This document describes various parasite infections and infestations that can affect animals. It includes 20 terms for different types of parasites or vectors. The document then contains 20 images showing different lesions, anatomical features, and microscopic findings associated with several parasites including ascarids, strongyles, thelazia, dictyocaulus, hydatid cysts, lice, ticks, culicoides, and hypoderma larvae. The images provide visual examples of some typical clinical signs and pathological changes caused by these parasite infections.
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
Paratuberculosis is a contagious, chronic and sometimes fatal infection that primarily affects the small intestine of ruminants.
It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
Infections normally affect ruminants (mammals that have four compartments of their stomachs, of which the rumen is one),
but have also been seen in a variety of non ruminant species, including rabbits, foxes, and birds. Horses, dogs, and nonhuman primates have been infected experimentally.
Paratuberculosis is found worldwide
Taenia multiceps multiceps is an intestinal parasite of canids (especially dogs, foxes, and jackals) and occasionally people. Its intermediate hosts include sheep, goats, deer, antelope, chamois, rabbits, hares, horses, and less commonly cattle, which acquire this tapeworm's eggs while grazing. After ingestion, some oncospheres hatch and reach the brain, developing by endogenous budding into a metacestode (larval) stage known as Coenurus cerebralis. Initial invasion and development of the oncospheres may be responsible for acute suppurative meningoencephalitis.
Erysipelas is an infectious disease mostly of growing or adult swine.
The disease may be acute, subacute, or chronic.
Although acute septicemic swine erysipelas can result in a high mortality rate, the greatest economic loss probably occurs from the chronic, nonfatal forms of the disease.
It may be clinically inapparent, may cause
acute illness
involving many animals, Sudden and unexpected deaths
chronic disease characterized by
enlarged joints, lameness, and endocarditis.
Rhomboid skin (diamond-skin) lesions are an inconsistent feature only associated with acute cases
Domestication of the European rabbit probably occurred in monasteries during the Middle Ages. By the middle of the 17th century, rabbits were commonly raised in England and continental Europe. Oryctolagus cuniculus, one of the more successful mammals of the world, is both prolific and adaptable.
Most of the fancy breeds were developed within the past 100 years, and only since the early 1900s have rabbits been raised domestically in the United
States. The first commercial colonies were started in southern California. Meat rationing during World War II gave the infant industry a push. Today, approximately 200,000 people are engaged in some phase of the rabbit business
in the United States, and animals are produced in every state. Meat processors serving major cities market more than 10 million pounds of rabbit meat annually.
Paratuberculosis is a contagious, chronic and sometimes fatal infection that primarily affects the small intestine of ruminants.
It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
Infections normally affect ruminants (mammals that have four compartments of their stomachs, of which the rumen is one),
but have also been seen in a variety of non ruminant species, including rabbits, foxes, and birds. Horses, dogs, and nonhuman primates have been infected experimentally.
Paratuberculosis is found worldwide
Taenia multiceps multiceps is an intestinal parasite of canids (especially dogs, foxes, and jackals) and occasionally people. Its intermediate hosts include sheep, goats, deer, antelope, chamois, rabbits, hares, horses, and less commonly cattle, which acquire this tapeworm's eggs while grazing. After ingestion, some oncospheres hatch and reach the brain, developing by endogenous budding into a metacestode (larval) stage known as Coenurus cerebralis. Initial invasion and development of the oncospheres may be responsible for acute suppurative meningoencephalitis.
Erysipelas is an infectious disease mostly of growing or adult swine.
The disease may be acute, subacute, or chronic.
Although acute septicemic swine erysipelas can result in a high mortality rate, the greatest economic loss probably occurs from the chronic, nonfatal forms of the disease.
It may be clinically inapparent, may cause
acute illness
involving many animals, Sudden and unexpected deaths
chronic disease characterized by
enlarged joints, lameness, and endocarditis.
Rhomboid skin (diamond-skin) lesions are an inconsistent feature only associated with acute cases
Domestication of the European rabbit probably occurred in monasteries during the Middle Ages. By the middle of the 17th century, rabbits were commonly raised in England and continental Europe. Oryctolagus cuniculus, one of the more successful mammals of the world, is both prolific and adaptable.
Most of the fancy breeds were developed within the past 100 years, and only since the early 1900s have rabbits been raised domestically in the United
States. The first commercial colonies were started in southern California. Meat rationing during World War II gave the infant industry a push. Today, approximately 200,000 people are engaged in some phase of the rabbit business
in the United States, and animals are produced in every state. Meat processors serving major cities market more than 10 million pounds of rabbit meat annually.
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species.
If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
This presentation describes the background of the cornea and the corneal diseases in general, also it describes in detailed manner how to manage the corneal ulcer with its different causes
orneal ulcer, also called keratitis, is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. It is a common condition in humans particularly in the tropics and in farming. In developing countries, children afflicted by vitamin A deficiency are at high risk for corneal ulcer and may become blind i
A detailed presentation on the clinical features, predisposing factors and treatment of skin cancers especially Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pre - malignant conditions like Actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, Porokeratosis are also discussed. Also the presentation provides a detail of the various differential diagnoses of the skin cancers. Useful for medical students, post graduate trainees and nursing staff. Role of sunlight is also discussed.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Ileo- ileal intussusception )arrow 1( with
severe compromise of intussusceptum
)arrow 2(. Heavy ascarid burden
3. Verminous arteritis ) active lesion in Strongylosis )focal infarction in
thoracic aorta(, blood clot adherent ) jejunum
to wall of artery and larva visible ) at
)end of pointer
4. Verminous arteritis )cranial mesenteric Mixed large and small Strongyles,
arteritis(, proliferative reaction which large numbers of pinkish and
contained parasitic ) Strongylus vulgaris( beige parasites on surface of
larvae mucosa
Parasite infarction )of
major mesenteric
artery(, extensive
infarction and
consequent necrosis,
no lumenal distension
5. Verminous arteritis ) lesion in Parasitic infarction )of minor artery
)aortic root in wall of right dorsal colon(, lesion
was due to Strongylus edentatus
Verminous anterior mesenteric
arteritis, in a 6 month old foal.
Distension and thickening of
cranial mesenteric artery with
hemorrhagic thickening of the
vessel wall. Parasitic larvae were
visible embedded in the wall
7. Enlarged urethral process Gastric form , abscess lesion
due to chronic infection
Granulamatous
lesion on the
leg of 28 days
duration
8. Conjunctival form, characteristic Non healing wound , wound
chronic, yellow, granular, ocular healed during winter but required
discharge control of granulation tissues
Lesion in
nasolacrimal
sac
9. Focal inflammatory lesion at
superior limbus )arrow( and
causing conjunctivitis and Cutaneous Onchcerciasis ) Onchocerca
chemosis. Small margin of cervicalis (, annular lesion on head showing
localized interstitial keratits alopecia, scaling and crusting ) 3 month
duration( initially the lesion were poorly
demarcated areas of acute dermatitis with
prominent pruritis
10. Setaria digitata, fine gray white Setaria equi adult worms
parasite in anterior chamber between intestine in the
)arrow(, size of parasite peritoneal cavity
magnified by cornea
11. Thelazia lacrimalis, adult
parasites, appearing singly
and in groups, on surface of
cornea )arrow(. Parasite are
easier to see when mobile
12. Caused by Dictyocaulus arnfeldi
Endoscopic view, most of parasites shown here
are larval forms. This is an exceptional burden
for a horse
13. Removal of parasites revealed extensive
mucosal ulceration and edema in the
underlying cecal mucosa
14. Multiple cyst like lesions attached to liver
capsule, no hepatic parenchyma
involvement
15. Enlarged, pale and flabby Icterus m.m of lips
appearance of heart and
splenomegally )easily
)detached per rectum
16. Dourine, edema of urethral
process, prepuce, penis and
surrounding skin
17. Chorioptic
mange ,extensive,
foul smelling,
exudative and
proliferative,
chronic dermatitis
which had been
present for 4 years
Trombiculidiasis )mite
spp(, head lesion showing
small well defined, circular Chorioptic mange,
alopecia lesions severe pruritis caused
leg stamping and
rubbing with
consequent serum
exudation and matting
over the plantar and
lateral aspect of the
hind cannons and
pasterns
18. Generalized infestation resulting Typical predilection site shown
in a moth - eaten appearance of include face, base of the mane
the winter coat and over lateral thorax. Severe
pruritus resulted in self inflicted
skin excoriation
Adult lice and eggs )nits( are
clearly visible to the naked eyes
19. Tick infestation hypersensitivity,
edema associated with an engorging
Ixodes spp tick above the upper
Severe anemia and
)eyelids )arrow
edema of rectal
mucosa due to heavy
.infestation
20. Cuilcoides
hypersensitivity,
acute tail base
lesions with
excoriation from self
inflicted trauma and
prominent breaking
and rubbing back of Ventral midline dermatitis
the tail hairs at the distinctive small exudative,
base of tail granulomatous papules
associated with edema, alopecia
and severe pruritus. The ventral
midline is the predilection site
for the biting
Culicoides hypersensitivity, chronic
case showing lichenification and
rugae formation with poor hair growth
resulting permanently damaged skin
21. Culicoides hypersensitivity, Typical pattern of lesions
progressive self inflicted due to dorsal biting spp
trauma results in skin over back, wither and
thickening and continued dorsal neck
rubbing and self mutilation
Culicoides hypersensitivity,
continuous attack of
Culicoides spp insects result
in progressive irritation and
intense pruritus, rubbing and
self mutilation. Nodules loss
their character and extensive
dermal ulceration may occur
22. Culicoides
hypersensitivity,
The face and the persistence tail
top of the neck rubbing with loss
)under the mane( of hair and
are the damage to the tail
predilection sites base and
for this species of formation of
midge nodules
hyperkeratinized
skin giving a rat
tail effect
Culicoides hypersensitivity ) sweet itch(
early stage showing papules and nodules
associated with the bites of the prevalent
Culiciodes spp insect. Severe pruritus may
result in nodules becoming abraded and
serum exudation. Note the scrubbed
appearance of the mane
23. Fly damage, massive numbers of flies
in the corner of the eye commonly
cause this physical damage, but in the
early stages swelling and some local
inflammation may be all that is present
24. Stomoxys hypersensitivity, central focus at bite site
)arrow( and surrounding plaque of edema. Some bites in
this case have subsided to a small central focus only
while the more recent show an extensive
hypersensitivity reaction
26. Typical lesion on the Reddish larva and discrete
mucosa of the upper lip areas of inflammation,
caused by the larva swelling and ulceration
associated with previous
attachment sites in the
)stomach )arrow