Acids are corrosive and sour, reacting with metals and bases to produce hydrogen ions and turn litmus paper pink, with a pH between 0-7. Bases are slippery or bitter, react with fats and acids to produce hydroxide ions and turn litmus blue, with a pH of 7-14. Nonmetal oxides like carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide form acidic oxides in water, while most metallic oxides react with water to form basic solutions like sodium hydroxide.

1. Acids-Corrosive “burn” to touch
-Sour in taste
-Reacts with metals, carbonates
and bases
-Produce H+ ions in solution
-Turn litmus paper to pink
-Have a pH between 0-7

2. Bases
-Slippery to touch
-Bitter in taste
-Reacts with fats, oils and acids
-Produce OH-ions in solution
-Turn litmus paper to blue
-Have a pH between 7-14

3. Acidic Oxides
Oxides that form acidic solutions
Non metal oxides form acidic oxides
e.g. Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide etc
CO2(g)+H2O(l)→H2CO3(aq)
SO2(g)+H2O(l)→H2SO4(aq)

4. Basic Oxides
Most Metallic elements form basic
oxides.
Basic oxides react with water to form
bases.
Na(s)+O2(g)→2Na2O(s)+energy
Na2O(s)+H2O(l)→2NaOH(aq)+energy