This document provides an overview of missile technology, including:
1. It defines missiles and discusses their history, originating in medieval China and used effectively by Indian rulers against British forces.
2. The major components of missiles are described as the warhead, fuze conductor, guidance system, and propulsion system.
3. Missiles are classified based on their range, propulsion, guidance systems, and launch mode, including surface-to-surface, surface-to-air, ballistic, and cruise missiles.
4. India's integrated guided missile development program and current missile capabilities are briefly outlined.
Hello, I am DHRUV. This Presentation Includes some pictorial representation as well as information about Nuclear Weapons, missiles, bombs, and small weapons. I made this using information from google only. Hope you will like that.
THIS IS A SEMINAR REPORT ON GUIDED MISSILE. IN THIS REPORT YOU WILL FIND A BRIEF INTRODUCTION LIKE WHAT IS GUIDED MISSILE , TYPES OF MISSILE ,TYPES OF CONTROL AND GUIDANCE SYSTEM, WARHEAD , FUZES.
Small presentation on different types of missile,their characteristics,technology etc.If anything is wrong let me know.There are some animated videos that will help to understand. Thank you.
Cruise missiles form a major part of modern warfare and have spread extensively to all branches of the military. Their effective use in a modern conflict can change the outcome of war without resorting to nuclear weapons. Improvements in cruise missile technology will see more intelligent, self-manoeuvring and hypersonic missiles flood the world market. But whatever happens, cruise missiles will remain one of the most reliable weapons for the foreseeable future.
Aerodynamic characterisitics of a missile componentseSAT Journals
Abstract
A Missile is a self-propelled guided weapon system that travels through air or space. A powered, guided munitions that travels through the air or space is known as a missile (or guided missile). The Missile is defined as a space transversing unmanned vehicle that contains the means for controlling its flight path. The aerodynamic characteristics of a missile components such as body, wing and tail are calculated by using analytical methods to predict the drag and the normal forces of the missile. The total drag of the body is computed by using the parasite drag, wave drag, skin friction drag and base drag. The wing surface normal force coefficient (CN)Wing is a function of Mach number, local angle of attack, aspect ratio, and the wing surface plan form area (CN)Wing , based on the missile reference area, decreases with increasing supersonic Mach number and increases with angle of attack and the wing surface area. When the wing surface area is reduced the total weight of the missile and drag are reduced thereby increasing the lift and achieve excessive stability.
Keywords—Aerodynamics, drag, missile, normal forces and stability
You can understand what is a ballistic missile, how important it is for a country and importance of ballistic missile defence system. It also describes where India stands in BMDS evolution.
Hello, I am DHRUV. This Presentation Includes some pictorial representation as well as information about Nuclear Weapons, missiles, bombs, and small weapons. I made this using information from google only. Hope you will like that.
THIS IS A SEMINAR REPORT ON GUIDED MISSILE. IN THIS REPORT YOU WILL FIND A BRIEF INTRODUCTION LIKE WHAT IS GUIDED MISSILE , TYPES OF MISSILE ,TYPES OF CONTROL AND GUIDANCE SYSTEM, WARHEAD , FUZES.
Small presentation on different types of missile,their characteristics,technology etc.If anything is wrong let me know.There are some animated videos that will help to understand. Thank you.
Cruise missiles form a major part of modern warfare and have spread extensively to all branches of the military. Their effective use in a modern conflict can change the outcome of war without resorting to nuclear weapons. Improvements in cruise missile technology will see more intelligent, self-manoeuvring and hypersonic missiles flood the world market. But whatever happens, cruise missiles will remain one of the most reliable weapons for the foreseeable future.
Aerodynamic characterisitics of a missile componentseSAT Journals
Abstract
A Missile is a self-propelled guided weapon system that travels through air or space. A powered, guided munitions that travels through the air or space is known as a missile (or guided missile). The Missile is defined as a space transversing unmanned vehicle that contains the means for controlling its flight path. The aerodynamic characteristics of a missile components such as body, wing and tail are calculated by using analytical methods to predict the drag and the normal forces of the missile. The total drag of the body is computed by using the parasite drag, wave drag, skin friction drag and base drag. The wing surface normal force coefficient (CN)Wing is a function of Mach number, local angle of attack, aspect ratio, and the wing surface plan form area (CN)Wing , based on the missile reference area, decreases with increasing supersonic Mach number and increases with angle of attack and the wing surface area. When the wing surface area is reduced the total weight of the missile and drag are reduced thereby increasing the lift and achieve excessive stability.
Keywords—Aerodynamics, drag, missile, normal forces and stability
You can understand what is a ballistic missile, how important it is for a country and importance of ballistic missile defence system. It also describes where India stands in BMDS evolution.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
1. SEM INAR
ON
-ASHWANI KUMAR (04413304912)
-RAHUL RANJAN (04713304912)
يداه
ناطحق
ىفطصم
“MISSILE TECHNOLOGY”
Mustafa qahtan hadi
A1
2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• History Of Missiles
• Missile Components
• Classification Of Missiles
• Missiles In Modern India
• National & International Scenario
• Integrated Guided Missile Development Program
• Conclusion
3. INTRODUCTION
• The word missile comes from the Latin verb mittere, literally means "to send".
• A flying weapon that has its own engine so that it can travel a long
before exploding at the place that it has been aimed at .
distance
• Missiles differ from rockets by virtue of a guidance system that steers them towards a
pre-selected target.
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
• The working of a missile is based on the Newton’s Third Law i.e. Action and reaction are
equal and opposite
• The propulsion of a missile is achieved with the help of a rocket engine. It produces
thrust by ejecting very hot gaseous matter, called propellant.
• The hot gases are produced in the combustion chamber of the rocket engine by
chemical reactions.
• The propellant is exhausted through a nozzle at a high speed. This exhaust causes the
missile to move in the opposite direction (Newton's third law).
4. HISTORY OF MISSILES
• Missiles were invented in medieval China (1044 AD) ,but its first practical use for
serious purpose took place in 1232 AD by the Chinese against the Mongols.
• There after Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan (Sultan of Mysore in south India) perfected
the rocket's use for military purposes, very effectively using it in war against
British colonial armies.
• At the Battle of Seringapatanam in 1792, Indian soldiers launched a huge barrage
of missiles against British troops, followed by a huge massacre of British forces.
5. MISSILE COMPONENTS
• Guided missiles are made up of a series of sub-assemblies. The major sections are carefully joined
and connected to each other. They form the complete missile assembly.
• Themajorcomponentsofamissileare:
W
ARHEAD
FUZECONDUCT
OR
GUIDANCESYSTEM
PROPULSIONSYSTEM
FINS
6.
7. WARHEAD
-A warhead is an explosive device used in military conflicts, used
to destroy enemy vehicles or buildings.
-Typically, a warhead is delivered by a missile , rocket or torpedo.
It consists of the explosive material, and a detonator.
Types of warhead :-
Explosive: An explosive charge is used to disintegrate the
target, and damage surrounding areas
Chemical: A toxic chemical, such as nerve gas is dispersed,
which is designed to injure or kill human beings.
Biological: An infectious agent, such as anthrax is dispersed,
which is designed to sicken and kill humans.
Nuclear: A runaway nuclear fission or fusion reaction causes
immense energy release.
Fragmentation: Metal fragments are projected at high velocity
to cause damage or injury.
8. FUZE CONDUCTOR
It includes those devices and arrangements that cause the missile's payload to function in
proper relation to the target.
There are three general types of fuzes used in guided missiles :
1.Proximity Fuzes
2.Impact Fuzes
3.Altitude Fuzes
GUIDANCE SYSTEM
• Guidance is that aspect of a missile system which helps it to decide the direction in which the
missile should move. Generally this decision has to be taken at very short intervals of
time(I/50th of a second) during the flight of the missile.
• The different types of guidance are :
Command guidance
Homing or seeker guidance
Laser guidance
Inertial guidance
Stellar guidance
9. Some methods of target detection are:-
Laser Guidance - A laser designator device
calculates relative position to a highlighted
target. Most are familiar with the military uses
of the technology on Laser-guided bomb. The
space shuttle crew leverages a hand held
device to feed information into rendezvous
planning. The primary limitation on this device
is that it requires a line of sight between the
target and the designator.
Terrain contour matching (TERCOM)- This
method uses a ground scanning radar to
"match" topography against digital map data
to fix current position.
10. PROPULSION SYSTEM
• Propulsion is the means of providing power to accelerate the missile body and sustain, if
necessary, to reach the required target. The basis for the working of missile propulsion systems
are the well-known Newton's laws of motion.
• The propulsion of a missile is achieved with the help of a rocket engine. It produces thrust by
ejecting very hot gaseous matter, called propellant.
PROPELLANT= FUEL + OXIDIZER , WHICH PRODUCES “THRUST”
• The hot gases are produced in the combustion chamber of the rocket engine by chemical
reactions.
• The propellant is exhausted through a nozzle at a high speed. This exhaust causes the rocket to
move in the opposite direction (Newton's third law).
SOLID PROPELLANT
PROPELLANT
LIQUID PROPELLANT
HYBRID PROPULSION= LIQUID PROPELLANT + SOLID PROPELLANT
11. Classification of Missiles
Type Range Propulsion
Guidance
Systems
Launch
Mode
1. Surface-to-Surface
Missile
2.Surface-to-Air Missile
3. Surface (Coast)-to-
Sea Missile
4.Air-to-AirMissile
5.Air-to-Surface Missile
6.Sea-to-Sea Missile
7.Sea-to-Surface
(Coast) Missile
8.Anti-T
ank Missile
1. Short
Range
Missile
2.Medium
Range Missile
3. Intermediate
Range Ballistic
Missile
4.
Intercontinental
Ballistic Missile
1. Wire Guidance
2.Comman
d
Guidance
3
. T
errain Comparison
Guidance
4
.
T
errestrial
Guidance
5. Inertial Guidance
6. Beam Rider
Guidance
7.Laser Guidance
8. RF and GPS
1.Solid
Propulsion
2.Liquid
Propulsion
3.Hybrid
Propulsion
4.Ramjet
5. Scramjet
6.
Cryogenic
1.Cruise
Missile
2.Ballistic
Missile
12. BALLISTIC MISSILES
• A ballistic missile is a missile that has a ballistic trajectory
over most of its flight path ,regardless of whether or not
it is weapon-delivery vehicle .
• Guided only during boost phase of flight.
• For example ,Prithvi -I ,Prithvi- II ,Agni- I , Agni- II and
Dhanush ballistic missiles are currently operational in the
Indian Defence Forces.
BALLISTIC MISSILE CLASS MAXIMUN RANGE (km)
Short Range Ballistic Missile(SRRM) <1000
Medium Range Ballistic Missile(MRRM) 1000-3000
Intermediate Range Ballistic
Missile(IRRM)
3000-5000
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile(IBRM) >5500
Submarine Launched Ballistic
Missile(SLBM)
Varies
13. CRUISE MISSILES
• A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided vehicle
that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its
flight path.
• Its primary mission is to place an ordnance or special payload
on a target.
• They fly within the earth’s atmosphere and use “jet engine
technology”.
• Depending upon the speed such missiles are classified as:
1. Subsonic cruise missile
2.Supersonic cruise missile
3.Hypersonic cruise missile
14. MISSILES IN MODERN INDIA
• Prithvi-I, Prithvi-II, Prithvi-III
• Agni-I, Agni-II,Agni-III
• Akash
• Dhanush
• Trishul
• Nirbhay
• Brahmos Cruise Missile
• BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft or land.
• It is a joint venture between India's Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and
Russia's NPO Mashinostroeyenia who have together formed the BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited.
• It travels at speeds of Mach 2.5 to 2.8 and is the world's fastest cruise missile. It is about three-and-a-half
times faster than the U.S.A's subsonic Harpoon cruise missile.
• It has a two-stage propulsion system, with a solid-propellant rocket for initial acceleration and a liquid-
fueled ramjet responsible for sustained supersonic cruise.
• The BrahMos is currently being configured for aerial deployment with the Su-30MKI as its carrier
Ballistic Missile
15. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SCENERIO
• The growth in the technological know-how of guided missiles has been spurred by an international race for
strategic supremacy and commercial aspects.
• The launching of a new rocket or a guided missile receives world-wide attention.
• With the decreasing gap between the launching of missiles and satellites, the military warfare has assumed a
new dimension in the form of electronic and push-button warfare.
INTEGRATED GUIDED MISSILE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
• The Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) was a Ministry of Defence (India) program for
the research and development of a comprehensive range of missiles.
• The program was managed by the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Ordnance
Factories Board in partnership with other Indian government research organizations.
• The project started in early 1980s and ended in 2008 after these strategic missiles were successfully
developed.
• The last major missile developed under the program was the Agni 3 intermediate-range ballistic missile
which was successfully tested on 9 July 2007.
• On 8 January 2008, the DRDO formally announced the successful completion of the IGMDP.