This document provides an overview of the history and components of missiles. It discusses how rockets were first invented in medieval China and later developed by Tipu Sultan in India. After independence, India focused on space technology and missile development. The major components of a missile are the warhead, guidance system, and propulsion system. Missiles can be categorized based on their target, such as air-to-air, surface-to-air, anti-ship, and cruise missiles. The document describes different types of missiles and includes examples.

1. FROM:
B.M.V.KRISHNA REDDY

2. 2
The word missile comes from the Latin
verb mittere, literally meaning "to
send".
Missiles are often used in warfare as a
means of delivering destructive force
(usually in the form of an explosive
warhead) upon a target.

3. Rockets were invented in medieval China
(1044 AD) but its first practical use for
serious purpose took place in 1232 AD by
the Chinese against the Mongols.
 There after Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan.
At the Battle of Seringapatanam in 1792.
HISTORY OF MISSILES
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4. •Unlike contemporary rockets
whose combustion chamber was
made of wood (bamboo).
• Tipu's rockets (weighing
between 2.2 to 5.5 kg) used iron
cylinder casings.
• The British were greatly
impressed by the Mysorean
rockets using iron tubes.
4
PORTRAIT OF TIPU SULTAN

5.  After regaining independence in
1947, India focused on space
technology
 Indian rocketry was reborn,
thanks to the farsighted
technological vision of Prime
Minister Pundit Jawaharlal
Nehru.
 Professor Vikram Sarabhai took
the challenge of realizing this
dream.
MISSILES IN MODERN INDIA
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6. Guided missiles are made up of a series of subassemblies. The
major sections are carefully joined and connected to each other.
They form the complete missile assembly.
The major components of a missile are:
 WARHEAD
 FUSING
 GUIDANCE SYSTEM
 PROPULSIONSYSTEM
MISSILE COMPONENTS
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7. WARHEAD
A warhead is an explosive device used in
military conflicts, used to destroy enemy
vehicles or buildings.
Types of warhead
Explosive
Chemical
Biological
Nuclear
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8. FUSING
It includes those devices and arrangements
that cause the missile's payload to function
in proper relation to the target.
Methods of fusing
Radio frequency sensing
Optical sensing
Magnetic sensing
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9. 9
Missiles may be targeted in a
number of ways. The most
common method is to use
some form of radiation .
There are two types of
guidance system.
GUIDANCE SYSTEM

10. Global Positioning System (GPS)
GPS was designed by the US military. GPS
transmits 2 signal types: military and a
commercial.
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11.  Propulsion is the means of providing power to accelerate the
missile body and sustain, if necessary, to reach the required
target.
 The propulsion of a missile is achieved with the help of a rocket
engine. It produces thrust by ejecting very hot gaseous matter,
called propellant.
PROPELLANT= FUEL + OXIDIZER , WHICH PRODUCES “THRUST”
 The propellant is exhausted through a nozzle at a high speed. This
exhaust causes the rocket to move in the opposite direction (Newton's
third law).
PROPELLANT
SOLID
PROPELLANT
LIQUID
PROPELLANT
HYBRID PROPULSION= LIQUID PROPELLANT +
SOLID PROPELLANT

12. TYPES OF MISSILES ON THE BASIS OF MODE OF FIRE
An air-to-air missile (AAM) is a missile fired from an aircraft for the
purpose of destroying another aircraft.
F-22A Raptor ,.
Astra missile of Indian army
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13. An air-to-surface missile (ASM) or air-to-ground
missile (AGM or ATGM) is a missile designed to be launched
from military aircraft and strike ground targets on land, at sea, or
both.
Silkworm , US .
Storm Shadow by France
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14. An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is
a missile designed to counter ballistic missiles. T
However, the term is used more commonly for
systems designed to counter intercontinental
ballistic missiles (ICBM).s
A Standard
Missile
Three (SM-3)
,U.S. Navy
ballistic
missile flight
test.
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15. 15
the Prithvi Air Defence(PAD)

16. Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are
designed to incapacitate or
destroy satellites for strategic military
purposes.
Standard Missile - 3 (SM-3)
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17. Anti-ship missiles are guided missiles that
are designed for use against ships and large
boats.
RGM-84
surface
-to-surface
Harpoon
missile.
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18. An anti-submarine missile is a standoff weapon including
a rocket designed to rapidly deliver an explosive warhead or
homing torpedo from the launch platform to the vicinity of
a submarine.
Ikara dummy missile onboard HMAS
Stuart(DE-48) off the New South Wales
coast.
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19. An anti-tank missile (ATM), anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-
tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon, is
a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily-
armored military vehicles.
Nag missile and
the Nag missile
Carrier Vehicle
(NAMICA),Anti-
tank Guided
missile
developed
by DRDO.
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20. A land-attack missile is a naval surface-to-surface missile that is
capable of effectively attacking targets ashore, unlike
specialized anti-ship missiles, which are optimized for striking other
ships.
Cruise missile
BrahMos shown on
IMDS-2007,
owned
By India
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21. A surface-to-air missile (SAM), or ground-
to-air missile (GTAM), is a missile designed
to be launched from the ground to
destroy aircraft or other missiles.
Two SA-2
Guideline
(S-75 Dvina)
missiles
in the National
Museum of
Military
History in Sofia
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22. A surface-to-surface missile (SSM) or ground-to-ground
missile (GGM) is a missile designed to be launched from the ground
or the sea and strike targets on land or at sea.
RPG-7 with warhead
detached
BGM-71 TOW , variant
M220,
SABER. U.S. Army
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23. A wire-guided missile is a missile that is guided by signals sent to it
via thin wires connected between the missile and its guidance
mechanism, which is located somewhere near the launch site.
A Stryker vehicle
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24. A ballistic missile is a missile that follows
a ballistic flight path with the objective of
delivering one or more warheads to a
predetermined target.
United States Trident II (D-5) missile
underwater launch.
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25. A cruise missile is a guided missile, the major portion of whose
flight path to its target is conducted at approximately constant
velocity; that relies on the dynamic reaction of air for lift, and upon
propulsion forces to balance drag.
Shaurya missile (left) and Brahmos-
II(model) (top) by Government of India.
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27.  IMAGES FROM GOOGLE .
 CONTENT FROM SLIDESHARE.COM

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