Pharmaceutical Quality by Design (QBD) is a concept introduced by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q8 guideline, as a systematic approach to development that begins with predetermined objectives and emphasizes the understanding of production and processes and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management.
The basic concept of QBD is “The Quality cannot be tested into the product, but it should be built into it.”
Introduction, Regulatory requirements for validation, Role of FDA, Code of Federal regulation, Validation life cycle, Significance of validation, Types of validation, Process valiadation, Phases of process validation, Process capability design, Process Qualification, Validation maintainance phase
Types of Process validation, Examples
Objectives of CGMP
Layout of buildings, services, equipments & maintenance
Production organization
material management
handling and transportation
inventory management &control
Production and planning control
Sales forcasting
Budget and cost control
Industrial and personnel relationship
Total quality management
FDA’s emphasis on quality by design began with the recognition that increased testing does not improve product quality (this has long been recognized in other industries).In order for quality to increase, it must be built into the product. To do this requires understanding how formulation and manufacturing process variables influence product quality.Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach to pharmaceutical development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management. A presentation compiled from material freely available on the WEB to introduce the concepts of QbD for beginners.
Introduction, Regulatory requirements for validation, Role of FDA, Code of Federal regulation, Validation life cycle, Significance of validation, Types of validation, Process valiadation, Phases of process validation, Process capability design, Process Qualification, Validation maintainance phase
Types of Process validation, Examples
Objectives of CGMP
Layout of buildings, services, equipments & maintenance
Production organization
material management
handling and transportation
inventory management &control
Production and planning control
Sales forcasting
Budget and cost control
Industrial and personnel relationship
Total quality management
FDA’s emphasis on quality by design began with the recognition that increased testing does not improve product quality (this has long been recognized in other industries).In order for quality to increase, it must be built into the product. To do this requires understanding how formulation and manufacturing process variables influence product quality.Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach to pharmaceutical development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management. A presentation compiled from material freely available on the WEB to introduce the concepts of QbD for beginners.
A Review on Quality by Design and its Approachesijtsrd
The Pharmaceutical Quality By Design QBD is a systematic approach to the development that starts with the predetermined objectives and is based on the process of understanding process processes and process control, sound science and quality risk management. Quality Design QBD has been created to increase the assured of providing safe, effective medicines to customers and promised to make significant improvements in product quality performance. Supriya Khatal | Ashok Bhosale | Tejaswini Kande | Pallavi Dhekale | Punam Bramhadandi | Pratima Pokale "A Review on Quality by Design and its Approaches" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29248.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/medicinal-chemistry/29248/a-review-on-quality-by-design-and-its-approaches/supriya-khatal
QbD is new concept in pharmaceutical industries which is beneficial for producing and maintaining quality in product. With help of QbD a quality is built in product during manufacturing.
“Current Approach of Quality by Design” An Overviewijtsrd
In this Analysis, well look at how QbD is being practised right now. QbD represents a cutting edge methodology for enhancing the safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals. Quality by Design QbD is a relatively new idea in the pharmaceutical industry, but it has quickly become an integral aspect of the current approach to quality. Quality by Design relies on the ICH Guidelines as its basis. Guidelines Q8 for Pharmaceutical Development, Q9 for Quality Risk Management, and Q10 for Pharmaceutical Quality Systems from the International Council for Harmonization ICH served as inspiration for this document. QbD is the most effective method now available for improving the quality of all pharmaceutical goods, but it poses a significant problem for the pharmaceutical business, whose procedures are traditionally static. Eventually, despite inevitable process and material variation, It is crucial to establish the desired product performance profile Target product Profile TPP , Target Product Quality Profile TPQP and to pinpoint the attributes of quality that are most important to the products success throughout the QbD process CQA . We may then use this information to tailor the products composition and production method to those characteristics. This results in the identification and management of sources of variability and an understanding of the effect of raw materials critical material attributes CMA and critical process parameters CPP on critical quality attributes CQAs . To which the process and technique of development must have access. Quality by Design QbD encompasses the processes of drug development and manufacturing. that guarantees the product meets the standards set out in advance. R. Kavi Bharathi | R. Sanil Kumar | Shantaram Nangude "“Current Approach of Quality by Design” An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd53873.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/53873/“current-approach-of-quality-by-design”-an-overview/r-kavi-bharathi
The pharmaceutical Quality by Design is a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management. Quality by Design is emerging to enhance the assurance of safe, effective drug supply to the consumer, and also offers promise to significantly improve manufacturing quality performance
This is the seminar on Quality By Design (QbD) .
In this will discuss about Concept , Objectives, Benefits, Key Aspects of QbD.
Specially Design for a Seminar type Presentation.
Thank You , Keep reading and keep sharing.
“LET US KNOW ABOUT QUALITY BY DESIGN IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY”Rajatmishra137
The Impression of Quality by configuration protects by demonstrating that quality is simply not a demonstration, yet it is a propensity. As of late Quality by structure (QbD) has increased a lot of consideration among the pharmaceutical business in extremely short course of time . It goes about as a connection between the business and medication administrative specialists for example (FDA), which is predominantly founded on logical, chance based, all encompassing and proactive methodology for advancement of pharmaceutical item. QbD has helped in making the new detailing, and furthermore the structuring of new method of medication conveyance, just as the better approaches for assembling procedure, and attempts to guarantee the predefined quality items . Key attributes of QbD are that it gives an apparatus to centered and effective medication improvement. It is pertinent to diagnostic strategies. Key components of the Quality by configuration are The Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP), Critical Quality Attributes (CAQ), Design space, Control procedure, lifecycle the executives . Use of value by configuration is in different new looks into dependent on HPLC technique, and we give quit estimation of medication conveyance as indicated by the patients BMR , additionally in Quality by Design in Biopharmaceuticals .
DEFINITION,PRINCIPLE, OBJECTIVES, ELEMENTS AND TOOLS OF QUALITY BY DESIGN (Qb...Durgadevi Ganesan
Quality by Design is a concept first outlined by Joseph M. Juran in various publications. He supposed that quality could be planned. The concept of QBD was mention in ICH Q8 guidelines, which states that, “To identify quality can not be tested in products, i.e. Quality should be built in to product by design.”
What is Quality by Design (QbD)?
Quality by Design (QbD) is a strategic approach employed in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, and product development, to ensure the consistent delivery of high-quality products.
Why QbD?
Principle of QbD
Objectives of QbD
ELEMENTS OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY BY DESIGN:
- Quality Target Product Profile
- Critical Quality Attributes
- Product Design and Understanding
- Process Design and Understanding
- Process Design and Understanding
- Design space
- Control Strategy
- Continual Improvement
DESIGN TOOLS
- Prior Knowledge
- Risk Assessment
- Mechanistic Model, Design of Experiments, and Data Analysis
- Process Analytical Technology
Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism (like bacteria, viruses, and some parasites) to stop an antimicrobial (such as antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals) from working against it.
QBD Quality by design for Immediate release dosage formKushal Saha
Traditional approach of formulating a new drug product is an exhaustive task and involves a number of resources like man, money, time and experimental efforts. While, using this Quality by Design (QBD) approach one can get the pharmaceutical product of desired (best) quality with minimizing above resources as well as knowing the influence of one factor over the desired associated process. Hence aim of this study is the understanding of QBD approach to design product and manufacturing process to get desired pharmaceutical product. QBD follows the concepts of ICH guidelines (Q8, Q9 & Q10) which are essential for processing a pharmaceutical process. In this presentation we are going to focus upon QBD for immediate release dosage forms.
Bioavailability is defined as rate and extent of absorption of the unchanged drug from its dosage form and become available at the site of action. Solubility is the most important physical characteristic of a drug for its oral bioavailability, formulation, development of different dosage form of different drugs, therapeutic efficacy of the drug and for quantitative analysis. Proper selection of solubility enhancement method is the key to ensure the goals of a good formulation.
Personalised Medicine is a young but rapidly advancing field.
The term 'Personalised Medicine' is described as providing "the right patient with the right drug at the right dose at the right time".
Suprachoroidal drug delivery system is a novel drug delivery used in opthalmology.. It is a novel approach by which ocular side effects can be minimized.
Ayurveda vs Allopathy : Look, Think & DecideKushal Saha
Life is a running race now a day. We need quick but efficient relief. Modern medicine or Allopathic medicine is saving numerous lives since the time of World War II. Especially in emergencies like viral attacks, epidemic and surgical cases the allopathic system has been so impressive and approved by all over the world. Presently, use of computers is making it more accurate. But, this rapid relief method of medicine or you can say "Short-Cut" method of relief is also producing several adverse effects which cause severe problems like multi organ failure etc. We're taking medicine to get rid of a side effect created by another and that also shows another side effect and thus we're becoming medicine prone.
So I'm trying to look behind, in the pages of Vedas, our traditional medicinal system – Ayurveda; Which not only cures the disease but also teaches us how to stay healthy. They've very less side effects as they are naturally derived.
But, here also one question arises. Can the so called backdated ayurveda satisfy our need for being healthy in this modern era?
So, here I'm presenting the basic comparison between Ayurveda and Allopathy. Now you have to look, think and decide which you should choose for your betterment.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. Introduction
Pharmaceutical Quality by Design (QBD) is a concept introduced
by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q8
guideline, as a systematic approach to development that begins
with predetermined objectives and emphasizes the
understanding of production and processes and process control,
based on sound science and quality risk management.
The basic concept of QBD is “The Quality cannot be tested into the
product, but it should be built into it.”
QBD, also known as quality purchasing design is emerging to
increase the promise of providing safe and effective medicines to
customers and promises to improve the efficiency of product
quality.
3. QBD DEVELOPMENT PROCESS INCLUDE
• Begin with a target product profile that describes the use,
safety and efficacy of the product
• Define a target product quality profile that will be used by
formulators and process engineers as a quantitative surrogate
for aspects of clinical safety and efficacy during product
development
• Gather relevant prior knowledge about the drug substance,
potential excipients and process operations into a knowledge
space.
• Design a formulation and identify the critical material (quality)
attributes of the final product that must be controlled to meet
the target product quality profile.
• Design a manufacturing process to produce a final product
having these critical materials attributes.
4. Cont..
• Identify the critical process parameters and input (raw) material
attributes that must be controlled to achieve these critical
material attributes of the final product. Use risk assessment to
prioritize process parameters and material attributes for
experimental verification. Combine prior knowledge with
experiments to establish a design space or other representation
of process understanding.
• Establish a control strategy for the entire process that may
include input material controls, process controls and monitors,
design spaces around individual or multiple unit operations,
and/or final product tests. The control strategy should encompass
expected changes in scale and can be guided by a risk
assessment.
• Continually monitor and update the process to assure consistent
quality.
6. Opportunities
• Efficient, agile, flexible system
• Increase manufacturing efficiency, reduce costs and project
rejections and waste
• Build scientific knowledge base for all products
• Better interact with industry on science issues
• Ensure consistent information
• Incorporate risk management
FDA report “Pharmaceutical cGMPs for the 21st Century: A Risk-
Based Approach” has made it imperative to use QBD approach
in pharmaceuticals. To understand QBD well, we have to
understand main guidelines prescribed by ICH-
ICH-Q8: (Pharmaceutical Development) and
ICH-Q9: (Quality Risk Management)
ICH-Q10: (Pharmaceutical Quality System)
7. ICH Q8
This guideline describes the suggested contents for the 3.2.P.2
(Pharmaceutical Development) section of a regulatory
submission in the Common Technical Document (CTD) format.
Objectives:
• To design a quality product and its manufacturing process to
consistently deliver the intended performance of the
product.
• Provide scientific understanding to support the
establishment of the design space, specifications, and
manufacturing controls.
Quality
by
testing
10. Elements of Pharmaceutical development
QBD comprises all elements of pharmaceutical development
mentioned in the ICH guideline Q8. To design a quality product and
its manufacturing process to consistently deliver the intended
performance of product is the aim of pharmaceutical
development.
Different elements of pharmaceutical development include-
Defining an objective
Determination of critical quality attributes (CQA)
Risk assessment and design space
Development of experimental design
Designing and implementing control strategy
Continuous improvement.
11. Advantages of QBD
Better understanding of the process.
Less batch failure.
More efficient and effective control of change.
Return on investment / cost savings.
Reduction of post-approval submissions.
Less intense regulatory oversight and less post-approval
submissions.
More drug availability and less recall and improved yields,
lower cost, less investigations, reduced testing, etc.
Continuous improvement over the total product life cycle.
Contributes substantially to realize the better, cheaper and
safer mandate.
12. Disadvantages of QBD
Internal unwillingness in company
Lack of belief in a business case. It is assumed that QBD
would require more time to file generic products or that the
amount of clinical trials necessary to implement QBD for
drug substance production
Lack of technology to implement.
Alignment with third parties.
Inconsistent treatment of QBD across FDA. It is believed
that FDA may not review filings in a consistent manner.
Lack of concrete guidance for industry.
13. Conclusion
QBD has gain importance in the area of pharmaceutical
processes like drug development, formulations, analytical
method and biopharmaceuticals. The main reason behind
adoption of QBD is the regulatory requirements.
Pharmaceutical industry needs a regulatory compliance so as
to get their product approved for marketing. Nevertheless QBD
approach gives quality product with cost effective procedures
and that is the basic need. Moving within design space would
not require post approval changes thereby reducing the cost
involved.
14. References
1. M. N. Nasr. Implementation of quality by design (QbD): status, challenges, and next steps. FDA
Advisory Committee for Pharmaceutical Science. Available
at:http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/06/slides/2006-4241s1_6.ppt (accessed 11/21/2007).
2. L. X. Yu. Implementation of quality-by-design: OGD initiatives. FDA Advisory Committee for
Pharmaceutical Science. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms /dockets/ac/06/slides/2006-
4241s1_8.ppt(accessed 11/21/2007).
3. W. P. Ganzer, J. A. Materna, M. B. Mitchell, and L. K. Wall. Current thoughts on critical process
parameters and API synthesis. Pharm. Technology.46–66 (2005), July.
4. Lawrence X. Pharmaceutical Research 2007; vol 25: No 4.
5. Kozlowski S. Protein therapeutics and the regulation of quality: a brief history from an OBP
perspective: as the biotechnology industry has matured through various stages of growth,
regulatory agencies have evolved in response to the need to define quality standards. Biopharm.
International.20(10),37–40 (2007).
6. Abboud L, Hensley S. Drug manufacturing, out of date for years, gets a shot in the arm – US’s FDA
prods industry to adopt innovations, raise quality standards. The Wall Street Journal Europe, 03
September 2003.
7. USFDA. Innovation and continuous improvement in pharmaceutical manufacturing
pharmaceutical cGMPs for the 21st Century(2004). www.fda.gov/ ohrms/dockets /ac/04/briefing/
2004 4080b1_01_manufSciWP.pdf
8. Food and Drug Administration CDER. Draft guidance for industry, ANDAs: Impurities in drug
products; 2005.
9. ICH.Quality Risk Management Q9(2005) . www.ich.org /fileadmin/ Public_Web_Site/ ICH_Products/
Guidelines/Quality/Q9/Step4/Q9_Guideline.pdf
10. ICH. Pharmaceutical Quality System Q10 (2008). www.ich.org /fileadmin /Public _Web_Site
/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Quality/Q10/Step4/Q10_Guideline.pdf