Science 8 Quarter 3 Periodic Table of Elements

4. Elements
• Each element on the
Periodic Table has an atomic
number, symbol, name and
average atomic mass.
• Atomic number – the number
of protons found in the nucleus
of an atom.
• Average atomic mass – the
mass of an atom including the
protons, neutrons and
electrons.

5. Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev
- Initially made it easy for us to predict the physical and
chemical behavior of an element when he published his
version of the periodic table in 1869
- He meticulously arranged the elements based on
increasing atomic weight and had it in a readable format.
There was a predictive power in his table - based on
the periodic law, Mendeleev believed that more elements
would be discovered someday. He left spaces in his table
where the elements would be placed once they had been
discovered.

6. Figure 1. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

7. In 1913, it was revised by Henry Gwyn
Jeffreys Moseley, an English physicist who
discovered that atomic number is the most
fundamental property of an element and not
its atomic mass (Figure 2).

9. How is it arranged?
The red lines show the different periods and the green lines
show the groups.

10. Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
• The major categories of elements are the
metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
• Metals are lustrous, malleable, and are
good conductors of heat and electricity.
• Non-metals are elements that do not
share the properties of metals.
• Metalloids are elements that share some,
but not all the properties of metals.

11. Metals - Lustrous, Malleable, and
Good Conductors?
These are physical properties of metals
• Lustrous means shiny or reflective of
light.
– Coins and jewelry are shiny and reflective .
• Malleable means capable of being
shaped.
– Aluminum foil is shaped or molded around food
items to keep them fresh.

12. • Being a Good Conductor means being
able to allow electricity and heat to flow
through.
−When you think about the wires we use
for electrical devices, they are mostly
made of copper and other metals.

13. Group of Elements
and their Special
Names

14. Alkali Metals
• Elements in Group 1 (not including
Hydrogen).
• Very reactive metals. Always combine
with something else in nature.
• Salt – an Alkali Metal,
Sodium, and another
element, Chlorine,
combined.

15. Alkaline Earth Metals
• Elements in Group 2.
• Reactive Metals that are
always combined with
non-metals in nature.
• Several of these
elements are important
mineral nutrients, like
Calcium.

16. Transition Metals
• Elements in Groups 3-12.
• Less reactive, harder metals.
• Includes metals used in jewelry, money and
construction.

17. Boron Family
• Elements in Group 13.
• Boron has properties of both metals
and non-metals.
• The rest of the elements in this
group are metals.

18. Carbon Family
• Elements in Group 14.
• Contains elements important to life
and computers.
• Carbon is the basic element in all
organic compounds.
• Silicon and
Germanium are
important
semiconductors.

19. Nitrogen Family
• Elements in Group 15.
• Nitrogen makes up more than ¾ of
our atmosphere.
• The red tip of matches is made of
phosphorous.

20. Oxygen Family or Chalcogens
• Elements in Group 16.
• Oxygen is necessary for
respiration.
• Many things that have a bad odor
contain sulfur.

21. Halogens
• Elements in Group 17.
• These elements are known to
be salt-forming.
• Always found combined with other
elements in nature.
• Chlorine is used to keep bacteria
out of swimming pools.

22. Noble Gases
• Elements in Group 18.
• VERY reactive gases.
• Used in lighted neon signs.
• Helium is used to make party
balloons float.

23. WHO’S WHO?
Choose from the box below.
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev
Lothar Meyer
John Newlands
Johann Dobereiner

24. Let’s do this!
Activity 1: My Location!
Direction: Using your periodic table, identify the element that is
specified in each of the items.
1. The element in period 5, group 10
2. The element in period 4, group 15
3. The element in period 3, group 2
4. The element in period 5, group 18
5. The element in period 4, group 13
Palladium ( Pd )
Arsenic ( As )
Magnesium ( Mg )
Xenon ( Xe )
Gallium ( Ga )

25. Directions: The elements below and their food sources are essential
nutrition our body needs. Identify each of these element’s period
number (1), group number (2), and group name (3).
Activity 7: I Got You!
1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________

26. 1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________

27. 1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________

29. 1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________
4
IIA or 2A
ALKALINE EARTH METALS

30. 1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________
4
1
ALKALI METAL

31. 1.Period number: _____
2.Group number: _____
3.Group name: __________
4
12
TRANSITION
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