philosophy of education - Pragmatism

philosophy of education - Pragmatism

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  pragmatism Philosophy of Education Presented by: PhebeEsther .J M.Sc. Nursing
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  “Education is anall round drawing out of the best in child and man – body, mind and spirit”
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  “Philosophy is anattempt to think truly about human experience or to make out whole experience Intelligible” - Bright man
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  “The Philosophy ofone century is the common sense of the next” - Henry ward Beecher
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  Significance of Philosophy ofEducation
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  • Philosophy andAims of Education • Curriculum and Philosophy • Philosophy and Method of Teaching • Philosophy and Text-Books • Philosophy and Discipline • Philosophy and the Teacher • Philosophy and Evaluation
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  pragmatism
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  “Good judgement comesfrom experience and often experience comes from bad judgement” - Rita Mac Brown
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  Pragmatism….. • Believes inpractical and utilitarian philosophy • Pragmatism derived from Greek word “Practice” or “Action” • Derived from the word Pragma which means activity, work done or to make or to accomplish • Pragmatism – lives in the world of facts not on ideas
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  Pragmatism….. • Also calledInstrumentalism or Functionalism • Because it impacts on ‘Learning by Doing’ • Also called Experimentalism - ‘Learning by experience’
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  Definition of Pragmatism
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  History and Origin
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  Pragmatism vs idealism •Idealism – knowledge or idea leads to practice • Pragmatism – ideas are constricted from experience • First comes practice – basis for principles and ideas to derived
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  • Realism believesin truth – Theory of Truth • According to realism – if an object – considered – hard – it should be hard to all • But pragmatism says – if hard to one – should experimentally want to prove Pragmatism vs realism
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  Forms of pragmatism
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  Features of pragmatism InPragmatism…. • Values are created through experimentation • Educational practice – experimental • Child learns by doing • Curriculum – actively centered • Moral Values cannot be imposed by the older upon younger generation • Project method is the main method of teaching
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  Principles of pragmatism
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  Metaphysics and pragmatism Inview of pragmatism… • Man can know nothing beyond his experience • So questions related to nature of man or universe – simply cannot answer
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  • Pragmatism accepts– empirical and rational knowledge • But integrated 2 forms into single method of thinking • All that can be known is dependent upon experience • It follows that knowledge and truth must be changing epistemology and pragmatism
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  • In pragmatism,values are derived from the human condition • Since man is a part of his society, the consequences of his actions are either good or bad, according to result axiology and pragmatism
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  Pragmatism in education
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  Pragmatism insists… • Education– practical and utilitarian • Education – according to needs • Education – solve own problems • Activities should lie at center of all educative process
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  Pragmatism and educationprocess Pragmatism revolutionized the educational system. Pragmatic trend in education is known as progressivism. Various aspects of educational implications of pragmatism are: • Philosophy and Aims of Education • Curriculum and Philosophy • Philosophy and Method of Teaching • Philosophy and Discipline • Philosophy and the Teacher • Philosophy and Evaluation
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  Pragmatism and aimsof education • Pragmatists don't believe in pre-conceived aims of education • Education becomes the laboratory of life • Consider while forming aims – Creation of new values (for experience & values) – Activity and exercise (to create new values) – Personal and Social adjustment (cope up) – Reconstruction of experience (providing social setting ) –All around personality development
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  Pragmatism and curriculum
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  Curriculum…. • Experience –to educate • Life – centered curriculum • Only one subject – the art of modern living • Curriculum – formulated based on : • Activity curriculum • Principle of utility • Principle of interest • Principle of integration
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  Pragmatism and methodof teaching
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  Methods of teaching…. •Gives importance to child than books or teachers • Avoids outdated and rigid method of learning • Methods include: • Learning by Doing • Provision of real life situation • Project method (real and purposeful tasks) • Discussion, questioning and inquiry
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  Pragmatism and Discipline
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  Discipline…. • Gives lotof freedom to children • Teacher – guide – self Discipline • Acts – carried in a happy and free environment • Self Discipline – not exposed by authority • Social Discipline – participation in school society
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  Pragmatism and Teacher
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  Teacher…. • Creates areal life situation – child interested to solve • Keep student as – discoverer and experimenter • Not impose anything – child will decide own aim, goal • Not a dictator – only “leader of group activities” • As a friend, philosopher and guide • Can maintain a close relationship
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  Pragmatism and theschool
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  School…. • Miniature society– real experience • School – need not to be as classroom – benches – teaching – listening • A work shop or laboratory can be a school • Any social environment – inspires children - school
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  Pragmatism and TextBook Importance is given to children and not to Books
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  Pragmatism and Evaluation
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  Evaluation… • Individually –based on type of work • Tools should include objective tests, project reports, anecdotal records, attitudes and rating scales and aptitude and personality test
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  Pragmatism and nursingeducation
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  In nursing education….. •Nursing educator – creates a real life situation • Experimentation of discover by doing – improve skills • Nursing students – use self effort, skills development, creativity, observes and analyses in that situation • Improve clinical skills, intellectual and moral skills
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  Journal…. Foundation of Sociologyof Health and Illness, in 2015 Aug, conducted a study, “Meeting Pragmatism Halfway: Making a Pragmatic Clinical Trial Protocol”, it says PCT are used commonly to measure the effectiveness of health care interventions in real world clinical setting
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  Journal…. Journal of AmericanBoard of Family Medicine in 2014 Dec, Conducted a study, “Using the Pragmatic – Explanatory Continum Indicator Summary (PRECIS) model in clinical research : Application to refine a practice based research network (PBRN) study”. PRECIS model was Introduced in 2009. this study is to introduce clinical researcher to this model to demonstrate its application to practice based study
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  Merits and demeritsof pragmatism
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  Limitations of Pragmatism: •Problems selected by student – unreal • Pragmatism Does not Provide regular and Systematic instruction • Leaves many curricular gaps – learning process • Puts heavy demand on teacher • Artificiality in situation • Teacher – like information officer – no faith in truth • Less practiced in India
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  XsEED System ofEducation
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  • XSEED forNURSERY TO GRADE- V • XSEED is a complete education solution designed to transform classroom teaching. XSEED brings the experiential learning concept to life through its practical approach towards syllabus, teacher training and assessment. The XSEED intervention takes place in and beyond the classroom. XSEED strengthens the connection between Students and teachers, an important aspect of school education
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  To Conclude…. Though iswas an old and traditional philosophy, it had a futuristic thought to change the traditional education methods. Thus The Educational Philosophy – Pragmatism is still applicable in todays modern world