Though the worst intelligence failure, the USA took maximum advantage of the 9/11 tragedy and embarked on the mission to accomplish the objectives set forth in the infamous neo-con paper, known as the American Century.
America employed all its -military, diplomatic and financial, to wage a war of terror on several countries besides Afghanistan-its starting point.
Whether it was a stellar success or a dismal failure, it has cost the world massively in terms of loss of human lives, financial losses, refugees crises, missed opportunities, and surprisingly, increased global terrorism
This presentation covers all these issues in greater detail
intro duction of freign policy of pakistan,foreign policy of pakistan with u.s.a,foreign policy of pakistan with china,foreign policy of pakistan with russia,foreign policy of pakistan with central asian countries..
Terrorism in the present time one of biggest problem across the globe. Some state directly or indirectly support the terrorist organisation. In this ppt we discuss reason, type, leading activities of terrorist organisation. This will be helpful for those person who wants to detail knowledge about the terrorist.
intro duction of freign policy of pakistan,foreign policy of pakistan with u.s.a,foreign policy of pakistan with china,foreign policy of pakistan with russia,foreign policy of pakistan with central asian countries..
Terrorism in the present time one of biggest problem across the globe. Some state directly or indirectly support the terrorist organisation. In this ppt we discuss reason, type, leading activities of terrorist organisation. This will be helpful for those person who wants to detail knowledge about the terrorist.
Its detailed presentation on the topic"TERRORISM".
Spacialy helpful for Pakistani students because it have a detailed information about terrorism in Pakistan
Its updated in december 2016 and have detail till 2015
Foreign policy of Pakistan in era of bilateralism 1962-1979Shabbir Hussain
Foreign policy of Pakistan in era of bilateralism 1962-1979
1-Defination Of Foreign Policy
2-Transition Phase (1962-1970)
3-Fall Of Dhaka (1970)
4-Bilateralism And Non-Alignment (1972-1979)
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens. For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies.
Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
Multiple constants & variables determine the foreign policy of a country; This presentation attempts to explain those determinants
Its word version is available on my website mentioned above. You will find many other articles and presentations there
This was one of my most recent powerpoint presentation. I worked in a small group with 2 other partners. The presentation lasted 1 hour followed by a group discussion.
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens-security of life & property, the standard of living, political empowerment
For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies. Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
This presentation is an attempt to explain how the foreign policy of Pakistan is shaped, history, successes & failures, as well as challenges
Before going further, you are advised to read Part 1 of this series for acquainting yourself with theoretical aspects of foreign policy
This is a slide-set that I had used for a workshop conducted by the Indian School of Business on the Indo-Pacific on July 30, 2021.
It discusses the evolution of the US Indo-Pacific strategy and China's perceptions and policy responses.
This document discusses the Foreign policy of Pakistan in detail along with its constituents. Attention is given to the challenges faced by policy makers and the prospects of our policy.
National security is a state or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are permanently protected and continuously enhanced
Terrorism-historical as well as a universal phenomenon; few countries can claim not to have been affected by this menace which is rising
Has been practised by every type of organisation, religious or non-religious, right-wing or left-wing. Muslims, Christians, Jews, Hindus
Consequently, the reasons for the terrorist activity and the identity of its perpetrators are always subject to context, time, and place.
This presentation attempts to analyse global terrorism from its historical perspective, identify causes, and presents a plan of action to curb it
A VIEW FROM THE CT FOXHOLE Richard WaltonAn interview w.docxbartholomeocoombs
A VIEW FROM THE CT FOXHOLE:
Richard Walton
An interview with the head of Counter Terrorism
Command at the London Metropolitan Police
FEATURE COMMENTARY
The Threat in
2016
daniel benjamin and steven simon
Combating Terrorism Center at West Point
Objective • Relevant • Rigorous | January 2016 • Volume 9, Issue 1
v
Editor in Chief
Paul Cruickshank
Managing Editor
John Watling
EDITORIAL BOARD
Colonel Cindy R. Jebb, Ph.D.
Department Head
Dept. of Social Sciences (West Point)
Colonel Suzanne Nielsen, Ph.D.
Deputy Department Head
Dept. of Social Sciences (West Point)
Lieutenant Colonel Bryan Price, Ph.D.
Director, CTC
Brian Dodwell
Deputy Director, CTC
CONTACT
Combating Terrorism Center
U.S. Military Academy
607 Cullum Road, Lincoln Hall
West Point, NY 10996
Phone: (845) 938-8495
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.ctc.usma.edu/sentinel/
SUPPORT
The Combating Terrorism Center
would like to express its gratitude
to its financial supporters, for without
their support and shared vision
of the Center products like the
CTC Sentinel could not be produced.
If you are interested in learning
more about how to support the Combating
Terrorism Center, please visit http://www.
ctc.usma.edu or call Allison Barry at West
Point’s Association of Graduates at
845-446-1561.
SUBMISSIONS
The CTC Sentinel welcomes submissions.
Please contact us at [email protected]
The views expressed in this report are
those of the authors and not of the U.S.
Military Academy, the Department of the
Army, or any other agency of the U.S.
Government.
Cover: German police guard the Munich
railway station during the New Year’s Eve
terror alert. GETTY
FEATURE COMMENTARY
1 The Global Terror Threat in 2016: A Forecast
daniel benjamin and steven simon
INTERVIEW
5 A View from the CT Foxhole: An Interview with Richard Walton, Head,
Counter Terrorism Command, London Metropolitan Police
paul cruickshank
ANALYSIS
10 Hezbollah’s Calculus after the Iran Nuclear Deal
magnus ranstorp
14 Al-Qa`ida and the Islamic State Benefit as Yemen War Drags On
gregory johnsen
18 The Islamic State and WMD: Assessing the Future Threat
stephen hummel
22 The Hotel Attacks and Militant Realignment in the Sahara-Sahel
Region
andrew lebovich
BRIEFINGS
29 The Jakarta Attack and the Islamic State Threat to Indonesia
kirsten e. schulze
Our first issue of the year forecasts how the global terrorist threat may
evolve in 2016. Two months on from the Paris attacks and with deadly
attacks already perpetrated in Istanbul, Jakarta, and Ouagadougou,
there are storm clouds overhead. In our cover story Daniel Benjamin
and Steven Simon predict that continued progress in the campaign against the Islamic State in
Iraq and Syria could see the group double down in 2016 with increased attacks in Europe, Russia,
and Turkey as well as possibly Lebanon and Jordan. But they assess that an .
Its detailed presentation on the topic"TERRORISM".
Spacialy helpful for Pakistani students because it have a detailed information about terrorism in Pakistan
Its updated in december 2016 and have detail till 2015
Foreign policy of Pakistan in era of bilateralism 1962-1979Shabbir Hussain
Foreign policy of Pakistan in era of bilateralism 1962-1979
1-Defination Of Foreign Policy
2-Transition Phase (1962-1970)
3-Fall Of Dhaka (1970)
4-Bilateralism And Non-Alignment (1972-1979)
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens. For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies.
Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
Multiple constants & variables determine the foreign policy of a country; This presentation attempts to explain those determinants
Its word version is available on my website mentioned above. You will find many other articles and presentations there
This was one of my most recent powerpoint presentation. I worked in a small group with 2 other partners. The presentation lasted 1 hour followed by a group discussion.
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens-security of life & property, the standard of living, political empowerment
For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies. Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
This presentation is an attempt to explain how the foreign policy of Pakistan is shaped, history, successes & failures, as well as challenges
Before going further, you are advised to read Part 1 of this series for acquainting yourself with theoretical aspects of foreign policy
This is a slide-set that I had used for a workshop conducted by the Indian School of Business on the Indo-Pacific on July 30, 2021.
It discusses the evolution of the US Indo-Pacific strategy and China's perceptions and policy responses.
This document discusses the Foreign policy of Pakistan in detail along with its constituents. Attention is given to the challenges faced by policy makers and the prospects of our policy.
National security is a state or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are permanently protected and continuously enhanced
Terrorism-historical as well as a universal phenomenon; few countries can claim not to have been affected by this menace which is rising
Has been practised by every type of organisation, religious or non-religious, right-wing or left-wing. Muslims, Christians, Jews, Hindus
Consequently, the reasons for the terrorist activity and the identity of its perpetrators are always subject to context, time, and place.
This presentation attempts to analyse global terrorism from its historical perspective, identify causes, and presents a plan of action to curb it
A VIEW FROM THE CT FOXHOLE Richard WaltonAn interview w.docxbartholomeocoombs
A VIEW FROM THE CT FOXHOLE:
Richard Walton
An interview with the head of Counter Terrorism
Command at the London Metropolitan Police
FEATURE COMMENTARY
The Threat in
2016
daniel benjamin and steven simon
Combating Terrorism Center at West Point
Objective • Relevant • Rigorous | January 2016 • Volume 9, Issue 1
v
Editor in Chief
Paul Cruickshank
Managing Editor
John Watling
EDITORIAL BOARD
Colonel Cindy R. Jebb, Ph.D.
Department Head
Dept. of Social Sciences (West Point)
Colonel Suzanne Nielsen, Ph.D.
Deputy Department Head
Dept. of Social Sciences (West Point)
Lieutenant Colonel Bryan Price, Ph.D.
Director, CTC
Brian Dodwell
Deputy Director, CTC
CONTACT
Combating Terrorism Center
U.S. Military Academy
607 Cullum Road, Lincoln Hall
West Point, NY 10996
Phone: (845) 938-8495
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.ctc.usma.edu/sentinel/
SUPPORT
The Combating Terrorism Center
would like to express its gratitude
to its financial supporters, for without
their support and shared vision
of the Center products like the
CTC Sentinel could not be produced.
If you are interested in learning
more about how to support the Combating
Terrorism Center, please visit http://www.
ctc.usma.edu or call Allison Barry at West
Point’s Association of Graduates at
845-446-1561.
SUBMISSIONS
The CTC Sentinel welcomes submissions.
Please contact us at [email protected]
The views expressed in this report are
those of the authors and not of the U.S.
Military Academy, the Department of the
Army, or any other agency of the U.S.
Government.
Cover: German police guard the Munich
railway station during the New Year’s Eve
terror alert. GETTY
FEATURE COMMENTARY
1 The Global Terror Threat in 2016: A Forecast
daniel benjamin and steven simon
INTERVIEW
5 A View from the CT Foxhole: An Interview with Richard Walton, Head,
Counter Terrorism Command, London Metropolitan Police
paul cruickshank
ANALYSIS
10 Hezbollah’s Calculus after the Iran Nuclear Deal
magnus ranstorp
14 Al-Qa`ida and the Islamic State Benefit as Yemen War Drags On
gregory johnsen
18 The Islamic State and WMD: Assessing the Future Threat
stephen hummel
22 The Hotel Attacks and Militant Realignment in the Sahara-Sahel
Region
andrew lebovich
BRIEFINGS
29 The Jakarta Attack and the Islamic State Threat to Indonesia
kirsten e. schulze
Our first issue of the year forecasts how the global terrorist threat may
evolve in 2016. Two months on from the Paris attacks and with deadly
attacks already perpetrated in Istanbul, Jakarta, and Ouagadougou,
there are storm clouds overhead. In our cover story Daniel Benjamin
and Steven Simon predict that continued progress in the campaign against the Islamic State in
Iraq and Syria could see the group double down in 2016 with increased attacks in Europe, Russia,
and Turkey as well as possibly Lebanon and Jordan. But they assess that an .
Chapter 5 Global TerrorismNONSTATE ADVERSARIES, FUNDAMENTALIST.docxbissacr
Chapter 5 Global Terrorism
NONSTATE ADVERSARIES, FUNDAMENTALIST RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM, AND WEAPONS ARE THREE FORCES OF GLOBAL TERRORISM, ALL REPRESENTED BY TALIBAN FIGHTERS IN AFGHANISTAN.
Learning Objectives
1. 5.1Recognize that terrorism is a contentious issue that becomes hopelessly muddled by political and military considerations
2. 5.2Review the factors that are conducive to terrorism
3. 5.3Identify the goals, strategies, and weapons of terrorism
4. 5.4Identify the sources of funds that are used for financing terrorism
5. 5.5Review how terrorism adversely affects individuals, nations, and other groups
6. 5.6Summarize five kinds of terrorism
7. 5.7Examine the different ways of combating terrorism
8. 5.8Analyze the fundamental question about the balance between fighting terrorism and protecting democracy within the United States
The Boston Marathon bombing in April 2013 and the grisly murder of an off-duty British soldier in public in London in May 2013 that was filmed on mobile phones as the terrorist waited for police demonstrate a further shift away from centralized terrorist organizations to lone wolf terrorism. This kind of terrorism is conducted by self-motivated independent individuals. The attacks in Boston and London show how difficult it is to prevent lone wolf terrorism.
Successful U.S. counterterrorism measures against al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and in Pakistan, combined with failed democratic transitions in the Middle East and North Africa, have contributed to the shift of global terrorism to Africa. Domestic terrorist groups such as Boko Haram, which means “Western education is sacrilege,” in northern Nigeria, collaborate with al-Qaeda. The Syrian civil war, chaos in Iraq following the U.S. withdrawal, and the disintegration of law and order in Libya have strengthened terrorism, most notably the group called the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), which claimed credit for the November 13, 2015 terrorist massacre in Paris.
The growing use of armed drones for targeted killings of suspected terrorists in Yemen, Pakistan, Somalia, Niger, and elsewhere raises many controversial issues. Drones are effective weapons against terrorists. Even though they kill fewer civilians than alternative methods, the loss of innocent civilian lives undermines their use.
Edward Snowden’s leaking of documents showing extensive spying on Americans as well as people and governments around the world by the National Security Agency (NSA) as part of America’s counterterrorism strategy raised global concerns about the basic right to privacy. It also has far-reaching consequences for U.S. security and foreign policy.
Osama bin Laden, widely viewed as the embodiment of global terrorism, was killed by U.S. Special Forces on May 1, 2011, in Pakistan. Despite this significant development, the war on terrorism continues. Think about how the escalation of global terrorism affects our daily lives. This global problem is now virtually inseparable from pe.
The difference between natural and man-made disasters is the element of human intent or negligence that leads to human suffering and environmental damage; many mirror natural disasters, yet man has a direct hand in their occurrence.Another man-made disaster that seems to be happening more frequently is explosions. One of the most stunningly visual ones was in Puerto Rico in 2009. It was so intense, it even set off a natural disaster - an earthquake. The actual explosion was caused by a large gasoline tank at the Caribbean Petroleum Corporation oil refinery and oil depot. The smoke plume reached as high as 30,000 feet.
A disastrous event caused directly and principally by one or more identifiable deliberate or negligent human actions. Also called human-made disaster. Compare with natural disaster.
Another man-made disaster that seems to be happening more frequently is explosions. One of the most stunningly visual ones was in Puerto Rico in 2009. It was so intense, it even set off a natural disaster - an earthquake. The actual explosion was caused by a large gasoline tank at the Caribbean Petroleum Corporation oil refinery and oil depot. The smoke plume reached as high as 30,000 feet.
Terrorism : A Global Issue Essay
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Similar to America's War on Terror: Causes & Consequences (9)
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2. Introduction
Background
Aims and Objectives of War on Terror
Views on War on Terror
Dimensions of the War on Terror
War on Terror; Stellar Success or Dismal Failure?
Causes of American Failure in WOT
Costs of War on Terror
Consequences of War on Terror
Conclusion
3. Though the worst intelligence failure, USA took maximum advantage of
9/11 tragedy and embarked on the mission to accomplish the objectives
set forth in the infamous neo-con paper, known as the American
Century.
America employed all its -military, diplomatic and financial, to wage a
war of terror on several countries besides Afghanistan-its starting point.
Whether it was a stellar success or a dismal failure, it has cost the world
massively in terms of loss of human lives, financial losses, refugees
crises, missed opportunities and surprisingly, increased global terrorism
This presentation covers all these issues in greater detail
4. Generic name of global military, political, legal & conceptual struggle
against terrorist organizations/regimes accused of supporting them.
War on Terror started after 9/11 terrorist attacks inside the USA,
It officially finished when Osama was killed on 2nd May 2011.
However, Barak Obama announced its official termination in 2013
He then directed the American security establishment to focus on
specific enemies as a series of persistent, targeted efforts to
dismantle specific networks of violent extremists
5. War on Terror was launched to dismantle the terrorist network of Al
Qaida after they carried out a series of terrorist acts against US
interests. Bush administration defined the following objectives
1. Identify, locate, defeat and demolish terrorists organizations
2. Deny sponsorship, support and sanctuary to terrorists
3. Strengthen international effort to combat terrorism by force or by
capacity building of states facing terrorism and diminish the
underlying conditions that terrorists seek to exploit
4. Ensure the integrity, reliability, and availability of critical, physical,
and information-based infrastructures at home and abroad
6. There are three views on War on Terror
◦ American state version: Just war to eliminate the sources of global
terrorism, carried out with cooperation of all countries
◦ Opponents’ views: 9/11 was just a hoax; or if did happen, then, it was
an inside job conducted by the CIA and Mossad to establish some
casus belli for implementing the Neo-Con agenda
◦ Skeptics’ reservations. 9/11 may or may not be an inside job but the
military-industrial complex used it brilliantly to advance their agenda
7. Military Dimension: started with invasion of Afghanistan but
expanded to Iraq and covert operations in Libya, Syria and Yemen.
Now, no less than 76 countries involved in that global conflict
Diplomatic Dimension: augmenting old alliances, expanding its
military spending, intelligence capabilities, expanded cooperation
with foreign intelligence agencies
Domestic Dimension: new anti terrorism legislation, new security
institutions, the preventive detainment of thousands of suspects;
surveillance and intelligence-gathering programs,
8. To the enthusiasts, it is stellar success for following
reasons
◦ ensuring security of the mainland USA
◦ dislodging the Taliban government which was accused of
harbouring the terrorists, particularly Osama bin Laden
◦ dismantled Al Qaida and uprooted their safe havens.
◦ arrest of hundreds of terrorist suspects around the world,
◦ increased global cooperation in global counter terrorism efforts
◦ crowning success-killed its master-mind, OBL in 2011
9. However, to its opponents and critics, all the successes claimed are of
tactical nature and not of much significance in strategic sense.
To them, there is no clear victory, rather USA is seen to be fighting an
endless war creating more terrorists than it has killed so far.
To them the costs incurred in terms of human losses, financial
burden and infrastructural damage outweigh the gains
Similarly, they argue, the unintended consequences of the War on
Terror are far more than the goals intended and achieved.
10. Failure to understand Nature of War: equating a counter-terrorism/
insurgency war with fighting a conventional war, ignoring terrain,
tactics, logistics and public support advantages enjoyed by enemy
Gung-ho Operation: carried it out without any proper planning and
effective strategy to cope once the initial objectives were achieved
Half- hearted Attempts: far more troops and finances were required.
Troop levels in Afghanistan never approached that level. Instead,
those battle-hardened troops were sent to Iraq in 2003
11. Post-operation Blunders: After the fall of Taliban government, USA
installed an overwhelmingly non-Pashtun government
Inefficient and Corrupt Government: Afghan government could not
deliver security or delivery of basic services. Rampant corruption has
made the situation even worse
Public Support for Taliban: Pashtun people are supporting the Taliban
not only out of fear but also for being more trustworthy as compared
to the present regime.
12. Active Support of Russia: Now it is Russia’s turn to avenge their
defeat in Afghanistan, so giving maximum support to the Taliban,
Active Support of Iran: Initially Iran was deadly against the Taliban but
now actively supporting Taleban for its own geopolitical objectives.
Support of Pakistan: Taliban using Pakistan’s space for multiple
purposes-recruiting volunteers, collecting finances, taking refuge
American Announcement to Withdraw: By Obama to withdraw,
invitation to Taliban for negotiations increased Taliban morale
13. Human Losses: About 500,000 people have died violently in Pakistan,
Iraq and Afghanistan. It does not include all people who have died
indirectly as a result of war,
Human Development Loss: Civil wars permanently reduce per capita
GDP of a country by about 10 to 15%.-Collier(2003)
Financial Losses: damages to infrastructure in six Syrian cities at $7.2
billion at 2007 prices, or $41 billion at current prices.
14. Human Development Loss: difficult to estimate. Millions of children
out of schools; lack of medical facilities, trauma.diseases
Internally Displaced Persons and Refugees: Pakistan accommodating
nearly 2 million Afghan refugees, Iran one million. Similar in Syria;
Human Rights Violations: Committed by all warring parties: blocked
access of humanitarian convoys, food, cut off water supplies
Loss of Cultural Heritage: Wanton destruction of the cultural heritage
of Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan-all ancieny civilisations
15. Spread of Terrorism: Scattered the al-Qaeda network, making it even
harder to counteract, also increased anti-Americanism among the
world’s Muslims, making recruitment of militants easy
Emergence of Multi-polar World: God-send opportunity for the emerging
China and a re-surging Russia to change the global balance of power. It
pushed several countries towards Russian-Chinese nexus
Decline of USA as Super Power: Several reasons for downfall of USA,
however, its misadventures in the name of War on Terror will be counted
as most prominent reasons for this downfall
16. Increased Sectarian Threats: centuries old shia-sunni conflict has
increased in intensity by design as well as by default.
Spreading Crime Wave: Resultant economic downturn caused by
conflict and sanctions led to increase in gun running, money
laundering, committing bank robberies, mercenaries used to settle
personal scores
Spillover Effects: Arrival of war refugees in Europe leading to
xenophobic sentiments, rise of far right in several European
countries, weapons proliferation and arms race, return of footloose
Jihadists
17. No doubt the War on Terrorism succeeded in its stated objectives of
dislodging of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan
Similarly, it initially succeeded in dismantling of terrorist networks
and forced them to seek refuge in the mountains
However, due to its incompetency handling the post-Taliban
Afghanistan, it got itself embroiled in a war which beyond the stated
objectives of the War on Terror
There are no signs of any clear US victory; it is fighting losing battle
in Afghanistan, losing it for the same reasons it lost in Vietnam
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This website contains large number of articles on diverse issues. Some
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