Gene amplification through PCR can amplify specific DNA sequences in vitro. It involves repeating cycles of heating and cooling of the DNA sample to denature and renature it in the presence of DNA polymerase and primers. PCR is used for a variety of applications including cloning genes, detecting infections, and diagnosing genetic disorders. Some challenges with PCR include errors from the polymerase enzyme and non-specific priming of primers to non-target DNA sequences.

1. Gene amplification through PCR Presented By P.UMA DEVI RVM 08-26 MVSC 1 ND YEAR

18. dNTPs in the reaction mix

34. Real Time PCR

43. Comparison PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction and Gene Cloning Two to four days Four hours Time for a typical experiment 12. Required Not required User’s skill 11. More Less Cost 10. Less More Applications 9. More Less Error probability 8. Yes No Labour intensive 7. No Yes Automation 6. Restriction enzymes, Ligase, vector. bacteria DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase) Biological reagents required 5. Microgram (m) Nanogram (ng) Quantity of starting material 4. Last step First step Selectivity of the specific segment from complex DNA 3. In vitro and in vivo In vitro Manipulation 2. Selective amplification of specific sequence Selective amplification of specific sequence Final result 1. Gene cloning PCR Parameter

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