This document provides an overview of English grammar concepts including sentences, parts of speech, and other grammatical elements. It defines a sentence and describes four types of sentences. It then defines and provides examples of the eight common parts of speech - noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. For each part of speech, it outlines types and provides detailed definitions and examples.
A great e-book to help develop your basic English language skills, especially if you are a student, working professional, job-seeker.
This e-book covers the following important topics:
- Parts of speech.
- Punctuation.
- Commonly confused words and phrases.
- Tips for filling in a college registration form.
- Learning how to summarise.
- Tips for completing written assignments.
- How to answer exam questions.
- How to write a cover letter when applying for a job.
- How to write a resignation letter.
- How to write e-mails.
A great e-book to help develop your basic English language skills, especially if you are a student, working professional, job-seeker.
This e-book covers the following important topics:
- Parts of speech.
- Punctuation.
- Commonly confused words and phrases.
- Tips for filling in a college registration form.
- Learning how to summarise.
- Tips for completing written assignments.
- How to answer exam questions.
- How to write a cover letter when applying for a job.
- How to write a resignation letter.
- How to write e-mails.
What is sentence?
Sentence is a group of words, minimal has subject and predicate, which expresses a thought in written or spoken form.
Types of Sentences
1. Types of Sentences according to their purpose.
2. Types of Sentences according to their syntax
3. Types of Sentences according to their form
4. Types of Sentences according to completeness
5. Types of Sentences according to what kind of category occurs in the predicate position of the sentence.
Types of Sentences according to their purpose
A declarative sentence makes a statement. Since we usually make statements that declare something, most of your sentences are declarative. All declarative sentences are ended with a period.
Examples:
The dodgers won the first inning.
The tallest animal in the world is a giraffe.
Grammar is the structural foundation of our ability to express ourselves. The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monitor the meaning and effectiveness of the way we and others use language. It can help foster precision, detect ambiguity, and exploit the richness of expression available in English. And it can help everyone--not only teachers of English, butteachers of anything, for all teaching is ultimately a matter of getting to grips with meaning.
Grammar is important because it is the language that makes it possible for us to talk about language. Grammar names the types of words and word groups that make up sentences not only in English but in any language. As human beings, we can put sentences together even as children--we can all do grammar. But to be able to talk about how sentences are built, about the types of words and word groups that make up sentences--that isknowing aboutgrammar. And knowing about grammar offers a window into the human mind and into our amazingly complex mental capacity
Students learn how to identify a part of speech, phrase, or function within a sentence, to include the following: action verbs, nouns, pronouns, subjects of verbs, compound verbs and subjects, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, prepositional phrases, objects of prepositions, compound objects of prepositions, adjective prepositional phrases, question tags, adverbial prepositional phrases,Direct and Indirect Speech, prepositional phrases between subjects and verbs, adverbs modifying adjectives and other adverbs.
The series can be further described as follows:
• Instruction is system designed based on student performance goals
• Instruction is designed for self-paced, individualized, step-by-step learning
• Pretests and posttests are provided for each module with all work automatically graded
• Students receive immediate feedback of responses with scores
• Materials are formatted for easy access and use
• Students can login from school, home, or anywhere on the Internet
• Students learn concepts and experience the language at the same time
This PPT contains the brief and comprehensive presentation on the most important element of Grammar i.e. Parts of Speech. This video talks about the definition of Parts of Speech, different elements, Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb....of it, their definitions and examples in brief.
1. Personal Pronoun – Meaning & Definition
a. 1st , 2nd & 3rd person
b. Forms of pronoun
2. Cases
a. Nominative
b. Possessive
c. Accusative
d. Funda Set-1
e. Practice Set-1
3. Reflexive
4. Demonstrative
a. Funda Set-2
5. Indefinite
a. Funda set -3
6. Distributive
a. Funda Set-4
b. Practice Set-2
About all Parts of Speech
( Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection)
Explained in a very simple and easy language.
Most useful for students from 4 std.
What is sentence?
Sentence is a group of words, minimal has subject and predicate, which expresses a thought in written or spoken form.
Types of Sentences
1. Types of Sentences according to their purpose.
2. Types of Sentences according to their syntax
3. Types of Sentences according to their form
4. Types of Sentences according to completeness
5. Types of Sentences according to what kind of category occurs in the predicate position of the sentence.
Types of Sentences according to their purpose
A declarative sentence makes a statement. Since we usually make statements that declare something, most of your sentences are declarative. All declarative sentences are ended with a period.
Examples:
The dodgers won the first inning.
The tallest animal in the world is a giraffe.
Grammar is the structural foundation of our ability to express ourselves. The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monitor the meaning and effectiveness of the way we and others use language. It can help foster precision, detect ambiguity, and exploit the richness of expression available in English. And it can help everyone--not only teachers of English, butteachers of anything, for all teaching is ultimately a matter of getting to grips with meaning.
Grammar is important because it is the language that makes it possible for us to talk about language. Grammar names the types of words and word groups that make up sentences not only in English but in any language. As human beings, we can put sentences together even as children--we can all do grammar. But to be able to talk about how sentences are built, about the types of words and word groups that make up sentences--that isknowing aboutgrammar. And knowing about grammar offers a window into the human mind and into our amazingly complex mental capacity
Students learn how to identify a part of speech, phrase, or function within a sentence, to include the following: action verbs, nouns, pronouns, subjects of verbs, compound verbs and subjects, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, prepositional phrases, objects of prepositions, compound objects of prepositions, adjective prepositional phrases, question tags, adverbial prepositional phrases,Direct and Indirect Speech, prepositional phrases between subjects and verbs, adverbs modifying adjectives and other adverbs.
The series can be further described as follows:
• Instruction is system designed based on student performance goals
• Instruction is designed for self-paced, individualized, step-by-step learning
• Pretests and posttests are provided for each module with all work automatically graded
• Students receive immediate feedback of responses with scores
• Materials are formatted for easy access and use
• Students can login from school, home, or anywhere on the Internet
• Students learn concepts and experience the language at the same time
This PPT contains the brief and comprehensive presentation on the most important element of Grammar i.e. Parts of Speech. This video talks about the definition of Parts of Speech, different elements, Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb....of it, their definitions and examples in brief.
1. Personal Pronoun – Meaning & Definition
a. 1st , 2nd & 3rd person
b. Forms of pronoun
2. Cases
a. Nominative
b. Possessive
c. Accusative
d. Funda Set-1
e. Practice Set-1
3. Reflexive
4. Demonstrative
a. Funda Set-2
5. Indefinite
a. Funda set -3
6. Distributive
a. Funda Set-4
b. Practice Set-2
About all Parts of Speech
( Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection)
Explained in a very simple and easy language.
Most useful for students from 4 std.
All About Parts of Speech - SL (1) (1).pptxadipapai181023
There are eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. The part of speech indicates how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence.
Parts of speech || Grammar Series|| Dr. Anukriti Sharma||Dr. Anukriti Sharma
In this presentation, we will learn about parts of speech or word class. This helps you to analyze sentences and understand them and also helps you to construct good sentences.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
5. Sentence: Definition & Types
A sentence is the largest unit of any language. In English, it begins with a capital letter and ends with a full-
stop, or a question mark, or an exclamation mark.
The sentence is generally defined as a word or a group of words that expresses a thorough idea by giving a
statement/order, or asking a question, or exclaiming.
Example:
He is a good boy (statement), Is he a good boy? (question), What a nice weather! (exclaiming).
Ideally, a sentence requires at least one subject and one verb. Sometimes the subject of a sentence can be
hidden, but the verb must be visible and present in the sentence. Verb is called the heart of a sentence.
6. Types of Sentences
Structurally, sentences are of four types:
• Simple sentence
• Compound sentence
• Complex sentence, and
• Compound-complex sentence.
Functionally, sentences are of mainly four types:
• Declarative sentence
• Imperative sentence
• Interrogative sentence, and
• Exclamatory sentence
7. Simple sentence
A simple sentence must have a single clause (a single verb) which is independent, and it
cannot take another clause.
Example:
I always wanted to become a writer.
Compoundsentence
A compound sentence must have more than one independent clause with no dependent
clauses. Some specific conjunctions, punctuation, or both are used to join together these
clauses.
Example:
I always wanted to become a writer, and she wanted to become a doctor.
8. Complex sentence
A complex sentence also has more than one clause but of one them must be an independent
clause and the other/others must be (a) dependent clause(es). There are also some particular
connectors for the clauses of a complex sentence to be connected.
Example: I know that you always wanted to be a writer.
Compound-complex sentence
A compound-complex sentence (or complex–compound sentence) is a mixture of the features of
compound and complex sentences in one sentence. So, it must contain at least two independent
clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Example: I know that you always wanted to become a writer, but I always wanted to become a
doctor.
9. Declarative sentence:
An assertive sentence (declarative sentence) simply expresses an opinion/feeling, or makes a
statement, or describes things. In other words, it declares something. This type of sentence ends
with a period (i.e., a full-stop).
Example: I want to be a good cricketer. (a statement)
Imperative sentence:
We use an imperative sentence to make a request or to give a command. Imperative sentences
usually end with a period (i.e., a full stop), but under certain circumstances, it can end with a
note of exclamation (i.e., exclamation mark).
Example: I need you to sit down now!
10. Interrogative sentence:
An interrogative sentence asks a question. Interrogative sentences must end with a note of
interrogation (i.e., question mark)
Example: When are you going to submit your assignment?
Exclamatory sentence.
An exclamatory sentence expresses overflow of emotions. These emotions can be of happiness,
wonder, sorrow, anger, etc.
Example: I cannot believe he would do that!
11. Parts of Speech
Parts of speech are the classification of words categorized by their roles and functions within
the structure of the language.
There are eight parts of speech:
Noun Pronoun
Verb Adjective
Adverb Preposition
Conjunction Interjection
12. Noun
Noun refers to people, places, things, ideas, concepts, etc.
Pronoun
A pronoun is used to refer to a noun/noun phrase, or nouns/noun phrases; instead of the
repeated use of the same noun(s)/noun phrase(s).
Verb
Verb shows an action or an ongoing condition. It is considered as the heart of a sentence.
Adjective
Adjective modifies or describes noun in a sentence.
13. Adverb
Adverbs modify or describe adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs. It answers the questions When?
Where? How? or How much?
Preposition
Preposition gives context to nouns in relationship to other nouns or pronouns.
Conjunction
A conjunction connects nouns, noun phrases, clauses or sentences together.
Interjection
Interjections are brief and abrupt pauses in speech, usually used for expressing emotions.
14. Nouns
Noun can be a/an -
o Person – a name for a person: - Max, Julie, Catherine, Michel, Bob, etc.
o Animal – a name for an animal: - dog, cat, cow, kangaroo, etc.
o Place – a name for a place: - London, Australia, Canada, Mumbai, etc.
o Thing – a name for a thing: - bat, ball, chair, door, house, computer, etc.
o Idea – A name for an idea: - devotion, superstition, happiness, excitement, etc.
15. Different Types of Noun:
• Proper Noun
• Common Noun
• Abstract Noun
• Concrete Noun
• Countable Noun
• Non-countable Noun
• Collective Noun
• Compound Noun
16. Pronoun
A pronoun is used in place of a specific noun mentioned earlier in a sentence so that you don’t
have to keep saying/writing that particular noun.
Example:
o Michael is a good boy. He gets up early in the morning. (Here, you don’t have to mention
‘Michael’ again)
o The coach selected several key points. He wanted the team to memorize them. (‘He’
replaces ‘the coach’; ‘them’ replaces ‘several key points’)
18. Adjective
An adjective describes or modifies noun/s and pronoun/s in a sentence. It normally indicates
quality, size, shape, duration, feelings, contents, and more about a noun or pronoun.
Adjectives usually provide relevant information about the nouns/pronouns they modify/describe
by answering the questions: What kind? How many? Which one? How much? Adjectives enrich
your writing by adding precision and originality to it.
Example:
o The team has a dangerous batsman. (What kind?)
o I have ten candies in my pocket. (How many?)
o I loved that red car. (Which one?)
o I earn more money than he does. (How much?)
20. Preposition
A preposition is a word that indicates the relationship between a noun and the other words of a
sentence. They explain relationships of sequence, space, and logic between the object of the
sentence and the rest of the sentence. They help us understand order, time connections, and
positions.
Example:
o I am going to Canada.
o Alex threw a stone into the pond.
o The present is inside the box.
o They have gone out of the town.
21. Types of Preposition
Most of the prepositions have many uses. There are some prepositions which are common
in every type of preposition as they function in a versatile way.
• Prepositions of Time
• Prepositions of Place and Direction
• Prepositions of Agents or Things
• Phrasal Prepositions
22. Conjunction
Conjunctions are used to join clauses, phrases, and words together for constructing sentences.
Conjunctions make a link between/among words or groups of words to other parts of the
sentence and show a relationship between/among them.
Example:
o Alex and Robin are playing together.
o Alex plays well, but Robin plays better than him.
o I play cricket, and Robin plays football.
o When he was sick, I went to see him.
24. Interjection
An interjection is a kind of exclamation inserted into regular speech. Actually, it is a brief and
abrupt pause in speech for expressing emotions.
Interjections are unique and have some interesting features:
o Interjections don’t have a grammatical function in the sentence construction.
o They usually cannot be modified or inflected.
o They do not have to have a relation to the other parts of the sentence.
o They are highly context-sensitive.
25. Interjections mainly have four roles:
Rule 1: Interjections express a sudden mood, emotions, and feeling with emphasis. There are also
many taboo words that are usually used in everyday conversation but not in formal aspects. These
words fall into the category of interjections.
Example:
o Wow! That’s an amazing scene.
o What? You never told me that!
Rule 2: Some interjections interrupt a conversation or a thought or hold someone’s attention for a
moment. These are just sounds, not words because these sounds do not make any sense.
Example:
o Your, um, shirt has a stain on the back.
o I want to, uh, ask you out on a date.
26. Rule 3: Some interjections express only yes or no.
Example:
o Yes! I will most definitely do it.
o Nah, we are not going.
Rule 4: Some interjections are used to get someone’s attention.
Example:
o Yo, Alex! Get in the car!
o Hey! Will you give me that ball?
o Yoo-hoo! Is there anyone?