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The document discusses the importance and history of the periodic table. It explains that the periodic table organizes the chemical elements and provides order that was lacking prior to its development. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables by arranging elements by atomic mass, with similar reacting elements in columns. The current table is organized by atomic number. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. The document outlines several important families of elements on the periodic table, including their properties and significance.
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Periodictable
The document discusses the importance and history of the periodic table. It explains how Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables by organizing elements by atomic weight, though the current table is organized by atomic number. The periodic table groups elements into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Certain groups are called families that contain elements with similar characteristics, such as the alkali metals in group 1 and the noble gases in group 18.
The periodic table by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
The periodic table organizes the known elements into rows and columns based on their atomic structure and properties. It was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in the 1860s to bring order to the many known elements by arranging them in order of atomic mass and grouping those with similar chemical properties. The periodic table is useful for chemists because it allows them to easily find trends in physical and chemical properties among elements in the same group. It organizes vast amounts of information about elements in a concise visual format.
Periodic Table Presentation
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion based on their atomic structure. It allows chemists to predict properties and find information more easily. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass and placing those with similar properties in columns. The current table is organized by increasing atomic number and elements are grouped together based on their valence electrons and chemical properties. The periodic table is a useful tool that provides essential information about all known elements and the relationships between them.
Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic structure. It arranges elements in rows and columns, with elements in the same column having similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. The periodic table is useful to chemists because it allows them to predict how elements will react and form bonds based on their position in the table.
Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic number and properties. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables in 1869 by arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, which allowed for the prediction of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and places them into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Elements within the same group have similar properties including their valence electrons and the types of ions they form.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes the elements and provides useful information to chemists. It was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in the late 1800s by arranging elements in rows by atomic weight and columns by chemical properties. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and divides them into groups and periods that predict chemical and physical trends. The position of an element on the periodic table reveals its valence electrons and how it will bond and react.
The Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table by organizing the elements based on their atomic structure and properties. He arranged them in a grid with periods running left to right and groups running top to bottom. This allowed him to predict properties of elements not yet discovered and became the standard organization of the elements that is still used today.
The periodic table notes
Dmitri Mendeleev created the first periodic table in 1869 by organizing the known 63 elements based on their properties. He noticed patterns that allowed him to predict properties of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table is arranged by atomic number with periods in horizontal rows and groups in vertical columns. It contains 117 known elements and illustrates patterns in their properties based on atomic structure.
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Periodictable
The document discusses the importance and history of the periodic table. It explains how Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables by organizing elements by atomic weight, though the current table is organized by atomic number. The periodic table groups elements into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Certain groups are called families that contain elements with similar characteristics, such as the alkali metals in group 1 and the noble gases in group 18.
The periodic table by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
The periodic table organizes the known elements into rows and columns based on their atomic structure and properties. It was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in the 1860s to bring order to the many known elements by arranging them in order of atomic mass and grouping those with similar chemical properties. The periodic table is useful for chemists because it allows them to easily find trends in physical and chemical properties among elements in the same group. It organizes vast amounts of information about elements in a concise visual format.
Periodic Table Presentation
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion based on their atomic structure. It allows chemists to predict properties and find information more easily. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass and placing those with similar properties in columns. The current table is organized by increasing atomic number and elements are grouped together based on their valence electrons and chemical properties. The periodic table is a useful tool that provides essential information about all known elements and the relationships between them.
Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic structure. It arranges elements in rows and columns, with elements in the same column having similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. The periodic table is useful to chemists because it allows them to predict how elements will react and form bonds based on their position in the table.
Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic number and properties. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables in 1869 by arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, which allowed for the prediction of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and places them into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Elements within the same group have similar properties including their valence electrons and the types of ions they form.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes the elements and provides useful information to chemists. It was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in the late 1800s by arranging elements in rows by atomic weight and columns by chemical properties. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and divides them into groups and periods that predict chemical and physical trends. The position of an element on the periodic table reveals its valence electrons and how it will bond and react.
The Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table by organizing the elements based on their atomic structure and properties. He arranged them in a grid with periods running left to right and groups running top to bottom. This allowed him to predict properties of elements not yet discovered and became the standard organization of the elements that is still used today.
The periodic table notes
Dmitri Mendeleev created the first periodic table in 1869 by organizing the known 63 elements based on their properties. He noticed patterns that allowed him to predict properties of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table is arranged by atomic number with periods in horizontal rows and groups in vertical columns. It contains 117 known elements and illustrates patterns in their properties based on atomic structure.
Elements
This document discusses elements, compounds, and the periodic table of elements. It defines elements as pure substances that cannot be broken down further. Elements have unique physical properties used to classify them, like melting point and density. The periodic table arranges elements according to these properties. It was created by Dmitri Mendeleev and contains 118 elements, showing their atomic number, mass, and whether they exist naturally as solids, liquids or gases. The periodic table is organized into periods and groups, with representative elements like the alkali metals and noble gases. Elements are divided into metals, nonmetals and metalloids based on their physical properties such as conductivity and reactivity.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes elements according to increasing atomic number and displays their chemical and physical properties. Dmitri Mendeleev arranged elements in a table that predicted undiscovered elements. Henry Moseley determined that atomic number, not atomic mass, was key to the table's structure. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their locations and properties. The table shows how elements' properties periodically repeat according to their atomic structure.
Periodic table notes
- Dmitri Mendeleev organized the elements into the periodic table based on their atomic mass and recognized repeating patterns in their properties. He left space for undiscovered elements.
- Henry Moseley determined that atomic number, the number of protons, allowed elements to be organized into a definite pattern according to the periodic law where chemical and physical properties repeat periodically with increasing atomic number.
- The periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and provides information on each element including name, symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, and whether they are metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.
Periodic Table (Science)
The document summarizes key information about the periodic table, including that there are 118 known elements as of 2010, with 94 found naturally on Earth. It describes how chemistry was disorganized before the periodic table was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev, who arranged elements in rows by atomic weight and columns by chemical properties, leaving spaces for undiscovered elements. The current periodic table arranges elements by atomic number in rows called periods and columns called groups, which have similar properties based on their valence electrons. Key groups described include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases.
Periodic table ppt
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic number and properties. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables in 1869 by arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, which allowed for the prediction of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and places them into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Elements within the same group have similar properties including their valence electrons and the types of ions they form.
Periodic Table Presentation
The document discusses the organization and elements of the periodic table. It explains that the periodic table is organized into periods and groups. It lists some of the key groups including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides. It also discusses families and provides examples of elements found in different families like lead in the transition elements family and calcium and magnesium in the alkaline earth metals family. It concludes with reference sources for more information on the periodic table.
Periodic table
The document discusses the origins and development of the periodic table. It describes how Dmitri Mendeleyev organized the known elements into a table based on their chemical properties, leaving gaps that predicted future discoveries. Modern periodic tables continue to organize elements into rows and columns based on their properties, classifying them into groups like metals, nonmetals, noble gases, and transition metals.
The periodic table
The periodic table is a chart that arranges the chemical elements by atomic number and displays their properties. It is divided into 18 groups and 7 periods, with elements classified as metals, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and noble gases. The periodic table helps identify elements, solve problems involving elements, and determine atomic mass and valence. Groups show trends in properties down the column, while periods show more significance horizontally in some regions.
Element Classification
This document discusses the classification and properties of elements according to their position on the periodic table. It describes the three main groups of elements - metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are shiny, conductive, malleable, and lose electrons to form positive ions. Nonmetals are dull, poor conductors, brittle, and gain electrons to form negative ions. Metalloids have some properties of both metals and nonmetals. Within these groups, elements are further classified based on their specific properties, such as alkali metals being very reactive and noble gases being stable and unreactive. Hydrogen and helium are also discussed as having unique behaviors compared to other elements.
Periodicity
The document discusses the early development of the periodic table by Dmitri Mendeleev in the 1860s. Mendeleev organized the known elements by writing their names and properties on cards and experimenting with different arrangements, noticing that elements eight positions to the left or right had similar properties. This led to Mendeleev developing one of the first recognizable periodic tables, which grouped elements into columns with consistent properties.
The Periodic Table
The document summarizes key aspects of the periodic table. It describes how the periodic table is organized into rows called periods and columns called families or groups. Elements in the same group have similar properties. Metals are on the left and center of the table, while non-metals are on the right. Metalloids separate metals and non-metals. Chemical families have elements with similar properties, such as alkali metals in Group 1 reacting easily with water and air. The number of valence electrons increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.
Elements
The document summarizes the history and importance of the periodic table of elements. It explains that early chemistry was disorganized until Dmitri Mendeleev published the first periodic table in 1869, arranging elements by atomic mass. Henry Moseley later improved on this by arranging elements by atomic number. The modern periodic table organizes all known elements and provides useful information about their properties and relationships.
The Periodic Table
Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass in a periodic table. He noticed that elements with similar properties appeared to repeat periodically. This allowed him to predict properties of undiscovered elements and correct properties of known elements. Later, Moseley arranged elements by atomic number, solidifying the periodic law. The periodic table organizes elements into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and is still used to predict properties of new elements.
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The document provides information about the periodic table and its development. It discusses how chemists group elements based on their properties, and how Mendeleev arranged the first periodic table by atomic mass, allowing him to predict properties of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements in order of atomic number, and elements within the same period have recurring physical and chemical properties. Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids are distinguished in the periodic table.
Group Names and Properties
Groups are columns on the periodic table that contain elements with the same number of valence electrons. The document discusses several important groups including hydrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, boron family, carbon family, nitrogen family, oxygen family, halogens, and noble gases. It provides key details about the location of each group on the periodic table and chemical properties common to the elements within each group.
Elements and the periodic table 2010
There are three types of elements in the periodic table: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity and are usually malleable and ductile, while nonmetals are poor conductors and are brittle. Metalloids have properties between metals and nonmetals. The periodic table organizes elements into groups and periods based on their properties.
Arranging the elements gr.7 2018
This document provides information about the periodic table, including its history and key features. It discusses how Dmitry Mendeleev discovered a pattern among the elements based on their atomic mass, which led to the creation of the periodic table. Later, Henry Moseley determined that arranging elements by atomic number (number of protons) better fit the observed patterns. The document then describes the main components of the periodic table including periods and groups, and provides examples of the types of information contained in each square. It also defines metals, non-metals and metalloids, and their distinguishing properties.
Chemistry M1 The Periodic table
The document provides guidance for teaching students about trends in the periodic table. It outlines objectives for students to understand periodic trends, chemical bonding types, and the historical development of the periodic table. Activities are described where students will construct their own periodic table and analyze trends within periods and groups. Tables should be created showing how properties vary within periods and groups.
Chemistry Periodic Table
The document discusses how elements are classified in the periodic table. It describes groups I, VII, and VIII, noting that group I elements are reactive metals, group VII are non-metals like halogens, and group VIII are inert noble gases. It also mentions transition metals are located in the middle of the periodic table.
Physical science 5.2 : Grouping Of Elements
The document discusses the properties of elements in each group of the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. Group 1 elements are alkali metals that are soft, reactive metals with one outer electron. Group 2 elements are alkaline-earth metals that are also reactive metals, but less so than Group 1, with two outer electrons. Transition metals in Groups 3-12 vary widely in properties but are generally shinier and better conductors than Groups 2 and below. Other groups discussed include metalloids, nonmetals, and noble gases.
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Elements
This document discusses elements, compounds, and the periodic table of elements. It defines elements as pure substances that cannot be broken down further. Elements have unique physical properties used to classify them, like melting point and density. The periodic table arranges elements according to these properties. It was created by Dmitri Mendeleev and contains 118 elements, showing their atomic number, mass, and whether they exist naturally as solids, liquids or gases. The periodic table is organized into periods and groups, with representative elements like the alkali metals and noble gases. Elements are divided into metals, nonmetals and metalloids based on their physical properties such as conductivity and reactivity.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes elements according to increasing atomic number and displays their chemical and physical properties. Dmitri Mendeleev arranged elements in a table that predicted undiscovered elements. Henry Moseley determined that atomic number, not atomic mass, was key to the table's structure. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their locations and properties. The table shows how elements' properties periodically repeat according to their atomic structure.
Periodic table notes
- Dmitri Mendeleev organized the elements into the periodic table based on their atomic mass and recognized repeating patterns in their properties. He left space for undiscovered elements.
- Henry Moseley determined that atomic number, the number of protons, allowed elements to be organized into a definite pattern according to the periodic law where chemical and physical properties repeat periodically with increasing atomic number.
- The periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and provides information on each element including name, symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, and whether they are metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.
Periodic Table (Science)
The document summarizes key information about the periodic table, including that there are 118 known elements as of 2010, with 94 found naturally on Earth. It describes how chemistry was disorganized before the periodic table was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev, who arranged elements in rows by atomic weight and columns by chemical properties, leaving spaces for undiscovered elements. The current periodic table arranges elements by atomic number in rows called periods and columns called groups, which have similar properties based on their valence electrons. Key groups described include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases.
Periodic table ppt
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements in an orderly fashion according to their atomic number and properties. Dmitri Mendeleev created one of the first periodic tables in 1869 by arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, which allowed for the prediction of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and places them into rows called periods and columns called groups based on their chemical and physical properties. Elements within the same group have similar properties including their valence electrons and the types of ions they form.
Periodic Table Presentation
The document discusses the organization and elements of the periodic table. It explains that the periodic table is organized into periods and groups. It lists some of the key groups including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides. It also discusses families and provides examples of elements found in different families like lead in the transition elements family and calcium and magnesium in the alkaline earth metals family. It concludes with reference sources for more information on the periodic table.
Periodic table
The document discusses the origins and development of the periodic table. It describes how Dmitri Mendeleyev organized the known elements into a table based on their chemical properties, leaving gaps that predicted future discoveries. Modern periodic tables continue to organize elements into rows and columns based on their properties, classifying them into groups like metals, nonmetals, noble gases, and transition metals.
The periodic table
The periodic table is a chart that arranges the chemical elements by atomic number and displays their properties. It is divided into 18 groups and 7 periods, with elements classified as metals, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and noble gases. The periodic table helps identify elements, solve problems involving elements, and determine atomic mass and valence. Groups show trends in properties down the column, while periods show more significance horizontally in some regions.
Element Classification
This document discusses the classification and properties of elements according to their position on the periodic table. It describes the three main groups of elements - metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are shiny, conductive, malleable, and lose electrons to form positive ions. Nonmetals are dull, poor conductors, brittle, and gain electrons to form negative ions. Metalloids have some properties of both metals and nonmetals. Within these groups, elements are further classified based on their specific properties, such as alkali metals being very reactive and noble gases being stable and unreactive. Hydrogen and helium are also discussed as having unique behaviors compared to other elements.
Periodicity
The document discusses the early development of the periodic table by Dmitri Mendeleev in the 1860s. Mendeleev organized the known elements by writing their names and properties on cards and experimenting with different arrangements, noticing that elements eight positions to the left or right had similar properties. This led to Mendeleev developing one of the first recognizable periodic tables, which grouped elements into columns with consistent properties.
The Periodic Table
The document summarizes key aspects of the periodic table. It describes how the periodic table is organized into rows called periods and columns called families or groups. Elements in the same group have similar properties. Metals are on the left and center of the table, while non-metals are on the right. Metalloids separate metals and non-metals. Chemical families have elements with similar properties, such as alkali metals in Group 1 reacting easily with water and air. The number of valence electrons increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.
Elements
The document summarizes the history and importance of the periodic table of elements. It explains that early chemistry was disorganized until Dmitri Mendeleev published the first periodic table in 1869, arranging elements by atomic mass. Henry Moseley later improved on this by arranging elements by atomic number. The modern periodic table organizes all known elements and provides useful information about their properties and relationships.
The Periodic Table
Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass in a periodic table. He noticed that elements with similar properties appeared to repeat periodically. This allowed him to predict properties of undiscovered elements and correct properties of known elements. Later, Moseley arranged elements by atomic number, solidifying the periodic law. The periodic table organizes elements into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and is still used to predict properties of new elements.
Lecture 6.1- The Periodic Table
The document provides information about the periodic table and its development. It discusses how chemists group elements based on their properties, and how Mendeleev arranged the first periodic table by atomic mass, allowing him to predict properties of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table arranges elements in order of atomic number, and elements within the same period have recurring physical and chemical properties. Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids are distinguished in the periodic table.
Group Names and Properties
Groups are columns on the periodic table that contain elements with the same number of valence electrons. The document discusses several important groups including hydrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, boron family, carbon family, nitrogen family, oxygen family, halogens, and noble gases. It provides key details about the location of each group on the periodic table and chemical properties common to the elements within each group.
Elements and the periodic table 2010
There are three types of elements in the periodic table: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity and are usually malleable and ductile, while nonmetals are poor conductors and are brittle. Metalloids have properties between metals and nonmetals. The periodic table organizes elements into groups and periods based on their properties.
Arranging the elements gr.7 2018
This document provides information about the periodic table, including its history and key features. It discusses how Dmitry Mendeleev discovered a pattern among the elements based on their atomic mass, which led to the creation of the periodic table. Later, Henry Moseley determined that arranging elements by atomic number (number of protons) better fit the observed patterns. The document then describes the main components of the periodic table including periods and groups, and provides examples of the types of information contained in each square. It also defines metals, non-metals and metalloids, and their distinguishing properties.
Chemistry M1 The Periodic table
The document provides guidance for teaching students about trends in the periodic table. It outlines objectives for students to understand periodic trends, chemical bonding types, and the historical development of the periodic table. Activities are described where students will construct their own periodic table and analyze trends within periods and groups. Tables should be created showing how properties vary within periods and groups.
Chemistry Periodic Table
The document discusses how elements are classified in the periodic table. It describes groups I, VII, and VIII, noting that group I elements are reactive metals, group VII are non-metals like halogens, and group VIII are inert noble gases. It also mentions transition metals are located in the middle of the periodic table.
Physical science 5.2 : Grouping Of Elements
The document discusses the properties of elements in each group of the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. Group 1 elements are alkali metals that are soft, reactive metals with one outer electron. Group 2 elements are alkaline-earth metals that are also reactive metals, but less so than Group 1, with two outer electrons. Transition metals in Groups 3-12 vary widely in properties but are generally shinier and better conductors than Groups 2 and below. Other groups discussed include metalloids, nonmetals, and noble gases.
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This document outlines the key concepts and learning objectives for Chapter 17, which covers solubility equilibria and complex-ion equilibria. The chapter will examine how to determine solubility product constants (Ksp) and use them to calculate solubility. It will also explore how the common ion effect and pH can impact solubility. The chapter will then discuss the formation of complex ions and how they relate to solubility and precipitation. It concludes by looking at applications to qualitative metal ion analysis.
Chapter19
Electrochemistry Basics
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Voltaic Cells-Galvanic Cells
3. Cell Potential
4. Balancing Redox Reactions
5. Rules for Assigning Oxidation states
6. Additional Materials
6.1. I. Conversion
6.2. II. Free Energy & Cell Potential
6.3. III. Nernst equation
6.4. At Equilibrium
7. Terminology
8. Reference
9. Outside Links
10. Contributors
As the name suggests, electrochemistry is the study of changes that cause electrons to move. This movement of electrons is called electricity. In electrochemistry, electricity can be generated by movements of electrons from one element to another in a reaction known as a redox reaction or oxidation-reduction react
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Dmitri Mendeleev invented the first periodic table in 1869 by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass. He left gaps for missing elements and correctly predicted their properties. Later, Moseley improved the table by arranging elements by atomic number. The periodic table is divided into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Transition elements make up groups 3-12, while groups 1-2 and 13-18 are representative elements including metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Each element has unique physical and chemical properties based on its position in the periodic table.
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Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass in a periodic table. He noticed that elements with similar properties fell into recurring patterns, allowing him to predict properties of undiscovered elements. Later, Moseley arranged elements by atomic number, better reflecting their properties. The periodic table organizes elements into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, which have characteristic physical and chemical properties depending on their group and period.
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Periodicablepresenaion
- 2. Why is the Periodic Table important to me? • The periodic table is the most useful tool to a chemist. • You get to use it on every test. • It organizes lots of information about all the known elements.
- 3. Pre-Periodic Table Chemistry … • …was a mess!!! • No organization of elements. • Imagine going to a grocery store with no organization!! • Difficult to find information. • Chemistry didn’t make sense.
- 4. Dmitri Mendeleev: Father of the Table HOW HIS WORKED… • Put elements in rows by increasing atomic weight. • Put elements in columns by the way they reacted. SOME PROBLEMS… • He left blank spaces for what he said were undiscovered elements. (Turned out he was right!) • He broke the pattern of increasing atomic weight to keep similar reacting elements together.
- 5. The Current Periodic Table • Mendeleev wasn’t too far off. • Now the elements are put in rows by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER!! • The horizontal rows are called periods and are labeled from 1 to 7. • The vertical columns are called groups are labeled from 1 to 18.
- 6. Groups…Here’s Where the Periodic Table Gets Useful!! • Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties!! • (Mendeleev did that on purpose.) Why?? • They have the same number of valence electrons. • They will form the same kinds of ions.
- 7. Families on the Periodic Table • Columns are also grouped into families. • Families may be one column, or several columns put together. • Families have names rather than numbers. (Just like your family has a common last name.)
- 8. Hydrogen • Hydrogen belongs to a family of its own. • Hydrogen is a diatomic, reactive gas. • Hydrogen was involved in the explosion of the Hindenberg. • Hydrogen is promising as an alternative fuel source for automobiles
- 9. Alkali Metals • 1st column on the periodic table (Group 1) not including hydrogen. • Very reactive metals, always combined with something else in nature (like in salt). • Soft enough to cut with a butter knife
- 10. Alkaline Earth Metals • Second column on the periodic table. (Group 2) • Reactive metals that are always combined with nonmetals in nature. • Several of these elements are important mineral nutrients (such as Mg and Ca
- 11. Transition Metals • Elements in groups 3-12 • Less reactive harder metals • Includes metals used in jewelry and construction. • Metals used “as metal.”
- 12. Boron Family • Elements in group 13 • Aluminum metal was once rare and expensive, not a “disposable metal.”
- 13. Carbon Family • Elements in group 14 • Contains elements important to life and computers. • Carbon is the basis for an entire branch of chemistry. • Silicon and Germanium are important semiconductors.
- 14. Nitrogen Family • Elements in group 15 • Nitrogen makes up over ¾ of the atmosphere. • Nitrogen and phosphorus are both important in living things. • Most of the world’s nitrogen is not available to living things. • The red stuff on the tip of matches is phosphorus.
- 15. Oxygen Family or Chalcogens • Elements in group 16 • Oxygen is necessary for respiration. • Many things that stink, contain sulfur (rotten eggs, garlic, skunks,etc.)
- 16. Halogens • Elements in group 17 • Very reactive, volatile, diatomic, nonmetals • Always found combined with other element in nature . • Used as disinfectants and to strengthen teeth.
- 17. The Noble Gases
- 18. The Noble Gases • Elements in group 18 • VERY unreactive, monatomic gases • Used in lighted “neon” signs • Used in blimps to fix the Hindenberg problem. • Have a full valence shell.