This document provides information about parts of speech including nouns, pronouns, verbs, and adverbs. It defines each part of speech, provides examples, and categorizes their types. For nouns, it describes countable and uncountable nouns, and the five types of nouns. For pronouns, it outlines the six types including personal, possessive, and reflexive pronouns. It also defines finite and infinite verbs, and the four types of verbs. Finally, it discusses the three types of adverbs and how they are used to modify other parts of speech.

3. Leader name :
Haider Chaudhary BITM-F15-034
Members name :
Umair Shahid BITM-F15-023
Rana Abuzar BITM-F15-0
Aneeq Rajpoot BITM-F15-020
BS(IT) 1st Semester section:(A)

5. SPEECH
 It is a group of sentences
SENTENCES
 It is a group of words

6. NOUN
 It is a name of person, place or thing
 E.g.
 Boy ,city or chair etc.
 This is a boy
 We live in a city
 It is a chair

7. CATAGORIES OF NOUN
 There are two categories of noun
 Countable noun
 Those nouns which can be counted
 Examples
 I bought Sunday’s all paper

8. Uncountable noun
 Those noun which cannot be counted
 Examples
 Book is made of paper
 Gold is a precious metal

9. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
 Uncountable noun consist of:
 Material noun:
 Metals, substances etc.
 Abstract noun:
 Personification
 Collective noun:
 Plural (when verified)
 singular

10. TYPES OF NOUN
 There are five types of noun
 Common noun:
 Boy, city, pen etc.
 Proper noun:
 Quaid-e-Azam, Ravi, Lahore etc.
 Collective noun:
 Army ,Team ,Jury etc.

11. TYPES OF NOUN
 Abstract noun:
 Quality: honesty ,truth ,wisdom etc.
 Action : laughter ,judgment etc.
 State: childhood ,death ,sickness etc.
 Material noun:
 Iron ,gold ,milk, copper etc.

12. PRONOUN
 It is a word that is use in place of noun
 EXAMPLES
 He is a boy
 She goes to school
 He bowls Anwar

13. TYPES OF PRONOUN
 There are six types of pronoun
 Central pronoun
 Reciprocal pronoun
 Demonstrative pronoun
 Relative pronoun
 Interrogative pronoun
 Indefinite pronoun

14. Central pronoun
 There are three types of pronoun
 Personal pronoun
 Possessive pronoun
 reflexive pronoun

15. TYPES OF CENTRAL
PRONOUN
 Personal pronoun
 Personal pronoun represents people or thing
 Personal pronoun consist of
 Subjective personal pronoun
 Example
 You are happy
 They won the match
 Objective personal pronoun
 Examples
 Sana knows her
 Haider gave him the letter

16. Types of central pronoun
 Personal pronouns are
 I
 we
 You
 He
 She
 It
 They

17. TYPES OF CENTRAL
PRONOUN
 Possessive pronoun
 A pronoun used to express possession of
 ownership
 Examples
 This book is mine
 This garden is ours

18. Types of central pronoun
 Possessive pronouns are
 Mine
 Our, Ours
 Your, Yours
 His
 Her, Hers
 Its
 Their, Theirs

19. TYPES OF CENTRAL
PRONOUN
 Reflexive pronoun
 We use reflexive pronoun when the subject
and object refer to same person
 Examples
 I cut myself
 Sana hurt himself
 She scratches herself

20. TYPES OF CENTRAL
PRONOUN
 Reflexive pronouns are
 Myself
 Ourselves
 Yourself
 Himself
 Themselves
 Oneself

21. RECIPROCAL PRONOUN
 A pronoun used to talk about mutual
relationship
 Examples
 We give each other gift during the holidays
 Henna and Sana hate each other
 The students congratulated one another after
giving speeches

22. RECIPROCAL PRONOUN
 Reciprocal pronoun are
 Each other
 One another

23. DEMONSTRATIVE
PRONOUN
 A demonstrative pronoun points out the
object to which it refers
 Examples
 This is very yummy!
 These are the most comfortable
 That is not mine
 Bring me those

24. DEMONSTRATIVE
PRONOUN
 Demonstrative pronouns are
 This
 These
 That
 Those

25. RELATIVE PRONOUN
 A relative pronoun refers to same noun going
before it
 Examples
 The boy that stole my pencil is absent
 I wrote a letter to my friend who lives in
Lahore
 This is the book which I want to buy

26. RELATIVE PRONOUN
 Relative pronouns are
 Who
 Whom
 Whose
 Which
 Where
 That
 why
 when

27. INTEROGATIVE
PRONOUN
 Such pronouns are used to ask questions
 Examples
 What can I give you?
 Whose are these books?
 Whom do you wish to marry?
 Interrogative pronouns are
 Who
 Whom
 Whose
 How

28. INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 Those pronoun that are not definite in
meaning or used to denote unlimited persons
or things
 Examples
 Anything is possible if you believe
 Some are born great
 One must do one’s duty

29. INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 Indefinite pronouns are
 Everybody
 Anybody
 Some all
 One
 None
 Each
 Every
 Few

30. TYPES OF INDEFINITE
PRONOUN
 There are four types of indefinite pronoun
 Types
 Universal indefinite pronoun
 Positive assertive pronoun
 Negative assertive pronoun
 Non assertive pronoun

31. UNIVERSAL INDEFINITE
PRONOUN
 All the words using all , each and every are
known as universal indefinite pronoun
 Examples
 All the students present in the class
 Each of us has a book
 Every one of Pakistani is brave

32. POSITIVEV ASSERTIVE
INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 All the sentences using some, half, both, one,
complete is known as positive assertive
indefinite pronoun
 Examples
 Some achieve greatness by hard work
 One must take care of one’s results

33. POSITIVE ASSERTIVE
INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 Paucal
 The word little,
less, least are
paucal and
uncountable
 Examples
 There is a little
water in the jug
 Mutal
 The words a few,
fewer, fewest
are mutal and
countable
 Examples
 There is a few
drops of water

34. NEGATIVE ASSERTIVE
INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 All the sentences using neither, no one,
nothing, none are known as negative
assertive indefinite pronoun
 Examples
 Neither of us pass the examination
 None of the girls is married
 Nothing is so sweet as honey

35. NON ASSERTIVE
INDEFINITE PRONOUN
 All the sentences using somebody, nobody,
everybody, either is known as non assertive
indefinite pronoun
 Examples
 Either my two sisters is beautiful
 Every body listen to me

36. VERB
 A verb is a word that express an action or a
state of being
 Examples
 Hamid writes
 Saleem goes
 Haider is a good boy

37. CATEGORIES OF VERB
 There are two categories of verb
 Finite verb
 In finite verb
 Finite verb
 A verb which shows time or limited by number,
person, and tense of the subject and have present
and past form is act as finite verb
 Examples
 Haider plays the cricket
 We have written letters

38. CATEGORIES OF VERB
 Infinite verb
 A verb which is not show time and not limited by
number, person and tense of the subject is act as
infinite verb
 ANOTHER DEFINATION
 All the verb containing ing and 3rd form are called
infinite verb
 Example
 we try to sing
 He ate bread
 He ate a burnt bread

39. Features of finite verb Features of infinite verb
 Tense contrast
 Number concord
 Person concord
 Used as
independent clause
 Have do support
 Used in different
moods
 No Tense contrast
 No number concord
 No person concord
 Not used as
independent clause
 Does not have do
support
 Does not used in
different moods
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
FINITE AND INFINITE
VERB

40. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ING AND 3RD FORM
 ING FORM  3RD FORM
 Not used as main
verb
 Present participial is
used
 Incomplete or
continuous action
 Not used as an
adjective
 Example
 He ate bread
 He wrote with a pen
 Used as main verb
 Past participial is
used
 Complete or finished
action
 Used as an adjective
 Example
 He ate a burnt bread
 He wrote a written
letter

41. TYPES OF VERBS
 There are four types of verbs
 Primary verb (auxiliary verb)
 Single transitive verb
 Double transitive verb
 Intransitive verb
 Primary verb
 A verb which helps other verbs to form different tenses
 Examples
 He does his duty well
 He has a lot of ideas
 Auxiliary verbs are
 Has, have, be, do (all its form) shall, can, must
(all its form)

42. TYPES OF VERB
 Single transitive verb
 The verb which demands one or more objects for
its clarification
 Example
 Ali took a pen
 The winner received a prize
 Your brother sent a message
 Note
 Fixed preposition is required for single
transitive verb

43. TYPES OF VERB
 Double transitive verb
 The verb that demands two or more than two objects for its
clarification
 Examples
 we grow crop
 They fly a kite
 They are boiling a water
 Intransitive verb
 The verb that demands no object for its clarification of its
meaning (state ,feelings, emotions)
 Example
 The cats mew
 Crops grow
 A kite flies

44. ADVERB
 It is a word used to modify the meaning of all
parts of speeches expects noun and pronoun
 Example
 He walk slowly
 He writes very rapidly
 KINDS OF ADVERB
 There are three kinds of adverb
 Simple adverb
 Interrogative adverb
 Relative or conjunctive adverb

45. TYPES OF ADVERB
 Simple adverb consist of
 Adverb of time
 Adverb of time are: now, then, since, ago, soon
 Example
 I hope to come soon
 He died two years ago
 Adverb of place
 Adverb of place are: here, there, in, out, within, hence
 Example
 You may go there
 We went inside the room and found nothing

46. TYPES OF ADVERB
 Adverb of number
 Adverb of number are: firstly, twice, thrice,
seldom, often, thirdly, etc.
 Examples
 He failed thrice
 He seldom comes to my house
 Adverb of manner
 Adverb of manner are: amiss, well, ill, as, probably
conveniently etc.
 Examples
 She worked carefully
 He did his work slowly but surely

47. TYPES OF ADVERB
 Adverb of quantity
 Adverb of quantity are: very , too, almost, little, half,
much
 Examples
 He is almost, but not quite, the cleverest boy in the class
 He therefore left the school
 Adverb of negation
 Adverb of negation are: not, never
 Example
 He is no enemy
 I do not know him
 I have never heard him

48. TYPES OF ADVERB
 Interrogative adverb
 Such adverb that use to ask questions(how,
why, when)
 Example
 How carefully does he play?
 Where does he live?
 relative or conjunctive adverb
 Such adverbs that are used to combine two
sentences(when, where)
 Examples
 I cannot tell you when he will come
 I do not know where he kept my book