This presentation discusses laser guided missiles. It provides an introduction that defines missiles as rockets meant for destructive purposes that differ from rockets by using guidance systems. It then describes the four main components of missiles as targeting/guidance, flight, propulsion, and warhead systems. The document outlines two main guidance systems, goes into types of guided missiles including laser guidance, and discusses the basic working principle, construction, and mission phases of laser guided missiles. It concludes by listing advantages like precision and flexibility but also disadvantages like limitations from weather or non-reflective targets.

1. A presentation on “laser guided missile”
under the guidance of respected
A.H.Karode Sir
by-
Amit Satish Ghodke.
T.E E&TC
roll no. 17

2. A flying weapon that
has its own engine so that it
can travel a long distance
before exploding at the place that it has
been aimed at … Missiles have four
system components: targeting and/or
guidance, flight system, propulsion
system and warhead.

3. Introduction
• The word missile comes from the Latin verb mittere,
literally meaning "to send".
• They are basically rockets which are meant for
destructive purposes only.
• Missiles differ from rockets by virtue of a guidance
system that steers them towards a pre-selected
target.
• Missiles are often used in warfare as a means of
delivering destructive force (usually in the form of
an explosive warhead) upon a target.

4. GUIDANCE SYSTEM
• Missiles may be targeted in a number of
ways. The most common method is to
use some form of radiation , such
as infrared , lasers or radio waves , to
guide the missile onto its target.
• There are two types of guidance system
i. G-O-T (go onto target).
ii. G-O-L-I-S(go onto location in space).

5. Types of Missiles
Guided missiles are guided to or acquire their targets via
a radar signal, wire, laser, or most recently GPS.
• Radar signal- Missile use radar signatures to acquire their
targets.
• Wire Missile- Miles of small, fine wire are wound in the tail
section of the missile and unwind as the missile travels to the
target. Missile proceeds in linear direction.
• Buzzword Missile- Fires the missile, and then immediately
returns back into his cover (fire & forgot).
• Laser missile- It uses a laser of a certain frequency bandwidth
to acquire their target.
• GPS missile- missiles, after being launched, could deliver a
warhead to any part of the globe via the interface of the
onboard computer in the missile with the GPS satellite system.

6. Laser Guidance
A laser designator device calculates relative position
to a highlighted target. Most are familiar with the
military uses of the technology on Laser-guided
bomb. The space shuttle crew leverages a hand held
device to feed information into rendezvous
planning. The primary limitation on this device is
that it requires a line of sight between the target and
the designator.

7. Introduction of laser
• If the electrons in certain materials are stimulated
with enough energy, they emit light waves, which
can be amplified and made to travel together in a
narrow beam. The beam is called a laser.
• The laser designator is used to paint a spot on a
target, marking it so that a guided weapon such as
a missile can find and destroy it.
• The use of laser beams to destroy targets is limited
by the large amount of power needed and also by
airborne dust, which weakens the laser by
absorbing its energy.

8. Basic Principle
The Basic Principle is technically called the semi-
active homing. Somebody, it could be the pilot or
a soldier on the ground, shines a laser beam on
the target. On striking the target this laser beam
is reflected. Now when the LGM is released from
the aircraft, it looks out for this reflected laser
beam. Once it detects the particular laser it has
been programmed to search for, it uses its
control to move towards the target. How
accurately it strikes the target will depend upon
how well it can maneuver.

10. THE CONSTRUCTION
 The Detector Assembly : This is the sub system
which looks out for the reflected laser energy. It
also keeps looking towards the laser spot.
 The Controls: It controls the LGB flight path.
They are basically small wings like structures
which can move up-down/ left-right to change
the direction of the LGM.
 The Wings: To maneuver the LGB some extra lift
is required. This is provided by the wings.

11. The Working
• The LGB is carried on the aircraft, all the systems are
inactive.
• As the bomb is released the safety pins and lanyards
are pulled out. Once the LGB is safely away from the
aircraft, the battery starts supplying to the detector
assembly and the electronics. The controls are
unlocked and are ready to move.
• As soon as the detector assembly picks up the laser
reflections it locks on and tells the electronic
computer where the target is in relation to the LGB.
• This process continues and finally the LGB hits the
target.

12. The Mission
 The LGB flight path is divided into three phases:
ballistic, transition, and terminal guidance.
 During the ballistic phase, the weapon continues on the
unguided trajectory established by the flight path of the
delivery aircraft at the moment of release.
 During the transition phase, the weapon attempts to align
its velocity vector with the line-of-sight vector to the
target.
 During terminal guidance, the UGB attempts to keep its
velocity vector aligned with the instantaneous line-of-
sight.

13. Advantages of laser guided missile
• It is a lightweight weapon can be employed by
light helicopters.
• The SAL seeker is relatively low cost.
• Offers high precision operational flexibility.
• Capability of effective lock-on after launch
targeting.

14. Disadvantages of laser guided
missile.
 laser guided weapons are no good in the rain
or in weather conditions where there is
sufficient cloud cover.
 laser guidance is not useful against targets that
do not reflect much laser energy, including
those coated in special paint which absorbs
laser energy.
 Most critical limitation of an LGB is that the
detector needs to be able to see the laser spot at
most of the times and definitely short of hitting
the target.

15. Refrences
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/laserguidedm
issile.
 www.google.co.in/laser_guided_missile/2
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 www.slideshare.com.

16. Thank you…!!