The document discusses key concepts about the periodic table including: - Locating metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and identifying families such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and inert gases. - Describing properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and how they differ. - Explaining that periods indicate the number of electron shells an element has and families indicate the number of valence electrons. - Identifying important families on the periodic table including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and inert gases.

1. Periodic Table
Objectives
 5.4 Locate metals, nonmetals and metalloids in the
periodic table.
 5.5 Locate the family of alkali metals, alkaline earth
metals, halogens and inert gases in the periodic
table.
 5.6 Describe the progression of certain properties
of elements in a given period on the basis of
their atomic number.
 5.8 Justify the classification of alkali metals,
alkaline earth metals, halogens and inert gases
in the periodic table on the basis of the
simplified atomic model currently in use.

2. Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids
Elements have characteristic properties
that allow them to be classified into
three groups.
1
2
3

3.  Lustre (shiny)
 Conduct heat and electricity
 Ductile (can pull into wires)
 Malleable (bendable)
 Dense
 Most are solid at room temperature
 Release gas when placed in acid
Properties of METALS

4.  Dull (not shiny)
 Poor or non-conductors
 Non-ductile
 Non-malleable (doesn’t bend)
 Low densities
 Will not react with acids
 Can be gases, liquids or solids
Properties of NON-METALS

5. Metalloids are known as the
“in between” group.
They have some properties of both
metals and non-metals.
There are only 7 of these.
Properties of METALLOIDS
Si (Silicon) is shiny but is not
malleable or ductile

6. Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids
 Metals are found to the left of the
step line on the periodic table.
 Non-metals are to the right of this
line.
o Metalloids
cluster right
around this
line.
Hydrogen is
not a metal

7. 7/11 Metalloids,
according to Observatory
 Boron, B, Big
 Silicon, Si, Silly
 Germanium, Ge, Germans
 Arsenic, As, Ask
 Antimony, Sb, Auntie
 Tellurium, Te, To Tell
 Astatine, At, A Tale

8. State whether these are metals, non-
metals or metalloids. (use your periodic
table as a guide)
(CLICK FOR ANSWER)

9. State whether each of these is a metals
non-metal or metalloid
1.Shiny and ductile ______________________
2. Malleable and non conductor _____________
3. Reacts with an acid and non ductile _________
4. Non malleable and dull _________________
(CLICK FOR ANSWER)

10. 5. Releases a gas when placed in an acid
______________________
6. Will not react with an acid _________________
7. Ductile and non conductor _________________
8. Low density _________________
9. Non malleable and ductile _________________

11. PERIODIC TABLE
Elements on the periodic table are
organized according to their similar
properties.
 Columns (going down on the periodic table) are
called groups or families
 Rows (going across of the periodic table are called
periods.

12. Groups (Families) (Columns)
• 1st column is called alkali metals
(Group IA)
• 2nd column is called alkaline earth
metals (Group IIA)
• 7th column is called halogens
(Group VIIA)
• The last or 8th column is called the inert
or noble gases (Group VIIIA)
There are 4 groups (families) that this
course is concerned with.
Next slide will show you a visual!

13. Please mark these onto your
own periodic table
IA – Alkali Metals
IIA – Alkaline
Earth Metals
VIIA - Halogens
VIIIA – Inert or
Noble
Gases

14. Properties of Alkali Metals
Properties of Alkaline Earth Metals
• Soft, light metals that melt at low
temperatures
• High degree of reactivity, especially
with water
• Grey solids
• Hard
• Reactive

15. Properties of Halogens
Properties of Inert (Noble) Gases
• Corrosive and toxic
• Very reactive and colored
• Often form compounds with
other elements
• No chemical reactivity
• Colorless
• Do not form compounds with
other elements

16. State which FAMILY the following
substances belong to by reading its
description:
1.Very Hard ______________________
2. Very reactive and corrosive _____________
3. Soft light metal ___________________
4. Non reactive with other elements
_________________
(CLICK FOR ANSWER)

17. Families and Periods
The period # and the family # gives you very
important information.
- Tells you how many energy
shells an element has
- Tells you the number of
valence electrons an element
has

18. 3 P+
4 N0
2 e-
1 e-
Li
7
3
WHAT IS VALENCE ELECTRONS?
Valence electrons are the number of
electrons in the outer most shell of
an element.
1 valence
electron
Lithium Magnesium
Mg
24
12
8 e-
2 e-
2 e-
2 valence
electrons
12 P+
12 N0
WHAT ARE ENERGY SHELLS?

19. Recall:
Families - # of valence
Periods - # of shells
1st family so…. 1 valence electron
3rd period so…. 3 energy shells
How many valence electrons and
shells does the following element have?
7th family so…. 7 valence electron
4th period so…. 4 energy shells
4th family so…. 4 valence electron
5th period so…. 5 energy shells

20. How many energy shells and
valence electrons do the following
elements have? (Click For Answer)
Element Valence
Electron
Energy
Shells
Ca 2 4
N 5 2
Rb 1 5
Te 6 5
F 7 2

21. WHICH ELEMENT…..
Is reactive and has 2
energy shells?
Has 4 energy shells and
is very reactive with
water?
Has 3 valence electrons
and 4 energy shells?
Is a colorless gas and has 4 energy
levels?

22.  Note the difference of the properties of
metals, non-metals and metalloids.
 Be able to find metals, nonmetals and
metalloids on your periodic table
 Know the Families and names of the
first two and last two rows
 Group IA – Alkali Metals
 Group IIA – Alkaline Earth Metals
 Group VIIA – Halogens
 Group VIIIA – Inert or Noble Gases

23.  Valence Electrons are found in the
outermost shell. The maximum number is 8.
 You must be able to tell how many valence
electrons each Family on the Periodic Table
has.
 Remember:
Families – tells you # of
valence electrons
Periods – tells you # of
energy shells

24. 1st 20 Elements
 Hi, Hello, Little Betty Became
Charlie's Number One Friend and
Neighbor.
 Native Magpies Always Sit
Peacefully Searching Clear Areas.