OF NURSING PRINCIPLES AND METHODS”, 3rd
Edition, Konark Publisher Pvt. ltd. A-149 Main Vikas Marg, New
Delhi, 3rd edition ,1992, page no 238-239.
4. Dr. Aleyamma Kurian George ; “ PRINCIPLES OF
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION”
Vivekanand place, 233 North Car Street, Tiruchengoda , Namakkal
District , Tamil Nadu, 2002, page no 5,6,7
