A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle.
More than half of all proteins interact with membranes.
A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle.
More than half of all proteins interact with membranes.
Facilitated diffusion (also known as facilitated transport or passive-mediated transport) is the process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins
A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light. The DNA sequence of a gene can be altered in a number of ways. Gene mutations have varying effects on health, depending on where they occur and whether they alter the function of essential proteins. Mutations are two types that are Gene mutation and Chromosome mutation. Gene mutation are further divided into Point and frameshift mutation. Point mutation are three types ie. Silent mutation, Missense mutation and Nonsense mutation. Frameshift mutation are of two types that are addition and deletion. Chromosome mutations are further classified into Deletion, duplication, inversion and translocation.
Cell Membrane Transport/Factors/Transport of SubstancesPharmacy Universe
The gradient consists of two parts, the electrical potential and a difference in the chemical concentration across a membrane.
In biological processes, the direction an ion moves by diffusion or active transport across a membrane is determined by the electrochemical gradient.
Generally compound moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration (or concentration gradient). All compounds permeable to the phospholipid bilayer will move this way.
Facilitated diffusion (also known as facilitated transport or passive-mediated transport) is the process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins
A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light. The DNA sequence of a gene can be altered in a number of ways. Gene mutations have varying effects on health, depending on where they occur and whether they alter the function of essential proteins. Mutations are two types that are Gene mutation and Chromosome mutation. Gene mutation are further divided into Point and frameshift mutation. Point mutation are three types ie. Silent mutation, Missense mutation and Nonsense mutation. Frameshift mutation are of two types that are addition and deletion. Chromosome mutations are further classified into Deletion, duplication, inversion and translocation.
Cell Membrane Transport/Factors/Transport of SubstancesPharmacy Universe
The gradient consists of two parts, the electrical potential and a difference in the chemical concentration across a membrane.
In biological processes, the direction an ion moves by diffusion or active transport across a membrane is determined by the electrochemical gradient.
Generally compound moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration (or concentration gradient). All compounds permeable to the phospholipid bilayer will move this way.
This is a quick revision test designed to make sure you know all the key terms and diagrams from the IB Biology specification.
It covers the whole of the first core topic in the International Baccalaureate Biology on cells and is suitable for both Standard and Higher Level students sitting examinations from 2016 onwards.
It is out of 100 marks!
All the answers are also provided in this file.
Transport across cell membrane, CELL MEMBRANERajshri Ghogare
Transport across cell membrane, Active transport, Active transport,
Types of passive transport-Diffusion, Filtration, Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion , Types of active transport antiport and symport
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Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
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Humble Origins
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Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
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Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
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4. Selective Permeability
• The phospholipid bilayer is selectively permeable.
• Some molecules can pass through easily (diffusion)
• Others use a ‘tunnel’ (facilitated diffusion)
• Others need energy to cross the membrane (active
transport)
5. Diffusion
• Passive = does not
require energy
Diffusion is the passive movement of particles
from areas of high concentration to low
concentration.
7. Factors affecting diffusion
There are 3 main factors that affect the rate of diffusion:
1. Concentration gradient
2. Surface area
3. Length of diffusion path
11. Adaptations in Nature
Find 3 examples of how nature maximises the rate of
diffusion. Use diagrams to explain how each example
works.
12. Facilitated diffusion
• This is the passive movement of molecules across the
membrane, down the concentration gradient.
• It does not use energy, so it is therefore still passive.
• It uses a carrier protein. This is because the molecule would
not otherwise be able to pass through the phospholipid bilayer
• The carrier protein is specific to the type of molecule; it cannot
transport other molecules.
14. Questions
1. Explain how facilitated diffusion is different from simple
diffusion.
2. Explain why some molecules require transport proteins
to cross the cell membrane, despite having a strong
concentration gradient.
3. Find and describe two examples of facilitated diffusion.
15. Osmosis
• This is the passive movement of water molecules
from areas of low solute concentration to areas
of high solute concentration.
16. Osmosis
• Water moves by osmosis from an area of low solute
concentration (more water) to high solute concentration
(less water).
• The solute particles cannot move to balance the
concentrations as they are too large to fit through the
pores of the selectively permeable membrane.
18. Summary Questions
1. Construct a table to compare the 3 types of passive
transport.
2. Explain why the term “passive” transport is used.
3. Identify 3 ways of increasing the rate of diffusion.
4. Compare osmosis and simple diffusion. What are the
similarities and differences?
