In this presentation on Primary/Secondary Optics and Measurements, we will review various primary optic designs for OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Solid State Lighting LEDs and discuss resources for choosing secondary optics.
This document provides an introduction to lasers and their applications. It begins with recommended textbooks on the subject, then provides a chart showing the laser spectrum and examples of different laser types and their wavelengths. The remainder of the document discusses the basic components and functioning of lasers, including the gain medium that provides stimulated emission, the pump source to create population inversion, and the optical cavity formed by mirrors. It also provides brief histories of the development of masers and the first ruby laser.
This document discusses polarization of light. There are three types of polarized light: plane polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light. Plane polarized light has vibrations confined to a definite plane. Circularly polarized light results from the superposition of two plane polarized light waves with a phase difference of π/2, giving a constant magnitude vector that varies in orientation. Elliptically polarized light results from two plane polarized waves with different amplitudes and a phase difference of π/2, giving a varying magnitude and orientation vector. Polarized light can be produced through reflection, refraction, selective absorption, scattering, and double refraction. Polarizers, quarter wave plates, and half wave plates are used
In this presentation on Radiometry and Photometry we will look at Radiometry, the detection and measurement of radiation across the full electromagnetic spectrum, including ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation. Photometry is concerned only with the visible portion of the spectrum, from about 380 to 780 nanometers.
The document provides an overview of lasers, including:
1. It defines what a laser is, describing the acronym LASER and how lasers emit a useful form of light energy.
2. It discusses the history and development of lasers, including milestones such as the first laser built in 1960 and early medical uses starting in 1963.
3. It describes the key principles and components of how lasers work, including stimulated emission, the pumping system, and optical cavity that contains the lasing medium.
Polarized light occurs when light vibrates in a single plane. Unpolarized light vibrates in multiple planes. Polarized light can be created through reflection, selective absorption using polarizing materials, and double refraction using crystals like calcite. Nicol prisms and waveplates are optical devices that use crystals like calcite to produce polarized light by selectively transmitting one vibration plane over another or changing the phase of vibration planes. Optical activity describes how chiral molecules rotate the plane of polarized light passing through them due to interactions between light and molecules.
The document discusses polarization of light, including:
1) Natural or unpolarized light consists of randomly oriented electromagnetic waves from many emitters. Monochromatic planar waves can be linearly, circularly, or elliptically polarized depending on their wave properties.
2) Several methods can achieve polarization, including dichroism via materials that selectively absorb certain orientations, scattering, reflection using Brewster's angle, and birefringence in crystals.
3) Key polarization components are described like polarizers using dichroic materials, wire grids, reflection, and birefringent prisms made of crystals like calcite or quartz. Polarization ellipses represent the tip trajectory of the oscillating electric field
This document provides an introduction to lasers and their applications. It begins with recommended textbooks on the subject, then provides a chart showing the laser spectrum and examples of different laser types and their wavelengths. The remainder of the document discusses the basic components and functioning of lasers, including the gain medium that provides stimulated emission, the pump source to create population inversion, and the optical cavity formed by mirrors. It also provides brief histories of the development of masers and the first ruby laser.
This document discusses polarization of light. There are three types of polarized light: plane polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light. Plane polarized light has vibrations confined to a definite plane. Circularly polarized light results from the superposition of two plane polarized light waves with a phase difference of π/2, giving a constant magnitude vector that varies in orientation. Elliptically polarized light results from two plane polarized waves with different amplitudes and a phase difference of π/2, giving a varying magnitude and orientation vector. Polarized light can be produced through reflection, refraction, selective absorption, scattering, and double refraction. Polarizers, quarter wave plates, and half wave plates are used
In this presentation on Radiometry and Photometry we will look at Radiometry, the detection and measurement of radiation across the full electromagnetic spectrum, including ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation. Photometry is concerned only with the visible portion of the spectrum, from about 380 to 780 nanometers.
The document provides an overview of lasers, including:
1. It defines what a laser is, describing the acronym LASER and how lasers emit a useful form of light energy.
2. It discusses the history and development of lasers, including milestones such as the first laser built in 1960 and early medical uses starting in 1963.
3. It describes the key principles and components of how lasers work, including stimulated emission, the pumping system, and optical cavity that contains the lasing medium.
Polarized light occurs when light vibrates in a single plane. Unpolarized light vibrates in multiple planes. Polarized light can be created through reflection, selective absorption using polarizing materials, and double refraction using crystals like calcite. Nicol prisms and waveplates are optical devices that use crystals like calcite to produce polarized light by selectively transmitting one vibration plane over another or changing the phase of vibration planes. Optical activity describes how chiral molecules rotate the plane of polarized light passing through them due to interactions between light and molecules.
The document discusses polarization of light, including:
1) Natural or unpolarized light consists of randomly oriented electromagnetic waves from many emitters. Monochromatic planar waves can be linearly, circularly, or elliptically polarized depending on their wave properties.
2) Several methods can achieve polarization, including dichroism via materials that selectively absorb certain orientations, scattering, reflection using Brewster's angle, and birefringence in crystals.
3) Key polarization components are described like polarizers using dichroic materials, wire grids, reflection, and birefringent prisms made of crystals like calcite or quartz. Polarization ellipses represent the tip trajectory of the oscillating electric field
The document discusses mesopic vision and its importance in lighting design. It describes the three states of human eye response - scotopic, mesopic, and photopic. Mesopic vision occurs at low light levels, between scotopic and photopic, and the eye has a peak sensitivity to light in the blue-green region of the spectrum. This mesopic effect is quantified using the S/P ratio and effective luminance factor (ELF). Considering mesopic vision can improve the efficacy of LED lighting systems compared to high pressure sodium lamps, with energy savings for street lighting applications. Tables show typical S/P ratios and ELF values are affected by light source spectrum.
This document discusses the definition, types, classes, and applications of lasers. It begins by defining lasers as light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. It describes the three main types of lasers based on coherence and directionality: many wavelengths that are multidirectional and incoherent; monochromatic, directional, and coherent; and single wavelength, directional beams. It then covers the fundamentals of laser operation, types based on material used, classes based on biological damage caused, and typical emission wavelengths. Applications discussed include medicine, welding, cutting, surveying, communication, garment industry, data storage, holography, spectroscopy, heat treatment, barcoding, printing, cooling, and military uses.
The document summarizes the history and development of blue LEDs. It discusses how blue LEDs were invented in the early 1990s by Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura, which allowed white light to be created in a new way using red, green, and blue LEDs. It then explains how gallium nitride is used to create blue LEDs and describes the circuit diagram and applications of blue LEDs, which include status lights, indicators, and illumination due to their energy efficiency compared to other light sources.
This document discusses the Shockley-Queisser limit, which describes the maximum theoretical efficiency of around 33.7% for a single p-n junction solar cell. It outlines approaches that can exceed this limit, including multi-junction solar cells that use multiple semiconductor materials to capture more energy from sunlight, concentrating sunlight to increase efficiency, using multiple exciton generation in quantum dots to produce multiple electron-hole pairs from one photon, and up-conversion or down-conversion of photons to better match the solar spectrum to the materials' bandgaps.
The document discusses various topics related to lasers including pumping processes, laser safety rules, optical pumping, transverse and longitudinal modes, and types of lasers. It explains that pumping involves transferring energy into the gain medium of a laser to produce population inversion allowing for stimulated emission. Optical pumping was developed in the 1950s by Alfred Kastler and involves using light to excite electrons. Common pump sources include laser diodes and flash lamps. Lasers have transverse and longitudinal modes that determine the emission spectrum. Different types of lasers discussed include gas dynamic lasers, chemical lasers, and TEM microscopes.
The document discusses polarization of light and its properties. Some key points:
- Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave, with the electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation.
- Polarized light has its oscillations confined to a single plane, while unpolarized light has random oscillations in all planes. Polarizers allow light polarized in one direction to pass through.
- Polarization occurs through selective absorption, scattering, or reflection. Polarizing sunglasses reduce glare by blocking horizontally polarized light reflected from surfaces like water.
- The sky appears blue due to scattering of blue wavelengths of light by air molecules, while sunsets appear red as longer wavelengths penetrate further through the atmosphere.
The document discusses lasers, providing details on:
1. How lasers work through the process of stimulated emission of radiation, using a pumping mechanism to create population inversion in the active medium.
2. The key characteristics of laser light being monochromatic, coherent, and highly directional.
3. Examples of common laser types like Ruby and Nd:YAG lasers, describing their construction and working.
4. Applications of lasers in various fields like industry, medicine, communication, and more.
Spectacles consist of lenses held in a frame that extends towards the ears. The frame holds the lenses and comes in various materials like plastic, metal, and nylon. Lenses can be made of glass or plastics like CR-39, polycarbonate and Trivex. Lens forms include flat lenses, curved lenses like meniscus and toric lenses. Spectacles can be single vision, bifocal, trifocal or progressive. Additional lens features include coatings like anti-reflective, scratch-resistant, UV and photochromic coatings.
1. A laser works by stimulating the emission of coherent light through a process called stimulated emission.
2. Atoms in a lasing medium are excited to a higher energy level through an external energy source, creating a population inversion where there are more excited atoms than unexcited atoms.
3. When an excited atom spontaneously decays and emits a photon, that photon can stimulate the emission of another photon of the same wavelength, phase, and direction, producing an amplified, coherent beam of light.
POLARIZATION OF LIGHT - BIREFRINGENCE AND HUYGEN'S THEORY OF DOUBLE REFRACTIONAnuroop Ashok
Huygen's theory of double refraction explains the phenomenon of birefringence in crystals like calcite. According to the theory:
- Each point in a birefringent crystal produces two types of wavefronts - a spherical wavefront for the ordinary ray and an ellipsoidal wavefront for the extraordinary ray.
- The shape of the wavefronts depends on whether the crystal is negative or positive. In negative crystals like calcite, the extraordinary wavefront is outside the ordinary wavefront, while in positive crystals it is inside.
- Huygen's principle treats each point on a wavefront as a secondary source of spherical wavelets, and the envelope of these wavelets makes up the
The document summarizes the history and science behind lasers. It discusses how the laser was first conceived in the 1950s and built in 1960. It then explains the basic components of a laser including an energy input source and a gain medium that produces stimulated emission when pumped with energy. Examples of common laser types and materials are provided. Applications of lasers in spectroscopy, surgery, and distance measurements to the moon are also mentioned.
Photochromic lenses are lenses that darken when exposed to UV light and lighten when UV light is removed. They were originally made of glass with silver chemicals but now use organic molecules. Modern photochromic lenses can offer different levels of sun protection and transition speeds. While they provide adaptive sun protection, they have some disadvantages like not changing immediately and not working as well in cars. Drivewear lenses were developed for driving. Photochromic lenses can benefit children by protecting their eyes from UV exposure. Popular photochromic brands include Transitions and Reactolite, with Transitions being the fastest reacting. Eyekit.co offers Transitions Signature VII and Transitions XTRActive photochromic lenses.
Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal evolution of the light field in the laser. It is also concerned with the physics of laser beam propagation, particularly the physics of Gaussian beams, with laser applications, and with associated fields such as non-linear optics and quantum optics.
The document analyzes three production spotlights (TIR lenses) and compares their performance to equivalent Eco-TIR lenses designed using BrightBurst's Eco-Lens design system. Simulation results show the Eco-TIR lenses produce brighter, more uniform illuminance distributions with no hotspots compared to the production lenses, increasing brightness by up to 2.7 times. The Eco-TIR lenses achieve superior performance using simpler, single-sided injection molded designs compared to production lenses which use additional complex lens features and diffusion.
1) Lasers were first theorized in 1917 and the first working laser was developed in 1960.
2) Lasers work through a process of absorption, stimulated emission, and light amplification that produces a coherent, monochromatic beam of light.
3) Common types of lasers include solid state lasers like ruby lasers, gas lasers like helium-neon lasers, and semiconductor lasers. Lasers have a wide variety of applications in fields like engineering, medicine, science, and the military.
1. The document discusses optical properties of semiconductors when exposed to electromagnetic radiation like light.
2. It explains concepts like absorption, reflection, transmission and emission spectra that can be obtained from materials and how they provide information about electronic band structures.
3. Key optical phenomena discussed include photon absorption promoting electrons from the valence to conduction band if the photon energy exceeds the semiconductor bandgap, and the interaction of light with materials leading to processes like reflection, refraction, scattering and dispersion.
This document contains the agenda for a presentation on polarization. It lists the names of 6 group members and their student IDs. It then covers several key concepts in polarization, including Brewster's law, Malus's law, polarization by double refraction using Iceland spar, Nicol prisms, polarimeters, optical activity, and includes figures to illustrate these concepts. The document provides an overview of the topics to be covered in the presentation.
The document discusses the principles and properties of lasers. It begins by defining what a laser is, explaining that it stands for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". It then covers the basic principle of how atoms absorb and emit photons at specific wavelengths, and the three processes that can occur in a laser medium: stimulated absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission. The document emphasizes that population inversion is needed to favor stimulated emission over absorption, and that pumping is required to create this inversion. It also outlines the key components of a laser and some common laser types and their wavelengths.
This document provides information about lasers and their use in ophthalmology. It begins with definitions of laser and its acronym. It then discusses the history and development of lasers from 1917 to present. The key properties and mechanisms of laser light production are described. Common types of ophthalmic lasers and their applications are outlined, including Nd:YAG, excimer, and diode lasers used for conditions like glaucoma, refractive error correction, and retinal diseases. The laser-tissue interaction mechanisms of thermal, photochemical and ionizing effects are summarized. The document concludes with sections on laser instrumentation and delivery systems and specific laser procedures in ophthalmology.
Los LED están hechos de una variedad de elementos químicos como nitrógeno, boro, carbono, aluminio, silicio, fósforo, galio, arsénico e indio. Los primeros LED usaban sustratos de GaP que absorbían luz, pero fueron reemplazados por sustratos de GaAs que son más transparentes y ayudan a emitir más luz. Los LED pueden producir luz de diferentes colores dependiendo de los compuestos utilizados, como el GaP para LED rojos o verdes.
This document discusses designing lighting fixtures with tertiary optics in mind. It begins by defining primary, secondary, and tertiary optics. Examples are given of fixtures that use secondary optics to collimate light and tertiary optics to diffuse it into the desired beam angle. The benefits of this "collimate then diffuse" approach are outlined as reduced costs, flexibility, and cleaner light distribution. Different formats for tertiary diffusers like thin films, thick substrates, and injection molding are described. The document concludes by mentioning modeling and simulation tools that can be used to design with surface diffusers.
The document discusses mesopic vision and its importance in lighting design. It describes the three states of human eye response - scotopic, mesopic, and photopic. Mesopic vision occurs at low light levels, between scotopic and photopic, and the eye has a peak sensitivity to light in the blue-green region of the spectrum. This mesopic effect is quantified using the S/P ratio and effective luminance factor (ELF). Considering mesopic vision can improve the efficacy of LED lighting systems compared to high pressure sodium lamps, with energy savings for street lighting applications. Tables show typical S/P ratios and ELF values are affected by light source spectrum.
This document discusses the definition, types, classes, and applications of lasers. It begins by defining lasers as light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. It describes the three main types of lasers based on coherence and directionality: many wavelengths that are multidirectional and incoherent; monochromatic, directional, and coherent; and single wavelength, directional beams. It then covers the fundamentals of laser operation, types based on material used, classes based on biological damage caused, and typical emission wavelengths. Applications discussed include medicine, welding, cutting, surveying, communication, garment industry, data storage, holography, spectroscopy, heat treatment, barcoding, printing, cooling, and military uses.
The document summarizes the history and development of blue LEDs. It discusses how blue LEDs were invented in the early 1990s by Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura, which allowed white light to be created in a new way using red, green, and blue LEDs. It then explains how gallium nitride is used to create blue LEDs and describes the circuit diagram and applications of blue LEDs, which include status lights, indicators, and illumination due to their energy efficiency compared to other light sources.
This document discusses the Shockley-Queisser limit, which describes the maximum theoretical efficiency of around 33.7% for a single p-n junction solar cell. It outlines approaches that can exceed this limit, including multi-junction solar cells that use multiple semiconductor materials to capture more energy from sunlight, concentrating sunlight to increase efficiency, using multiple exciton generation in quantum dots to produce multiple electron-hole pairs from one photon, and up-conversion or down-conversion of photons to better match the solar spectrum to the materials' bandgaps.
The document discusses various topics related to lasers including pumping processes, laser safety rules, optical pumping, transverse and longitudinal modes, and types of lasers. It explains that pumping involves transferring energy into the gain medium of a laser to produce population inversion allowing for stimulated emission. Optical pumping was developed in the 1950s by Alfred Kastler and involves using light to excite electrons. Common pump sources include laser diodes and flash lamps. Lasers have transverse and longitudinal modes that determine the emission spectrum. Different types of lasers discussed include gas dynamic lasers, chemical lasers, and TEM microscopes.
The document discusses polarization of light and its properties. Some key points:
- Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave, with the electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation.
- Polarized light has its oscillations confined to a single plane, while unpolarized light has random oscillations in all planes. Polarizers allow light polarized in one direction to pass through.
- Polarization occurs through selective absorption, scattering, or reflection. Polarizing sunglasses reduce glare by blocking horizontally polarized light reflected from surfaces like water.
- The sky appears blue due to scattering of blue wavelengths of light by air molecules, while sunsets appear red as longer wavelengths penetrate further through the atmosphere.
The document discusses lasers, providing details on:
1. How lasers work through the process of stimulated emission of radiation, using a pumping mechanism to create population inversion in the active medium.
2. The key characteristics of laser light being monochromatic, coherent, and highly directional.
3. Examples of common laser types like Ruby and Nd:YAG lasers, describing their construction and working.
4. Applications of lasers in various fields like industry, medicine, communication, and more.
Spectacles consist of lenses held in a frame that extends towards the ears. The frame holds the lenses and comes in various materials like plastic, metal, and nylon. Lenses can be made of glass or plastics like CR-39, polycarbonate and Trivex. Lens forms include flat lenses, curved lenses like meniscus and toric lenses. Spectacles can be single vision, bifocal, trifocal or progressive. Additional lens features include coatings like anti-reflective, scratch-resistant, UV and photochromic coatings.
1. A laser works by stimulating the emission of coherent light through a process called stimulated emission.
2. Atoms in a lasing medium are excited to a higher energy level through an external energy source, creating a population inversion where there are more excited atoms than unexcited atoms.
3. When an excited atom spontaneously decays and emits a photon, that photon can stimulate the emission of another photon of the same wavelength, phase, and direction, producing an amplified, coherent beam of light.
POLARIZATION OF LIGHT - BIREFRINGENCE AND HUYGEN'S THEORY OF DOUBLE REFRACTIONAnuroop Ashok
Huygen's theory of double refraction explains the phenomenon of birefringence in crystals like calcite. According to the theory:
- Each point in a birefringent crystal produces two types of wavefronts - a spherical wavefront for the ordinary ray and an ellipsoidal wavefront for the extraordinary ray.
- The shape of the wavefronts depends on whether the crystal is negative or positive. In negative crystals like calcite, the extraordinary wavefront is outside the ordinary wavefront, while in positive crystals it is inside.
- Huygen's principle treats each point on a wavefront as a secondary source of spherical wavelets, and the envelope of these wavelets makes up the
The document summarizes the history and science behind lasers. It discusses how the laser was first conceived in the 1950s and built in 1960. It then explains the basic components of a laser including an energy input source and a gain medium that produces stimulated emission when pumped with energy. Examples of common laser types and materials are provided. Applications of lasers in spectroscopy, surgery, and distance measurements to the moon are also mentioned.
Photochromic lenses are lenses that darken when exposed to UV light and lighten when UV light is removed. They were originally made of glass with silver chemicals but now use organic molecules. Modern photochromic lenses can offer different levels of sun protection and transition speeds. While they provide adaptive sun protection, they have some disadvantages like not changing immediately and not working as well in cars. Drivewear lenses were developed for driving. Photochromic lenses can benefit children by protecting their eyes from UV exposure. Popular photochromic brands include Transitions and Reactolite, with Transitions being the fastest reacting. Eyekit.co offers Transitions Signature VII and Transitions XTRActive photochromic lenses.
Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal evolution of the light field in the laser. It is also concerned with the physics of laser beam propagation, particularly the physics of Gaussian beams, with laser applications, and with associated fields such as non-linear optics and quantum optics.
The document analyzes three production spotlights (TIR lenses) and compares their performance to equivalent Eco-TIR lenses designed using BrightBurst's Eco-Lens design system. Simulation results show the Eco-TIR lenses produce brighter, more uniform illuminance distributions with no hotspots compared to the production lenses, increasing brightness by up to 2.7 times. The Eco-TIR lenses achieve superior performance using simpler, single-sided injection molded designs compared to production lenses which use additional complex lens features and diffusion.
1) Lasers were first theorized in 1917 and the first working laser was developed in 1960.
2) Lasers work through a process of absorption, stimulated emission, and light amplification that produces a coherent, monochromatic beam of light.
3) Common types of lasers include solid state lasers like ruby lasers, gas lasers like helium-neon lasers, and semiconductor lasers. Lasers have a wide variety of applications in fields like engineering, medicine, science, and the military.
1. The document discusses optical properties of semiconductors when exposed to electromagnetic radiation like light.
2. It explains concepts like absorption, reflection, transmission and emission spectra that can be obtained from materials and how they provide information about electronic band structures.
3. Key optical phenomena discussed include photon absorption promoting electrons from the valence to conduction band if the photon energy exceeds the semiconductor bandgap, and the interaction of light with materials leading to processes like reflection, refraction, scattering and dispersion.
This document contains the agenda for a presentation on polarization. It lists the names of 6 group members and their student IDs. It then covers several key concepts in polarization, including Brewster's law, Malus's law, polarization by double refraction using Iceland spar, Nicol prisms, polarimeters, optical activity, and includes figures to illustrate these concepts. The document provides an overview of the topics to be covered in the presentation.
The document discusses the principles and properties of lasers. It begins by defining what a laser is, explaining that it stands for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". It then covers the basic principle of how atoms absorb and emit photons at specific wavelengths, and the three processes that can occur in a laser medium: stimulated absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission. The document emphasizes that population inversion is needed to favor stimulated emission over absorption, and that pumping is required to create this inversion. It also outlines the key components of a laser and some common laser types and their wavelengths.
This document provides information about lasers and their use in ophthalmology. It begins with definitions of laser and its acronym. It then discusses the history and development of lasers from 1917 to present. The key properties and mechanisms of laser light production are described. Common types of ophthalmic lasers and their applications are outlined, including Nd:YAG, excimer, and diode lasers used for conditions like glaucoma, refractive error correction, and retinal diseases. The laser-tissue interaction mechanisms of thermal, photochemical and ionizing effects are summarized. The document concludes with sections on laser instrumentation and delivery systems and specific laser procedures in ophthalmology.
Los LED están hechos de una variedad de elementos químicos como nitrógeno, boro, carbono, aluminio, silicio, fósforo, galio, arsénico e indio. Los primeros LED usaban sustratos de GaP que absorbían luz, pero fueron reemplazados por sustratos de GaAs que son más transparentes y ayudan a emitir más luz. Los LED pueden producir luz de diferentes colores dependiendo de los compuestos utilizados, como el GaP para LED rojos o verdes.
This document discusses designing lighting fixtures with tertiary optics in mind. It begins by defining primary, secondary, and tertiary optics. Examples are given of fixtures that use secondary optics to collimate light and tertiary optics to diffuse it into the desired beam angle. The benefits of this "collimate then diffuse" approach are outlined as reduced costs, flexibility, and cleaner light distribution. Different formats for tertiary diffusers like thin films, thick substrates, and injection molding are described. The document concludes by mentioning modeling and simulation tools that can be used to design with surface diffusers.
This short document describes turning a light on and off by clicking a switch. It provides an example of what the term "LIGHT" refers to by mentioning turning a light off and then back on again with a switch. The light is used as a demonstration of controlling something with the flip of a switch.
OSRAM is one of the largest lighting manufacturers in the world with 46 factories across 17 countries. It employs over 39,000 people globally. The company produces lamps for applications like video projectors, televisions, and microscopes. OSRAM offers internships for students and supports new graduates with job opportunities abroad and benefits. It prioritizes environmental protection in its operations. The interview document outlines OSRAM's requirements for language skills and driving licenses depending on roles. Benefits include transportation subsidies, accommodation assistance, and 5 weeks of annual paid leave.
This document provides product details for the Philips Linea 31093 TrunkLinea 4W 3000K wall light. It is an LED batten cove light that is shadow-free, connectable up to 12 pieces, and has a lifespan of up to 20,000 hours. It is easy to install and provides energy savings compared to traditional lighting options.
Philips hue – your personal wireless lighting systemNg Mark
Philips Hue is a personal wireless lighting system that allows users to control home lighting wirelessly. The system uses wireless bulbs and fixtures that can be controlled remotely through a smartphone app or voice commands, allowing for setting moods, scenes, and automations. Users can adjust lights for activities throughout the day or create the right ambiance for entertaining and relaxing at home.
The document discusses the benefits of proper, health-centric lighting that dynamically changes throughout the day similar to natural light. It introduces SVET lighting, which provides a full spectrum of light, no flickering, dynamic lighting scenarios, and biological safety. SVET lighting aims to improve health, well-being, sleep quality, and productivity by emitting the right light at the right time of day similar to how light occurs in nature.
Los LED están hechos de una variedad de elementos químicos como boro, nitrógeno, aluminio, silicio, fósforo, galio, germanio, arsénico e indio. El color que producen depende de la combinación de estos elementos en el material, por ejemplo el galio fosfuro (GaP) se usa para LED rojos o verdes.
Philips is acquiring Agilent's 47% stake in Lumileds, increasing its ownership to 96.5% for approximately $950 million. This acquisition will help Philips expand its presence in the high-growth LED market and solidify its leadership position. Lumileds is a leader in high-power LEDs and has shown strong annual growth and profitability. The deal will allow Philips to be involved in all stages of the LED value chain from chip production to final luminaires.
The document discusses designing teams and processes to adapt to changing needs. It recommends structuring teams so members can work within their competencies and across projects fluidly with clear roles and expectations. The design process should support the team and their work, and be flexible enough to change with team, organization, and project needs. An effective team culture builds an environment where members feel free to be themselves, voice opinions, and feel supported.
An immersive workshop at General Assembly, SF. I typically teach this workshop at General Assembly, San Francisco. To see a list of my upcoming classes, visit https://generalassemb.ly/instructors/seth-familian/4813
I also teach this workshop as a private lunch-and-learn or half-day immersive session for corporate clients. To learn more about pricing and availability, please contact me at http://familian1.com
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017Drift
Thinking about your sales team's goals for 2017? Drift's VP of Sales shares 3 things you can do to improve conversion rates and drive more revenue.
Read the full story on the Drift blog here: http://blog.drift.com/sales-team-tips
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
In this presentation on LED Basics we will look at a few topics in semiconductor lighting such as light generation from a semiconductor material, LED chip technology, structure of an LED, creating white light in an LED package and finally some definitions of CCT and CRI.
Versão do seminário apresentado por Celia Olivero (Horiba) na seção UCS do Instituto Nacional de Engenharia de Superfícies no dia 28 de junho para um público de 18 estudantes, professores e profissionais de empresas.
Rosh Electroptics Ltd. is an Israeli company established in 1983 that distributes and markets electro-optics products from various global manufacturers. It carries a wide range of optical components, lasers, fibers, and precision equipment and provides custom optics. The document lists many electro-optics products and manufacturers that Rosh Electroptics represents and distributes in Israel.
Traxon Cove Light AC HO RGB Graze Specificationvalorlighting
The document provides product specifications for the Cove Light AC HO RGB Graze, including:
- It is a slim, AC powered high brightness luminaire controllable via DMX512 for alcove applications.
- It comes in 9 LED and 36 LED models, each producing over 250 lumens and offering 16.7 million colors.
- Key features include a 50-60 degree beam angle, 80,000 hour LED life, and IP40 indoor rating.
Fibre optic lighting uses fibre optic cables to transmit light from a remote light source to precise locations without heat, infrared radiation, or the need for electricity in the fittings. It offers high light quality, colour rendering, and consistency between fittings. The system consists of a light generator, fibre harness, and optional fittings, and it provides easy maintenance, configuration, and integration. Roblon's fibre optic solutions are meticulously documented online for features, photometric data, and more.
OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is a light emitting technology that uses organic compounds to emit light when an electric current is applied. It has advantages over LCD/plasma like higher contrast, thinner displays, and wider viewing angles. There are different types like passive matrix OLED and active matrix OLED. AMOLED is an active matrix OLED used in phones. AMOLED has advantages like true black, faster response time, and can be made flexible/transparent. Popular applications include phones, TVs, and lighting panels.
Laser components epic david andre 22 nov 2012David ANDRE
David Andre of Laser Components gave a presentation on pulsed laser diodes, PIN photodiodes, and avalanche photodiodes. Laser Components produces these photonic sensors at facilities around the world, offering custom products across various wavelengths and specifications. Applications for these sensors include laser range finders, automotive uses, industrial applications, lidar, military technology, and weapon simulation.
The document describes laser eyewear and accessories produced by Innovative Optics. It provides details on their C500 multi-coated laser glasses, laser loupes, popular laser frame options, pediatric laser eyewear, patient protection options like goggles and disposables, IPL eyewear, accessories, laser barriers and curtains, and a quick reference chart for laser filters and the visible light transmission and optical density for common medical lasers.
JTOPTICS offers MPO trunk patch cables as a time-saving and cost-effective solution for high-density fiber patching in data centers. Specifically designed for applications requiring space efficiency and reduced cable management complexities, the MPO trunk type is suitable for 40G QSFP+ SR4/CSR4, 100G QSFP28 SR4/PSM4, 400G SR4/DR4, optics direct connection, and high-density data center scenarios.
These MPO trunk cables come pre-terminated, tested, and packaged with accompanying test reports, ensuring reliability and performance. Featuring Japanese MT ferrules and JTOPTICS brand connector kits, these cables are constructed with high-quality components. The trunk cable assemblies consist of LSZH/OFNP jacketed fiber optic cables, providing durability and flexibility for various installation environments.
Features of the 12-fiber MPO trunk cable include:
1. Exceptional Performance in Insertion Loss (IL) and Return Loss (RL)
2. Minimal Insertion Loss for Enhanced Signal Integrity
3. Rigorous 100% 3D Testing to Ensure Reliability
4. Compliance with ANSI/TIA-568-C.3, IEEE 802.3ba Standards, and Adherence to ANSI/TIA-942 Guidelines
5. Conformity to MPO/MTP Interface Specifications
6. Integration of Corning Bend Insensitive Fiber with a Minimum Bend Radius for Optimal Flexibility.
Traxon Cove Light AC HO RGB Graze Specificationvalorlighting
The Cove Light AC HO RGB Graze is a slim profile, AC line powered
high brightness luminaire. The luminaire is controllable via DMX512 and
perfect for alcove applications. The simplicity of the luminaire’s topology
means it can be simply daisy-chained to form long runs.
Traxon Cove Light AC HO RGBW Specificationvalorlighting
The Cove Light AC HO RGB Graze is a slim profile, AC line powered high brightness luminaire. The luminaire is controllable via DMX512 and perfect for alcove applications. The simplicity of the luminaire’s topology means it can be simply daisy-chained to form long runs.
This document discusses OLED (organic light emitting diode) technology. It begins by defining an OLED as a light emitting diode with an electroluminescent layer made of organic compounds. It then explains how OLEDs work by describing the layers involved and the electron movement that causes light emission. Different types of OLEDs are listed including passive matrix, active matrix, and transparent. Advantages over LCD/plasma like thinner size and better contrast are provided. The document also discusses AMOLED technology used in phones, its types including Super AMOLED, and examples of devices that use AMOLED displays. Finally, potential applications of OLED/AMOLED technology in TVs, devices screens, and lighting are
Latest Developments in Light Sources and Control EquipmentEngineers Australia
Peter Portelli discusses the latest developments in light sources and control equipment from OSRAM Australia. OSRAM activities span general lighting, automotive lighting, ballasts and luminaires, display/optic light sources, opto semiconductors, LED systems, production machinery, and production management and components (PM&C). Present trends prioritize smaller luminaires, energy efficiency, lighting controls, and color quality. Influences include bans on incandescent lamps and regulations on efficiency. New technologies discussed include LEDs, compact fluorescents, high-intensity discharge lamps, and control gear developments.
A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It contains a p-n junction and works by absorbing photons which generate electron-hole pairs, producing a current when the pairs are separated by the junction's built-in electric field. Photodiodes can operate in photovoltaic, photoconductive, or avalanche modes and are used in various applications including optical communications, lighting controls, and medical devices to analyze samples. Common types include PN, Schottky, and PIN photodiodes made from materials like silicon, germanium, or indium gallium arsenide to detect different wavelength ranges.
Avante Technology & Services Sdn Bhd is a semiconductor packaging and assembly company founded in 1999 in Singapore. It provides services including semiconductor packaging, optoelectronics packaging, PCB manufacturing, and solar cell manufacturing. The company has offices in Singapore, Malaysia, and Shanghai. Its customers include major semiconductor companies and its suppliers provide equipment and materials for various semiconductor processes.
Telecommunication-grade patch cords are specifically crafted for low-loss telecommunication applications. These cords offer flexible interconnections for active equipment, passive optical devices, and cross-connects. JTOPTICS Fiber patch cords are concluded with high-quality zirconia ferrule connectors, ensuring premium transmission quality and minimizing optical power loss.
JTOPTICS patch cables strictly adhere to industry standards, including IEC 62005, BS-EN 61754, IEC 61300, and Telcordia GR-326-CORE. Specifically designed to meet the requirements of Telecom and Data Center applications, these cables are offered in OM3, OM4, OM5, or OS2 fiber types. Rigorous parameter testing is conducted on each terminator to ensure exceptional network performance and reliability.
Key Features:
Improved optical performance to meet telecom requirements.
Fire-resistant cable with IEC 60332-3-24 fire performance
Compliance with IEC, EIA/TIA, and Telcordia standards
Adherence to RoHS, REACH, and SvHC regulations
Utilization of high-quality connectors and Zirconia Ceramic Ferrule
Low insertion loss and high return loss for optimal performance
JTOPTICS introduces the High-Quality 2F and 4F CS-CS Fiber Patch Cord featuring Senko's innovative CS connector, specifically tailored for Data Centre 400G optimization. Designed to meet the demands of hyperscale DCs undergoing "lightspeed" upgrades, the compact CS Connector not only delivers low insertion and high return loss comparable to existing LC connectors but does so with a significantly reduced footprint.
The Senko CS™ connector, a Very Small Form Factor (VSFF) duplex optical connector, employs 1.25mm ceramic ferrule technology. Its push-pull tabs allow easy insertion and removal in high-density cabling without the need for special tools. Ideal for 200/400/800G data centers requiring space efficiency and reduced cable management challenges.
Key Features:
Enhanced optical performance to meet high-speed telecom requirements
Cable with IEC 60332-3-24 fire performance
IEC, EIA/TIA, and Telcordia compliant
RoHS, REACH, and SvHC compliant
Senko CS connectors with Zirconia Ceramic Ferrule
Low insertion loss and high return loss
The CS connector fulfills the requirements for 2x100G/200G CWDM4 transceivers, supporting two pairs of TX/RX. CS Cable Assembly is designed to accommodate next-generation 200/400 Gbps QSFP-DD and OSFP transceivers, ensuring optimized performance and compliance with TIA 604 (FOCIS), IEC 61754, and YD/T industry standards.
Visit WWW.JTOPTICS.COM for more information.
Norton lanseeraa uuden napalaikkojen valikoiman, joka sopii erityisesti valimoiden käyttöön. Uudet Norton NorZon Q-Soft laikat on tarkoitettu teräksen ja valukappaleiden hiontaan ja puhdistukseen.
Similar to Primary and Secondary Optics: LED Fundamentals (20)
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors presents How to Read a Datasheet Part 1 of 2 - Typical/Maximum Characteristics and Binning as part of the LED Fundamentals section on the LED Light Site. In this presentation we examine the key parameters specified on the first half of an LED datasheet from OSRAM Opto Semiconductors. The datasheet captures some of the most important technical characteristics of an LED. These include electrical, optical and thermal quantities, knowledge of which is paramount for an LED system design. Also, it has information on ordering codes, labeling and packaging of the LEDs. Fan us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OSRAMLEDLight and visit our website for more information http://ledlight.osram-os.com/
In this presentation we will look at the differences between optical and lighting software, when each type of software should be used, and appropriate light source models for each software type.
In this presentation we will look at thermal interface materials, influencing factors for heat sink selection, and steps to identify the right heat sink for an LED system design.
In this presentation on Driving LEDs — AC-DC Power Supplies we will look at the typical circuit structure of AC-DC drivers, the importance of TRIAC dimmability and some standards covering drivers for LED systems.
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There are four main switch mode driver topologies used for LED systems: buck, boost, buck-boost, and flyback. Switch mode drivers are more efficient than discrete component or linear drivers. The presentation discusses the operation and advantages of each topology, including examples of driver ICs in each configuration. SEPIC configuration can regulate output voltage even when input voltage is higher or lower than output. Flyback topology allows for single or multiple outputs and is the most versatile.
In this presentation on Internal Thermal Resistance of LEDs we will look at the definition and significance of internal thermal resistance in LED packages, the path of heat transfer in some OSRAM LED packages, and the calculation of the junction temperature in LEDs.
In this presentation, on Driving LEDs – Resistors and Linear Drivers, we will look at simple resistor based current regulation for LED systems and the use of linear drivers to regulate current in an LED system.
In this presentation on Basics of Heat Transfer we will look at the different modes of heat transfer in an LED system, thermal conductivity of typical materials used in LED system design, and the various thermal resistances involved in an LED system.
In this presentation on LED System Introduction we will look at individual system components. A basic LED system consists of an LED, potentially an LED optic, a thermal system and an LED driver. Learn how to decide on an LED type and the number of LEDs per system.
An LED is a device that emits light when electrically biased. Similar to any electronic component, LEDs also have electrical parameters that need to be taken into consideration when designed into a system.
When light encounters a surface, or travels from one media to another, several interactions are possible. For general lighting, we are typically interested in reflection, transmission, refraction, total internal reflection (which is really a special case of refraction), and absorption.
This document discusses the thermal characteristics of LEDs. It shows that as the junction temperature of an LED increases, its light output decreases, forward voltage drops, color shifts to lower wavelengths, and maximum ratings can be exceeded. The document emphasizes that LED specifications are based on standardized testing conditions, while actual applications may have different thermal environments, so temperature effects must be considered in design.
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Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
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The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
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7. What is Prometheus?
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8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
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9. What is Camel K?
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10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
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11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
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12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
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In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
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Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
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Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
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Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
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2. Primary and Secondary Optics
Definition of Terms
Primary Optics Secondary Optics
Lens integrated into the LED package Optical element separate from LED
Optimized for package
– Light extraction Typically separated from LED by an air gap
– General beam shaping – G could also b fill d b i d
Gap ld l be filled by index
matching material to reduce Fresnel loss
– Or both
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 2
3. OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Primary Optics
Golden DRAGON Plus
Golden DRAGON Oval Plus
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 3
4. OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Primary Optics
OSLON SSL 80
OSLON SSL 150
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 4
6. OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Primary Optics
DURIS E 3
DURIS E 5
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 6
7. Standard Secondary Optics
Lenses and Reflectors for OSRAM Opto Semiconductors SSL LED Products
p
…
LED Light for You Optics Partners Output Beams
Ledil Round Specialty
F
Fraen
– Narrow (< 20°) – Streetlight
Gaggione Polymer Optics
– Medium (20° 40°) – Beacon
Showin Carclo Technical Plastics
– Wide (> 40°) – Other
Baikang Khatod Optoelectronic Srl
Ledlink And others
• Oval
O l
LED Type Supporting Data
DURIS E 3 & E 5 Datasheet
Golden DRAGON Plus IES & Eulumdat file
OSLON SSL 80 CAD file or mechanical drawing
OSLON SSL 150
OSRAM OSTAR Lighting Plus
OSLON Square
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 7
8. Optic Selector Tool at ledlight.osram-os.com
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 8
9. The LED and Your Application
Lumen Apparent Intensity
LED Preferred Applications & Advantages
Output Source Size Distribution
Linear & signage applications.
DURIS E 3 & E 5 Low Small Medium
Combine with reflector or TIR optics.
Golden DRAGON
Medium Small Wide Combine with reflector or TIR optics.
Plus
Narrow b
N beam applications. C bi
li ti Combine
OSLON SSL 80 High Medium Narrow with TIR optics. Can be packaged in
tight clusters.
Wide beam applications. Combine
pp
OSLON SSL 150 High Medium Wide with reflector or TIR optics. Can be
packaged in tight clusters.
Applications where high source
OSRAM OSTAR
Very High Large Wide luminance is required Combine with
required.
Lighting Plus
reflector or TIR optics.
Applications where high source
OSLON Square Very High Medium Medium lumens are required. Combine with
reflector or TIR optics.
fl t ti
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 9
10. Disclaimer
All information contained in this document has been checked with the greatest care.
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH can however, not be made liable for any damage
that occurs in connection with the use of these contents.
OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH makes no representations and warranties as to a
possible interference with third parties' intellectual property rights in view of products
originating from one of OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's partners, or in view of
products being a combination of an OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's product and a
product of one of OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's partners. Furthermore OSRAM
GmbH s partners Furthermore,
Opto Semiconductors GmbH cannot be made liable for any damage that occurs in
connection with the use of a product of one of OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's
partners, or with the use of a combination of an OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's
product and a product of one of OSRAM Opto Semiconductor GmbH's partners.
LED Fundamentals | Primary and Secondary Optics | Page 10