After carrying out an in-depth SWOT Analysis, this presentation identifies the challenges Pakistan's Livestock Sector is facing and then makes recommendations to respond to these challenges.
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Impact of Livestock Sector on Pakistan EconomyShakeel Ahmed
The document discusses the impact of the livestock sector on Pakistan's economy. It notes that the livestock sector contributes 10.8% to Pakistan's GDP and employs 35 million people. Pakistan has great potential in the livestock sector due to its natural breeds of buffalo and cattle. The government has implemented innovative approaches to improve the sector, such as artificial insemination programs, establishing feed mills, and providing loans and training to farmers. The document concludes that further development of the livestock sector could significantly benefit Pakistan's economy.
Livestock in South Asia: Challenges, priorities and way forwardILRI
Presented by Nure Alam Siddiky at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
My best effort is to collect good information for students,and then provide them as like. so follow me and aso provide me your good feedbecks in comments bar.
thank you all!
Pakistan’s Agriculture Sector- 2 /Livestock : Challenges and ResponseShahid Hussain Raja
Explains the importance of livestock sector for the political economy of Pakistan,carries out its SWOT analysis and describes the various challenges it is facing.Ends with a comprehensive set of recommendations for improving the productivity of the sector
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
The livestock sector in Pakistan contributes 11.3% to national GDP and accounts for 52% of agricultural value addition. Pakistan has the 3rd largest herd size in the world, with cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat populations all growing between 35-68% from 2000-2006. The livestock sector employs around 35 million people. In Punjab, almost 75% of the rural population is directly or indirectly employed by the livestock sector, which generates $35 billion annually. The meat and dairy industries in Punjab are underdeveloped and fragmented, with opportunities for investment and growth.
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Impact of Livestock Sector on Pakistan EconomyShakeel Ahmed
The document discusses the impact of the livestock sector on Pakistan's economy. It notes that the livestock sector contributes 10.8% to Pakistan's GDP and employs 35 million people. Pakistan has great potential in the livestock sector due to its natural breeds of buffalo and cattle. The government has implemented innovative approaches to improve the sector, such as artificial insemination programs, establishing feed mills, and providing loans and training to farmers. The document concludes that further development of the livestock sector could significantly benefit Pakistan's economy.
Livestock in South Asia: Challenges, priorities and way forwardILRI
Presented by Nure Alam Siddiky at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
My best effort is to collect good information for students,and then provide them as like. so follow me and aso provide me your good feedbecks in comments bar.
thank you all!
Pakistan’s Agriculture Sector- 2 /Livestock : Challenges and ResponseShahid Hussain Raja
Explains the importance of livestock sector for the political economy of Pakistan,carries out its SWOT analysis and describes the various challenges it is facing.Ends with a comprehensive set of recommendations for improving the productivity of the sector
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
The livestock sector in Pakistan contributes 11.3% to national GDP and accounts for 52% of agricultural value addition. Pakistan has the 3rd largest herd size in the world, with cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat populations all growing between 35-68% from 2000-2006. The livestock sector employs around 35 million people. In Punjab, almost 75% of the rural population is directly or indirectly employed by the livestock sector, which generates $35 billion annually. The meat and dairy industries in Punjab are underdeveloped and fragmented, with opportunities for investment and growth.
The document discusses the importance of livestock management in Pakistan, noting that the livestock sector contributes significantly to the country's economy and rural employment. It provides details on the role and contributions of the dairy, meat, and poultry industries, as well as common livestock management practices. The document also outlines challenges facing Pakistan's livestock resources, including climate, breeding methods, healthcare, and facilities.
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
present status of pakistan feed industry and its problems-pptDr. Waqas Nawaz
Pakistan's livestock sector contributes significantly to the economy and rural incomes, but animal production is low due to feed deficiencies. The major feed resources in Pakistan are crop residues, grazing lands, cultivated fodders, and cereal/legume byproducts. There are over 200 feed mills, but few produce compound feed. The feed industry operates below capacity due to issues like poor storage leading to damaged crops. Challenges facing the industry include a lack of investment, modern technology, and support from the government.
Priority areas of livestock sector for strengthening food and nutrition secur...ILRI
Presented by Tek B. Gurung and Bimal K. Nirmal at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
The role of livestock in developing countries: Misperceptions, facts and cons...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the Workshop on Extinction and Livestock: Moving to a Flourishing Food System for Wildlife, Farm Animals and Us, London, UK, 5-6 October 2017
This document provides information on silage and hay making. It defines silage as green fodder preserved through controlled fermentation to minimize nutrient loss. Crops suitable for silage include those high in sugars like maize and sorghum. The process of ensiling involves chopping the crop, packing it tightly in pits or bags to remove air and allow fermentation. Good silage has a pH of 3.5-4.2 and is preserved for feeding during scarcity. Hay is made by drying grass or legume crops completely to less than 15% moisture. Field curing and barn drying are common hay making methods.
Stall fed sheep and goat rearing and its managementBharathM64
Rearing sheep and goats has several benefits, including low input costs, multiple offspring per year that provide financial security, and milk that is high in nutrients and digestible. Housing should have good drainage, ventilation, and protection from wind, and include areas for feeding, watering, and birthing. Breeds like Bellari are suitable for the region. Proper herd ratios, reproduction management including estrus detection and breeding timing, and care of newborns and young are important. Feeding a varied diet and vaccinating can prevent diseases. Rearing sheep and goats can be economically viable with initial and ongoing costs outlined.
This document summarizes livestock management during floods in Pakistan. It defines disasters and floods, then discusses key aspects of livestock management including mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Mitigation involves structural measures like housing animals away from flood plains and non-structural activities like advising owners of risks. Preparedness includes arranging animal shelters, food/water storage, and vaccination programs. Response consists of veterinary clinics and rescue operations. Recovery supports reconstructing infrastructure and restoring animal and community wellbeing through veterinary care and contingency planning. Overall it outlines the main strategies for managing livestock when floods occur in Pakistan.
This document discusses animal nutrition and feeds. It defines nutrition as the utilization of food by the body's processes. The six main nutrients needed are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins, and water. Nutrients are utilized for maintenance, growth, production, reproduction, and health. The document also discusses the classifications of feeds as roughages, concentrates, and supplements. It provides examples of different feeds and explains feeding management at various life stages of animals such as calves, heifers, dry cows, and lactating cows.
Livestock Production and Improvement in India: Problems and Opportunities in ...RUFORUM
This document discusses the livestock production and improvement scenario in India. It notes that India has the world's largest population of buffalo and is a major producer of milk, but that livestock productivity is low. It identifies opportunities to increase production through better animal health and disease control, addressing feed and fodder shortages, utilizing indigenous breeds, and adding value to milk. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of the livestock sector for India's economic growth and development.
Problems and challenges of animal husbandry extensionPreethi Sundar
This document discusses the problems and challenges of animal husbandry extension in India. It notes that the majority of the Indian population depends directly or indirectly on livestock, but that the livestock sector contributes only 4.4% to GDP. Many challenges are outlined, including how to effectively reach millions of livestock owners in diverse environments and improve their living standards with decreasing land availability. Other challenges include sustaining production with less land for fodder, changing public interest in livestock rearing, and addressing the information and technology needs of farmers and other target groups involved in the livestock sector.
“Future & Scope In Animal Husbandry Areas’’Harsh Mishra
This document discusses the scope and future of animal husbandry in India. It notes that animal husbandry provides livelihoods for many rural households and contributes significantly to agricultural GDP. While productivity remains low compared to global averages, the livestock sector is growing and demand for animal products is rising with economic development. Improving genetic potential through crossbreeding and better management practices can boost productivity and alleviate poverty. The future of animal husbandry lies in meeting the growing demand through increased productivity in a sustainable and inclusive manner.
This document discusses different livestock and poultry feeding systems. It describes outdoor and indoor feeding methods for livestock, including pasture grazing, feed bunks, and different types of stored feed. Several feeding systems are outlined for sheep and goats ranging from village to intensive systems. Cattle and buffalo feeding systems include grazing, magnetic, bunk, and electronic options. Finally, automatic and manual feeding systems are covered for poultry, such as main feed lines, pan feeding lines, and chain systems.
The document discusses keys to a successful total mixed ration (TMR) feeding program for dairy cows. It covers ration formulation, mixing the TMR, feeding the cows, and forage management. Proper formulation of rations balanced for cow nutrient requirements is essential. Accurate mixing and consistent delivery of the TMR each day is important to meet cow needs and maximize production and health. Good communication between technical experts and farm managers helps ensure the feeding program runs effectively.
Livestock play an important role in most small-scale farming systems throughout the world.
They provide traction to cultivate fields, manure to maintain crop productivity, and nutritious food products for human consumption and income-generation.
Despite the importance of livestock, inadequate livestock nutrition is a common problem in the developing world, and a major factor affecting the development of viable livestock industries in poor countries.
Thus the feed resources plays a major role in farm animals.
This document provides an overview of basic sheep and goat husbandry for land managers. It discusses the differences between sheep and goats, their reproductive basics, nutrition needs, common health issues and diseases, parasite control, hoof care, and strategies for integrated pest management. Reproductive topics covered include breeding seasons, gestation periods and litter sizes. Common diseases addressed are internal and external parasites, foot rot, coccidiosis and other respiratory and digestive issues.
The document summarizes key findings from India's 20th livestock census in 2019. It finds that India's total livestock population is 535.78 million, a 4.6% increase from 2012. Cattle population is 192.49 million (+0.8%) and buffaloes are 109.85 million (+1.0%). Milk production saw the largest increase at 6.0%. Sheep rose 14.1% to 74.26 million while goats increased 10.1% to 148.88 million. Pigs declined 12.03% to 9.06 million. Poultry, including commercial and backyard, increased 16.8% to 851.81 million. Livestock makes up 4.11%
This document discusses management practices for calves, including neonatal calf care after birth, colostrum feeding, housing and environment, weaning, disease management, and vaccinations. Specifically, it emphasizes the importance of neonatal care like checking vital signs at birth, feeding colostrum in the first 24 hours to provide antibodies, providing a stress-free environment for housing, and vaccinating to protect calves due to their immature immune systems. The goal of these practices is to reduce calf mortality rates and support healthy development.
After carrying out an in-depth SWOT Analysis of Pakistan's Horticultural Sector, this presentation identifies the challenges this sector is facing and proposes a set of recommendations to respond to these challenges
Pakistan's Agriculture Sector- 3 (Horticulture) Challenges and ResponseShahid Hussain Raja
Explains the importance of horticulture for the political economy of Pakistan,carries out its SWOT analysis and describes the challenges it is facing.Ends with a comprehensive set of recommendations for its improvement
The document discusses the importance of livestock management in Pakistan, noting that the livestock sector contributes significantly to the country's economy and rural employment. It provides details on the role and contributions of the dairy, meat, and poultry industries, as well as common livestock management practices. The document also outlines challenges facing Pakistan's livestock resources, including climate, breeding methods, healthcare, and facilities.
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
present status of pakistan feed industry and its problems-pptDr. Waqas Nawaz
Pakistan's livestock sector contributes significantly to the economy and rural incomes, but animal production is low due to feed deficiencies. The major feed resources in Pakistan are crop residues, grazing lands, cultivated fodders, and cereal/legume byproducts. There are over 200 feed mills, but few produce compound feed. The feed industry operates below capacity due to issues like poor storage leading to damaged crops. Challenges facing the industry include a lack of investment, modern technology, and support from the government.
Priority areas of livestock sector for strengthening food and nutrition secur...ILRI
Presented by Tek B. Gurung and Bimal K. Nirmal at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
The role of livestock in developing countries: Misperceptions, facts and cons...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the Workshop on Extinction and Livestock: Moving to a Flourishing Food System for Wildlife, Farm Animals and Us, London, UK, 5-6 October 2017
This document provides information on silage and hay making. It defines silage as green fodder preserved through controlled fermentation to minimize nutrient loss. Crops suitable for silage include those high in sugars like maize and sorghum. The process of ensiling involves chopping the crop, packing it tightly in pits or bags to remove air and allow fermentation. Good silage has a pH of 3.5-4.2 and is preserved for feeding during scarcity. Hay is made by drying grass or legume crops completely to less than 15% moisture. Field curing and barn drying are common hay making methods.
Stall fed sheep and goat rearing and its managementBharathM64
Rearing sheep and goats has several benefits, including low input costs, multiple offspring per year that provide financial security, and milk that is high in nutrients and digestible. Housing should have good drainage, ventilation, and protection from wind, and include areas for feeding, watering, and birthing. Breeds like Bellari are suitable for the region. Proper herd ratios, reproduction management including estrus detection and breeding timing, and care of newborns and young are important. Feeding a varied diet and vaccinating can prevent diseases. Rearing sheep and goats can be economically viable with initial and ongoing costs outlined.
This document summarizes livestock management during floods in Pakistan. It defines disasters and floods, then discusses key aspects of livestock management including mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Mitigation involves structural measures like housing animals away from flood plains and non-structural activities like advising owners of risks. Preparedness includes arranging animal shelters, food/water storage, and vaccination programs. Response consists of veterinary clinics and rescue operations. Recovery supports reconstructing infrastructure and restoring animal and community wellbeing through veterinary care and contingency planning. Overall it outlines the main strategies for managing livestock when floods occur in Pakistan.
This document discusses animal nutrition and feeds. It defines nutrition as the utilization of food by the body's processes. The six main nutrients needed are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins, and water. Nutrients are utilized for maintenance, growth, production, reproduction, and health. The document also discusses the classifications of feeds as roughages, concentrates, and supplements. It provides examples of different feeds and explains feeding management at various life stages of animals such as calves, heifers, dry cows, and lactating cows.
Livestock Production and Improvement in India: Problems and Opportunities in ...RUFORUM
This document discusses the livestock production and improvement scenario in India. It notes that India has the world's largest population of buffalo and is a major producer of milk, but that livestock productivity is low. It identifies opportunities to increase production through better animal health and disease control, addressing feed and fodder shortages, utilizing indigenous breeds, and adding value to milk. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of the livestock sector for India's economic growth and development.
Problems and challenges of animal husbandry extensionPreethi Sundar
This document discusses the problems and challenges of animal husbandry extension in India. It notes that the majority of the Indian population depends directly or indirectly on livestock, but that the livestock sector contributes only 4.4% to GDP. Many challenges are outlined, including how to effectively reach millions of livestock owners in diverse environments and improve their living standards with decreasing land availability. Other challenges include sustaining production with less land for fodder, changing public interest in livestock rearing, and addressing the information and technology needs of farmers and other target groups involved in the livestock sector.
“Future & Scope In Animal Husbandry Areas’’Harsh Mishra
This document discusses the scope and future of animal husbandry in India. It notes that animal husbandry provides livelihoods for many rural households and contributes significantly to agricultural GDP. While productivity remains low compared to global averages, the livestock sector is growing and demand for animal products is rising with economic development. Improving genetic potential through crossbreeding and better management practices can boost productivity and alleviate poverty. The future of animal husbandry lies in meeting the growing demand through increased productivity in a sustainable and inclusive manner.
This document discusses different livestock and poultry feeding systems. It describes outdoor and indoor feeding methods for livestock, including pasture grazing, feed bunks, and different types of stored feed. Several feeding systems are outlined for sheep and goats ranging from village to intensive systems. Cattle and buffalo feeding systems include grazing, magnetic, bunk, and electronic options. Finally, automatic and manual feeding systems are covered for poultry, such as main feed lines, pan feeding lines, and chain systems.
The document discusses keys to a successful total mixed ration (TMR) feeding program for dairy cows. It covers ration formulation, mixing the TMR, feeding the cows, and forage management. Proper formulation of rations balanced for cow nutrient requirements is essential. Accurate mixing and consistent delivery of the TMR each day is important to meet cow needs and maximize production and health. Good communication between technical experts and farm managers helps ensure the feeding program runs effectively.
Livestock play an important role in most small-scale farming systems throughout the world.
They provide traction to cultivate fields, manure to maintain crop productivity, and nutritious food products for human consumption and income-generation.
Despite the importance of livestock, inadequate livestock nutrition is a common problem in the developing world, and a major factor affecting the development of viable livestock industries in poor countries.
Thus the feed resources plays a major role in farm animals.
This document provides an overview of basic sheep and goat husbandry for land managers. It discusses the differences between sheep and goats, their reproductive basics, nutrition needs, common health issues and diseases, parasite control, hoof care, and strategies for integrated pest management. Reproductive topics covered include breeding seasons, gestation periods and litter sizes. Common diseases addressed are internal and external parasites, foot rot, coccidiosis and other respiratory and digestive issues.
The document summarizes key findings from India's 20th livestock census in 2019. It finds that India's total livestock population is 535.78 million, a 4.6% increase from 2012. Cattle population is 192.49 million (+0.8%) and buffaloes are 109.85 million (+1.0%). Milk production saw the largest increase at 6.0%. Sheep rose 14.1% to 74.26 million while goats increased 10.1% to 148.88 million. Pigs declined 12.03% to 9.06 million. Poultry, including commercial and backyard, increased 16.8% to 851.81 million. Livestock makes up 4.11%
This document discusses management practices for calves, including neonatal calf care after birth, colostrum feeding, housing and environment, weaning, disease management, and vaccinations. Specifically, it emphasizes the importance of neonatal care like checking vital signs at birth, feeding colostrum in the first 24 hours to provide antibodies, providing a stress-free environment for housing, and vaccinating to protect calves due to their immature immune systems. The goal of these practices is to reduce calf mortality rates and support healthy development.
After carrying out an in-depth SWOT Analysis of Pakistan's Horticultural Sector, this presentation identifies the challenges this sector is facing and proposes a set of recommendations to respond to these challenges
Pakistan's Agriculture Sector- 3 (Horticulture) Challenges and ResponseShahid Hussain Raja
Explains the importance of horticulture for the political economy of Pakistan,carries out its SWOT analysis and describes the challenges it is facing.Ends with a comprehensive set of recommendations for its improvement
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for developing Pakistan's horticulture sector. It notes that horticulture has significant potential due to climate and water resources but faces issues including low productivity, losses, and lack of investment. The document recommends a comprehensive policy framework to increase productivity, profitability, quality, and sustainability in order to accelerate economic growth, reduce poverty, and ensure food security. Key strategies include expanding area under cultivation through new lands, degraded lands, intercropping, and urban farming as well as increasing yields.
The document discusses the growth and development potential of livestock and fisheries in Bangladesh. It finds that livestock contributes 2.9% to national GDP while fisheries contribute 5%. Aquaculture is driving fisheries growth through improved breeds and management. However, open water fisheries are declining though still contribute over 40% of fish production. There will be deficits in milk, meat, and fish production by 2015 unless growth accelerates. Priority investment areas include removing policy barriers, offering incentives and subsidies, and promoting smallholder poultry, dairy, and community-based fisheries management.
Role of livestock extension in the food security scenario of India- Dr.Subin ...KVASU
Livestock extension plays an important role in ensuring food security in India. It transfers technologies from research stations to farmers to increase livestock production and productivity. Various government agencies and non-government organizations are involved in livestock extension to educate farmers, empower women, and enhance human resource development. Strengthening livestock extension services can further improve the livestock sector and help address issues of poverty and food insecurity.
The document discusses opportunities for investment in Australian agriculture to meet growing global demand for food and protein. It notes that Australia is well positioned due to stable politics, economy, farm management skills, land title security and proximity to Asia. While some local investors were not interested, over 60 global investors have been canvassed, with specialist long-term investors seeking returns above risk-free rates and capital gains seeing potential. The document outlines opportunities in livestock, cropping and northern development to satisfy projected Asian demand increases.
1) The document discusses egg production in Quetta District, Balochistan, Pakistan. It provides statistics on the number of layer farms and layers in the district, as well as daily egg production and consumption.
2) There are approximately 25-30 layer farms in Quetta District with a total of 275,000-280,000 layers. The daily egg production is 190,000-200,000 eggs. Daily consumption in the district is 500,000-600,000 eggs so additional eggs are received daily from Karachi.
3) The author concludes by providing suggestions to improve productivity, including adopting new technologies, increasing research and education, improving infrastructure, providing subsidies, and enhancing extension services and guidance to farmers
1) The document discusses egg production in Quetta District, Balochistan, Pakistan. It provides statistics on the number of layer farms and layers in the district, as well as daily egg production and consumption.
2) There are approximately 25-30 layer farms in Quetta District with a total of 275,000-280,000 layers. The daily egg production is 190,000-200,000 eggs. Daily consumption in the district is 500,000-600,000 eggs so additional eggs are received daily from Karachi.
3) The author concludes by providing suggestions to improve productivity in Quetta District's poultry egg production, such as adopting new technologies, increasing production and returns through subsidies, and
1) The document discusses egg production in Quetta District, Balochistan, Pakistan. It provides statistics on the number of layer farms and layers in the district, as well as daily egg production and consumption.
2) There are approximately 25-30 layer farms in Quetta District with a total of 275,000-280,000 layers. The daily egg production is 190,000-200,000 eggs. Daily consumption in the district is 500,000-600,000 eggs so additional eggs are received daily from Karachi.
3) The author concludes with suggestions to improve productivity, including adopting new technologies, providing subsidies, improving infrastructure, and enhancing extension services and research.
Livestock markets and smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa: A reviewILRI
Presentation by Gebremedhin, B. and Hoekstra, D. to the 5th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture and the 18th Annual Meeting of the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), Addis Ababa, October 25-28, 2010.
This document provides details on a proposed 50,000 unit poultry farm layer project in India. It discusses the importance of poultry farming as a source of income and nutrition. It then outlines the scope and potential of the layer farming industry in India. The remainder of the document details the requirements and considerations for setting up the proposed 50,000 unit poultry layer farm, including infrastructure needs, birds, production parameters, feeding, and relevant government schemes and regulations.
Agro processing involves conservation and handling of agricultural produce to make it usable as food, feed, fiber, fuel or raw material. Value addition is the process of changing a raw commodity into a more valuable state. In India, only a small percentage of agricultural produce is processed. There is potential to increase value addition through food processing. Food processing offers opportunities to meet growing consumer demand, improve productivity and utilize technological advances.
Presentation by Dr Sikhalazo Dube from ILRI, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
This document provides a case study of Idara-e-Kissan, a vertically integrated dairy cooperative in Pakistan. It analyzes the economic performance of Idara-e-Kissan members compared to non-members, finding that members had higher net returns, more milk buffaloes, fewer dry buffaloes, and greater use of feed supplements. Members also had better access to veterinary services. However, the cooperative's impact was more modest in areas requiring public goods like livestock breeding and fodder productivity. The analysis suggests cooperatives can improve farmers' livelihoods but there is still an important role for government in supplying public goods like agricultural research.
Small Ruminant Developmental programmes- An overviewDr Pranav Kumar
Small ruminants like sheep and goats make valuable contributions to rural livelihoods in developing countries by providing meat, milk, fiber and skins. However, research and development investments in small ruminant production have not matched their importance. The document discusses the history of small ruminant development programs in India since the 19th century. It outlines breeding strategies and development efforts under various Five-Year Plans. While small ruminants are economically important and well-adapted, productivity remains low due to lack of policy attention and funding compared to other livestock. Focused small ruminant development is needed to improve rural incomes and nutrition."
Role of herbivores in sustainable agriculture in sub-Saharan AfricaILRI
Presented by Augustine Ayantunde, Alan Duncan, Mark van Wijk and Peter Thorne at the 10th International Symposium on the Nutrition of the Herbivores, Clermont-Ferrand, France, 2-6 September 2018
ToR for the policy dialogue relative to the IYFFFatimata Kone
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE POLICY DIALOGUE RELATED TO THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF FAMILY FARMING (IYFF) IN BAMAKO
THEME : BUILDING RESILIENCE TO FEED WEST AFRICA: PROPOSALS FROM FAMILY FARMERS
Chicken dung and fish farming by ivo arrey mbongayaivo arrey
Chicken Dung/manure and Fish Farming
Author: Ivo Arrey Mbongaya
Founder/Director
African Centre for Community and Development.
https://www.youtube.com/user/AfricanCentreforCom
https://www.facebook.com/pages/African-Centre-for-Community-and-Development/103686769685856
This article explores the advantages of integrating fish farming with poultry in order to reap benefits from chicken dung/manure. In this article wastes or chicken feces/poop has been used loosely to include manure made out of chicken poop as well as chicken poop itself. It is based on academic literature and research conducted by African Centre for Community and Development.
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3. Pakistan's livestock sector has a great potential for its development due to its rich
inheritance of different species of animals, domesticated thousands of years ago and
the love for these animals among the people
Its slow development is a cumulative result of decades of neglect and
underinvestment, a weak policy and regulatory framework, production and
productivity problems, marketing issues etc
These problems, plus the fact that it is a secondary activity for farmers, contributed to
low rates of return on investment that consequently fail to attract new investment.
This presentation explains the ground realities about the livestock sector of Pakistan
and suggests a strategy to develop this sector to its full potential
4. Despite its relative decline in formal economy in percentage terms,
agriculture is still dominant sector in overall economic structure
Pakistan’s survival and growth are directly dependent on its
agriculture due to its socio-political interconnectedness and its
economic and financial linkages-backward and forward
Its performance still dictates all our macro indicators - GDP,
Poverty, External Balance, Inflation etc
5. Total area of Pakistan is approximately 80 million hectares out of which about
58 million hectares have been surveyed so far by the Soil Survey of Pakistan
According to them, the area under cultivation is 22 million hectares (38%) out of
which nearly 19 million hectares is irrigated; the rest is rain fed
The area under forest is 4 million hectares (7%) and the balance surveyed area 8
million hectares can be classified as the cultivable waste
Coupled with suitable climate and availability of fairly good water resources,
agriculture has been the major activity for centuries in this part of the world
6. Agriculture sector of Pakistan comprises four sectors - livestock,
crop, forest and fisheries
Livestock contributes 55% of the total agriculture production while
crop sector adds 38% to it out of which the contribution of major
crops is 25% and minor crops is 13%
Fisheries and forestry contribute 2% each
Around 8 million families, consisting of 40 million people are
dependent on farming and allied activities n the rural areas
7. Human Food Source: Animals are very good source of high quality
protein-rich food, essential micronutrients for humans, make food
balanced and nutritious by converting inedible protein found in
forage into humanly digestible form
Animal Feed Source: Poultry manure used for ruminant feeding,
generate algae as a feed for fish. Slaughterhouse wastes, when
processed, make a good source of protein (offal and viscera) and
mineral (bones) supplements in animal feeds.
Saving/investment Source: livestock important means of saving,
capital investment, providing higher return, easily sold when
needed
8. Income/Employment Source: Livestock farming is a labour-intensive
activity for males as well as females. Even feasible to earn side
income for farmers with no land of their own/small land holding.
Draught Energy Source: Most of the animals are used by the
farmers to carryout agricultural operations for pulling agricultural
implements, pumping irrigation water and skidding in forests.
Fuel Energy Source: cow dung is highly valued as fuel for cooking
and heating Biogas production from manure is an excellent
substitute for fossil fuel or fuel wood for farmers in rural areas.
Fertilizer Source :Crop residues more efficiently utilized through
ruminant feeding, including production of organic manure for fields
9. Pakistan has a lot of potential because variety in land and climate provides ample
opportunities for raising of a wide range of small and large animals
Large number of indigenous animals are reared while there is scope for
commercial production of exotic animals. In some animals, Pakistan occupies
prominent world position in terms of production i.e.5th largest producer of milk,
The sector is informal, profit margin is low and land holdings are small which has
diverted investment to other sectors. Lack of financial resources and high
interest rates of financial services available have further retarded its growth
Approximately35 million rural population is engaged in livestock raising and are
deriving 30-40% of their income from this sector which contributes 55% to
agricultural production and 11.2 % of export earnings of the country.
10. Name of animal Number of animals(Millions)
Cattle 37
Buffalo 33
Sheep 28
Goat 63
Poultry 721 Billion
13. Availability of vast barren land for grazing of animals and
cultivated land for their feed
Vast number and variety of large and small animals for meat, milk
and poultry
Extremely favourable terrain and climate for raising of every type
of animals-exotic and indigenous
Centuries of accumulated knowledge about good livestock
practices among the people who love animals
14. Landlessness and small land holding prevents farmers to raise
livestock on commercial basis, mainly subsistence farming
Limited knowledge/facilities for veterinary services in rural areas
Almost for every farmer, livestock farming is a secondary activity
and not the main occupation, thus giving secondary importance
15. Increasing population and rising prosperity is fueling the demand
for animal based food
Growing global/regional demand for high quality Pakistani meat
There is rapidly emerging niche market for Halal food which can
be profitably utilized
Increasing interest of local/foreign investors in food industry
including livestock
16. Reduced areas for natural grazing and feed production in the face of
increasing urbanisation and food security crops requirements
Trans-boundary diseases in the wake of increased imports of exotic
animals for cross breeding
Rising food safety concerns of the developed countries can be a threat
for export of livestock
Wholesale slaughter and smuggling is fast depleting the gene pool of
the livestock in the country
Climate change and environmental degradation
17. How to ensure adequate supply of safe, quality livestock
and dairy products on sustainable basis at affordable
prices to meet their growing demand from a rapidly
increasing and becoming prosperous population in the
backdrop of looming threat of climate change and
environmental degradation
18. We need to formulate a comprehensive livestock policy which should
indicate the broad direction for this sector, create institutions and define
their respective roles, make rules for coordination, set safety standards
and provide an incentive and rewards system for various stake holders
Government’s role should be confined to legislation, policy
development, regulation, capacity building and facilitation, while the
private sector should take the lead in investment and value chain
development on its own or on Public Private Partnership basis
Within the national policy settings, livestock should be developed on the
basis of following five broad objectives;
19. Increase productivity by increasing efficiency in all livestock/dairy
operations
Increase profitability by rationalizing input and output prices and
ensuring fair returns to the farmers
Making livestock/dairy produce competitive in the rapidly
globalizing world
Ensuring sustainability by promoting environment friendly good
livestock practices
Ensuring equitable distribution of gains from enhanced
productivity to all stakeholders
20. Accelerating the national economic growth by increasing the rate of growth of
livestock, an important subsector of the economy
Reducing the unemployment by creating job opportunities
Increasing Pakistan's foreign exchange earnings by increasing quantity, quality and
variety of livestock exports
Ensuring food security and nutritional balance of the people’s food intake by
providing them protein rich livestock products in their food
Helping the state in its poverty alleviation efforts by providing them a labour
intensive, low capital intensive investment
Improving the status of women by providing them opportunities to own resources
21. Research, Development and Extension
Skills Development
Increasing the Production-Milk/Meat
Inputs-genes, vaccines, credit
Marketing and Value Addition
Commercialisation
Mechanisation
Cross cutting issues
22. Our agricultural Research& Development and Extension suffer from many structural
and management weaknesses-low funding, weak coordination and linkages among
research, education and extension, inadequate technical and professional capacities
of the agricultural research institutions, infrastructure etc
Government should introduce need based agriculture education, create effective
inter/intra institutional linkages & collaboration with reputable foreign universities
It should also promote demand driven quality based R&D and extension services by
encouraging public-private partnerships that are linked to livestock value chains
Research and development programs must focus on finding solutions in terms of
increasing productivity, reduce burden of diseases and increase farmers’
profitability.
23. Pakistan is woefully short of skilled manpower at all levels of livestock and dairy
industry- management, supervision and field.
Skill development through in-service training at different R&D institutions can
enhance capabilities of extension staff. Such programs should be initiated in
agriculture universities and research institutes in all provinces
Postgraduate programs in livestock and dairy management should help
providing skilled human resource for the industry.
Skilled labor should be attracted and retained through competitive minimum
wages for the agricultural labor and the development of industry vocational
training programs
24. Pakistan already ranks fifth largest producer of milk in the world despite its being an
informal sector, non commercial operations and low profit margins. This potential can
be doubled in five years by adopting an appropriate strategy.
For this purpose more emphasis should be on productivity increase rather than
increasing the number of animals through indigenous genetic improvement and
import of high milk producing animals
Local and foreign investment should be encouraged and directed towards
modernisation, commercialization ,diversification and value addition through proper
legal and regulatory framework, financial assistance and technical support
Government should concentrate on two core areas-R&D plus Extension and improving
the infrastructure to ease the movement of milk and its products, reduce the costs of
doing business and hence increasing the profitability of this subsector
25. Although Pakistan globally ranks very high in terms of number and quality of meat
animals, its exports ranking in this sector are abysmally low .Being an informal
sector, non commercial operations and low profit margins, its potential has not
been adequately exploited
For this purpose emphasis should be placed on both-productivity increase as well
as increasing the number of animals through indigenous genetic improvement and
import of high meat producing animals
Local and foreign investment should be encouraged and directed towards
modernisation, commercialization ,diversification and value addition through
proper legal and regulatory framework, financial assistance and technical support
Government should concentrate on two core areas-R&D plus Extension and
improving the infrastructure to ease the movement of meat and its products, reduce
the costs of doing business and hence increasing the profitability of this subsector
26. Wholesale slaughtering of animals to meet the growing domestic and export
needs plus unabated smuggling to neighboring countries are threatening the
indigenous species of our cattle, reducing their gene pool resource.
Besides taking policy and programmes measures to preserve our indigenous
genetic pool, variety development and local production of good quality
genetic pool in the private sector be encouraged by providing them
appropriate legal cover and technical and financial support for establishing
partnerships between bio-tech research institutes and private companies
Allowing import of high yielding animals, semen and embryos for
crossbreeding, expansion / improvement and modernization of laboratory
facilities to diagnose and treat livestock diseases are some other measures
to preserve and improve our indigenous stock
27. There are various estimates of animal losses due to non-use of proper
veterinary medicines by the farmers. Fear, Ignorance and costs are the
main reasons for this neglect
Government should popularize the efficient and judicious use of these
medicines for reducing production losses with minimum side effects on
human and animal
It should also ensure timely availability of un-adulterated veterinary
medicines at reasonable prices to doorsteps of the farmers through
rationalisation of prices, in time import and provision of subsidy when
28. Streamlining traditional informal sources of rural credit by
integrating them with formal banking system is the need of the day
Making financial products tailor-made for small livestock farmers
and of micro, small and medium non-farm rural enterprises to
become efficiently linked to agri-based supply chains
Increasing the volume and outreach of formal banking network for
timely and easy access to credit by farming community
29. One biggest handicaps for development of livestock sector is absence of modern marketing
infrastructure on supply/demand side. Establish them on public-private partnership basis
Value addition can increase the sectoral profitability and earn valuable foreign exchange for
the country for which the government has to come forward in a big way.
Encouraging quality consciousness among farmers through awareness campaigns, introducing
and implementing grading standards and improving marketing system of agricultural produce
Making agricultural produce globally competitive by enforcing SPS standards and introducing
international certifications are some of the measures needed for value addition
Another niche market for value addition is the certification of Halal products which are
becoming very popular and their demand is increasing rapidly.
30. ◦ In order to achieve rapid growth in meat and milk production we will have to
convert this sector from a subsistence and side business to commercial and
mainstream activity through its shifting to market oriented enterprises
◦ Not only big commercial farms should be encouraged but small livestock
farmers be also given the same technology package and financial support
◦ Similarly females who normally rear these animals should be encouraged and
facilitated to own these farms on commercial basis
◦ Government should expand animal health service, allow duty free import of
veterinary dairy, and livestock machinery/equipment and also allow import of
feed inputs, vaccines etc at concessional rates
31. Increasing its efficiency through mechanization by encouraging good practices
among farmers, incentivize them to use machines/equipment in operations
Easy access of the farmers to essential livestock and dairy machinery by
facilitating private sector to open farm machinery leasing/hiring outlets in
villages instead of farmers owning these costly equipment themselves
Expansion and modernization of local agricultural machinery manufacturing by
providing them training, incentives and technical/financial support to produce
agricultural and other implements as per international standards
32.
33. Increasing horizontal farming and urbanisation are gradually squeezing
the space traditionally reserved for animal grazing and rearing.
Declining fertility of our agricultural lands due to non sustainable
agricultural practices plus degradation of lands due to water logging &
salinity, a negative side effect of our irrigation practices
Lastly we are misusing our scarce land resources as we are cultivating
crops on lands extremely suitable for horticultural use
Meed for formulating a long term comprehensive land use policy for
rational use of land resources to stop rapid conversion of valuable arable
land for non-farming purposes
34. Agricultural transformation demands restructuring, not merely fine-
tuning, the political economy of the rural areas
Improve the terms of trade between agriculture and the other sectors
of the economy so that the farmers get fair returns for their efforts
Rationalize the prices of the inputs farmers use, provide subsidy on
them and as well as those of commodities they produce
Selective procurement when prices of agricultural commodities crash
introduction of crop/livestock insurance schemes are other methods
to improve the terms of trade of agriculture sector
35. Replace the centuries old production relations of land cultivation in the rural
areas of Pakistan and introduce the three modern forms of farming
Contract farming-encouraging agri-based processors to supply inputs & technology packages to farmers on
deferred payment with buy-back of produce at guaranteed prices
Cooperative farming-facilitating the formation of rural cooperatives to improve the bargaining position of the
stakeholders and ensure their easy access to quality inputs at affordable prices at their doorsteps
Corporate farming-promoting lease of commercially viable tracts of land to corporate level entrepreneurs who are
willing to practice high-tech export oriented agriculture and share profits with the owners
It needs comprehensive legislation about contract making/dispute resolution as
well as their strict implementation through a special institutional infrastructure
36. Rural infrastructure i.e.roads, schools, hospitals and other infrastructure are in
deplorable condition in most of the towns and villages
Adversely affects productivity but also results in increased costs of marketing,
high prices of inputs, reduced quality of rural life, disincentive for investment
No doubt the government has invested a lot in farm to markets roads,
construction of health facilities, schools and also rural electrification.
However there are complaints of substandard workmanship and their fast wear
and tear due to paucity of maintenance funds.
Similarly there are complaints of shortage of staff to man these health and
educational schools.
37. Urgent need to create awareness among farmers about looming threat of climate
change/environmental degradation which will adversely affect agriculture
Popularize sustainable agricultural practices by synchroning extension services of
provincial agricultural departments and marketing outlets of the private agro
services providers to promote environment friendly practices
Government should promulgation legislation for stopping of practices aggravating
the threat of climate change
Allocate resources for research to develop varieties responsive to climate change
and environmental degradation
38. Rural women are under three pressures-nature, society and family, all treat them
unfairly in terms of status, ownership of resources, job opportunities and empowerment
Most important ways to improve their conditions is to improve healthcare and family
planning facilities in the rural areas to relieve them of excessive child bearing burden
Launching of special rural female literacy and education campaign by offering attractive
monetary rewards would help in their empowerment and reduce domestic violence
Ensuring women’s access to resources and assets, including ownership of land by
creating awareness about their rights and strict enforcement of legal framework priority
Providing equitable opportunities to women by developing marketing oriented skills and
remunerative employment in the rural
39. We need to enhance agricultural productivity at micro and macro
level by increasing efficiency in all its operations,
Public as well as private sector investment in R&D, extension
services, rural infrastructure, marketing, value addition etc.
Unfortunately, the flow of investment funds towards agriculture,
which has recently picked up, is still far below the desired levels.
This needs to be increased to make livestock sector more dynamic
40. Thank you for viewing the presentation
If you liked it, can you please download its EBook version for US$
3.46 at the following
URLhttps://www.amazon.com/dp/B010TMK28S
Kindly see the list of my articles available at my website in next few slides
40
41. Pakistan’s Difficulties at the Time of her Independence
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/pakistans-difficulties-at-the-time-of-her-independence/
Why Countries Break? Case of Bangladesh
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/why-countries-break-case-of-bangladesh/
Pakistan’s 13th IMF Programme: Prospects & Challenges
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/pakistans-13th-imf-programme-prospects-challenges/
Federalism in Pakistan: Challenges & Response
https://www.shahidhussainraja.com/federalism-in-pakistan-challengers-response/
Water Issues in Pakistan
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/water-issues-in-pakistan/
Governance Reforms in Pakistan: Need and Content
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/governance-reforms-in-pakistan-need-and-content/
Pakistan’s Strategic Culture: Determinants & Dimensions
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/pakistans-strategic-culture-determinants-dimensions/
42. Pakistani Culture: Sources & Drivers
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/pakistani-culture-sources-drivers/
Improving Pakistan’s Global Image
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/improving-pakistans-global-image/
Two Nations Theory: Myths and Reality
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/two-nations-theory-myths-and-reality/
Why do Civil Service Reforms in Pakistan Fail?
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/why-do-civil-service-reforms-in-pakistan-fail/
Is Pakistan a Failed State?
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/is-pakistan-a-failed-state/
Pakistan Ideology: Sources & Features
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/what-is-pakistan-ideology-myths-and-content/
43. International Relations: Definition, Scope & Subject Matter
(http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/the-scope-of-international-relations/)
Modern Nation-state System: Challenges & Prospects
(http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/modern-nation-state-system-challenges-prospects/)
Foreign Policy: Features, Success Factors & Challenges
(http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/foreign-policy-features-success-factors-challenges/)
Clash of Civilisations by Huntington
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/clash-of-civilizations-a-critique/
Globalization: Compressing Time and Space -Part 1& 2
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/globalization-compressing-time-and-space-part-1/
/http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/globalization-compressing-time-and-space-part-2/
44. Determinants of Foreign Policy
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/determinants-of-foreign-policy/
Foreign Policy: Tools & Implements
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/foreign-policy-tools-instruments/
National Interest: Meaning & Components
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/national-interest-meaning-components/
World Peace: A Norm or an Aberration?
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/world-peace-a-norm-or-an-aberration/
End of History by Francis Fukuyama
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/end-of-history-by-francis-fukuyama-a-critique/
Breakup of Soviet Union: Causes & Consequences
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/breakup-of-the-soviet-union-causes-consequences/
45. Global Terrorism: Challenges & Response – Part 1 & 2
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/global-terrorism-challenges-response/
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/global-terrorism-challenges-response-part-2/
War on Terror: Causes, Course, Costs and Consequences Part 1 & 2
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/war-on-terror-causes-course-costs-and-consequences-part-1/
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/war-on-terror-causes-course-costs-and-consequences-part-2/
Arab Spring: Genesis, Causes of Failure & Lessons Learnt
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/arab-spring-genesis-causes-of-failure-lessons-learnt/
Islamophobia: Genesis, Challenges & Response
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/islamophobia-genesis-challenges-response/
Vietnam War: Causes & Consequences
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/vietnam-war-causes-course-and-consequences/
46. Nine Drivers of Sino-American Cold War
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/9-drivers-of-america-china-cold-war/
IMF Programmes: Do they help Developing Countries?
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/imf-programme-does-it-help-a-developing-country/
American Interests in Afghanistan
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/american-interests-in-afghanistan/
Reasons for Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in 1979
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/why-did-soviet-union-enter-afghanistan-in-1979/
The Middle East Crises: Genesis and Dimensions
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/the-middle-east-crises-genesis-and-dimensions/
China Iran Relations: Past, Present & Future
http://www.shahidhussainraja.com/china-iran-relations-past-present-future/