TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
SUBMITTED BY :
S.SRIVIDHYA,
SIVANTHI COLLEGE OF
EDUCATION,
B.ED 1 YEAR (MATHS)
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

What is teaching and learning materials?
• Teaching and learning
materials are also known as
instructional materials.
• Those materials which are
used by the teacher to make
learning more interesting
and understandable.
• It includes active learning
and assessment.
interest & seek
attention
Easy
understanding
Teaching &
Learning
materials
Creates Active
learning

Principles of TLM’S:

Features of TLM’S:
• Self-explanatory
• Self-contained
• Self-directed
• Self-motivating
• Self-evaluating
• Self-learning

Need And Significance Of TLM’S:
TLM
clarity
Maximum
sense
Saving time
and effort
Fixing and
recalling
knowledge
Individual
differences
Direct
experiences

Types of TLM’S:
1.Teacher made materials
• Charts
• Flashcards
• Working model
• Flow chart
• Booklet
2.Mechanical or available
materials
• Newspaper and magazines
• Encyclopedia
• Audio resources
• Visual resources
• Internet

1.A.CHARTS:
A chart is a group of related facts
presented in the form of a diagram,
table, graph or other visually
organized model.
Advantages:
 Tells the content at a glance.
 It is Convenient, economical and
efficient.
 It captures attention.
 Used for drill and revision.
Disadvantages:
 Cannot show movement.
 Some tasks are difficult to
represent in chart.

1.B.FLASHCARDS:
A flash card is essentially a note card with
a question on one side and the
corresponding answer on the other side.
Advantages:
 It can be used to review the content.
 Used to develop cognitive recognition
and recall of students.
Disadvantages:
 Some lexical fields that cannot be
illustrated through flashcards.
 They can become boring when using
repeatedly.
 If and any alteration is made then it
may be redrawn.

1.C.WORKING MODEL:
It is a model of a machine which can
do on a small scale and the work
which the machine itself does, or is
expected to do.
Advantages:
 It provides an interactive student
engagement.
 It enhances student’s thinking
abilities.
 Used to learn graphing, statistics
and computational skills.
Disadvantages:
 Cost to implement and maintain.
 Requires more attention and
understanding.
 Resource consumption.

1.D.FLOWCHART:
It’s a graphical representation of student’s
thinking processes. It allows students to chalk
out their ideas and thoughts in a logical and
organized fashion.
Advantages:
 Easy to assess information.
 Creates interest.
 Increased retention of information.
 Robust information storage.
Disadvantages:
 Some tasks are difficult to represent.
 People need to understand what the
symbols exactly mean.

1.E.BOOKLET:
A very short book with paper covers that
usually contains information on one
particular subject.
Advantages:
It can hold an lot of information.
Multipurpose teaching learning material.
More affordable.
Very cheap and simple.
Disadvantages:
Group learning can’t be achieved.
Planing, writing and designing the leaflets
requires lot of time, effort, men and
money.

2.A.NEWSPAPERS & MAGAZINES:
Newspapers are called the living textbooks. It a
rice source of information. It communicates
authentic information immediately.
Advantages:
 Make learning fun.
 Extremely flexible and adaptable.
 Enhance reading habits.
 It can be cut marked, clipped, pasted.
Disadvantages:
 Very short life span.
 Poor production quality.
 Reach primarily limited to local market.

2.B.ENCYCLOPAEDIA:
An encyclopaedia is a reference book or
compendium providing summaries of
knowledge either from all branches or from
a particular field or discipline.
Advantages:
 Easy to use and learn.
 People located in different parts of the
world can work on the same document.
 Provide Updated information.
Disadvantages:
 No confidential documentation.
 Open to spam and vandalism.
 Requires internet connectivity.

2.C.AUDIO RESOURCES:
Radio talk, Audio tapes and DVD’S and CD’S
enhance teachers ability to present the
lesson in simple effective and easy to
understand for students.
Advantages:
 Covers huge audience.
 Society development and health
aspects.
 Documentaries on agriculture and
health.
Disadvantages:
 Bad weather cause signal problems.
 No repetition of information.
 Need to adjust frequency.
 Requires attentive audience.

2.D.VISUAL RESOURCES:
Pictures, charts, posters, graphs,
flashcards, models etc enhance teachers
to present the lesson in simple, effective
and easy to understand for students.
Advantages:
 Makes learning permanent.
 Helps to develop student teacher
relationship.
 Covers huge audience.
Disadvantages:
 No two way communication.
 Slow learners cannot cope with it.
 Sometimes visual became a
distraction.

2.E.INTERNET:
Internet is the large system of
connected computers around the world
that allows people to share information
and communicate with each other.
Advantages:
 It helps develop and improve
reading, writing, research and
language skills.
 Exciting outlet for artistic expression.
 Provides information about every
topic imaginable.
Disadvantages:
 No face to face contact.
 Loss of immediacy.
 Poor computer literacy.

CONCLUSION:
Each teaching aid has its own characteristics and function. Some teaching
aids are more effective than others. So the teacher should be careful to choose the
most appropriate aid that best serve the teaching purpose. Teaching aids are
corner stones in the teaching process which help conduce to the improvement of
teaching and learning.using suitable teaching aids empowers teachers to cultivate
interest in students.
“A GOOD AID IS LIKE A WINDOW,
IT SHOULD NOT CALL ATTENTION TO ITSELF.
IT SHOULD JUST LET IN THE LIGHT”

REFERENCES:
1. https://study.com/academy/lesson/instructional-materials-definition-examples-
evaluation.html
2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322368912_THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_INSTRUCTION
AL_MATERIALS_IN_OUR_SCHOOLS_AN_OVERVIEW
3. https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-of-using-instructional-materials
4. https://www.slideshare.net/MarianneBeltran/types-and-characteristics-of-instructional-
materials
5. http://www.bchmsg.yolasite.com/a-chart.php
6. http://www.bchmsg.yolasite.com/flash-card.php
7. https://scienceonline.tki.org.nz/Teaching-science/Teaching-strategies/Teaching-with-models
8. http://www.lisbdnet.com/importance-internet-teaching-learning-process/
9. https://teachingcommons.lakeheadu.ca/index.php/when-use-audio-resources-teaching
10. https://www.youcubed.org/resources/visual-math-improves-math-performance/
11. https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/bible/bible-general/teaching
12. https://www.edrawsoft.com/flowchart-for-teaching.html

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
• I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my PRINCIPAL MAM, A.O MAM
AND ALL THE STAFF MEMBERS who gave me this golden opportunity to do this
wonderful presentation on the topic TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS,
which also helped me in doing a lot of research and I came to know about so
many new things.
• I specially thank my maths professor MR.SHOBAN PRABHU SIR who helped and
motivated me to do this project in an effective way.
• Secondly I thank my friends MRS.JENOVA AND MRS.ARCHANA for motivated me
to complete this presentation on time.
Thank you one and all…

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

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