Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that affects multiple body systems. It is caused by exposure to an allergen that is absorbed systemically such as foods or medications. The allergen activates mast cells to release histamine and other mediators, causing symptoms like low blood pressure, breathing difficulties, skin rashes, and more. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and exposure history. Treatment involves epinephrine injection, antihistamines, oxygen, IV fluids, and monitoring for complications like shock. Prevention relies on allergen avoidance and carrying epinephrine auto-injectors. First aid focuses on limiting the reaction and stabilizing the patient.
an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive.,an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive.
an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive.,an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive.
To watch my animated viedo on YouTube visit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVHDGWfQhSU
To download my animated presentation visit:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/bbtayufrn1clnvh/Anaphylaxis.pptx
To watch my animated viedo on YouTube visit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVHDGWfQhSU
To download my animated presentation visit:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/bbtayufrn1clnvh/Anaphylaxis.pptx
Anaphylaxis lecture uihc pulm_grand_round_11_4_2016 Sangil Lee
This is a lecture given to pulm/critical care grand round on 11/4/2016. The lecture content is relevant for clinical practice for first half and some of translational science (research) for second half.
This slide aims to inform readers about the characteristics of anaphylaxis, a highly serious type of allergy attack. It also gives a few tips on how to handle this disorder in an emergency.
This is a presentation on anaphylaxis by Michael Rose. Michael is an anaesthetist in Sydney and a leading expert in the world of anaphylaxis. He talks about the basics and recent developments in this field - an area of critical care relevant to us all.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
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NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
3. Terminology
• IgE-based antibody
Responses are common physiologically in
parasitic infections.
• Atopic individual
Genetic in an individual which is predisposition
to suffer from allergies. They produce IgE
responses against a number of non-parasitic
antigens that induce either no antibody
response or antibody response of a different
isotype.
4. Terminology
Beta-blockers (beta-adrenergic blocking antagonist)
are drugs that treat several conditions:
• Hypertension
• Angina
• Some abnormal heart rhythms
• Myocardial infarction
• Anxiety
• Migraine
• Glaucoma
6. Anaphylaxis
O Ana (without), phylaxis (protection).
O A serious acute allergic reaction that cause
systemic effects and may cause death. (Type
I Hypersensitivity)
O Allergen must be systemically absorbed
(Ingestion or injection) to cause Anaphylaxis
7. Etiology
Causes of anaphylaxis in a study of 266 patients
(Data from Kemp et al)
Food
2%
7%
Idiopathic
34%
20%
37%
Drugs
Exercise
Latex, hormons,
insect bites
13. Summary
These reaction can affect single tissue or organ
(Eczema, asthma and hay fever)
- Or multiple ones (anaphylaxis) depending on the
re-exposure of allergen.
Note: This process normally mediated by IgG or immune complex
18. Signs & Symptoms
Nose & mouth
Sneezing
runny nose
swelling of the tongue
nasal congestion
metallic taste
19. Signs & Symptoms
Lungs and throat
Difficulty breathing
coughing
chest tightness
wheezing or other
sounds
increased mucus
production
throat swelling or itching
change in voice
or a sensation of choking
20. Signs & Symptoms
Heart and circulation
Dizziness
weakness
rapid, slow, or irregular
heart rate
fainting
low blood pressure
24. Risk factor
• History of anaphylaxis, atopy, or asthma. (Some
not)
• Food allergy
• Repeated latex exposure
• β-blocker use may limit the effectiveness of
epinephrine, resulting in protracted anaphylaxis
and severe hypotension
27. Diagnosis
Diagnosis based on:
• Clinical presentation:
Involvement of any two or more body systems is
observed
• History of exposure to a possible triggers
laboratory tests.
28. Diagnostic test
• ECG to eliminate other causes of chest pain.
• Radiographs for chest and neck considering an alternate
diagnosis of epiglottitis or other acute respiratory condition
29. Diagnostic test
• Serum tryptase released along with histamine can be
measureable.
• Serum electrolytes
• CBC
• Clotting studies
• Prick test
exclude electrolyte
disturbances or bleeding that
is causing hypovolemia
30. Treatment and management
• Aim:
1. Full resolution of all associated symptoms.
2. Saving the patient's life in serious reactions
3. Prevention of further anaphylactic reactions.
31. Treatment and management
First linetherapy
Second-line therapy
counteract
treat hypotension
persistent
bronchospasm
Epinephrine
H1 Diphenhydramine
O2
Trendeleburg
Administration position
Supplemental H2 Cimetidine and
O2
ranitidine
Albuterol
IV adminstration
IV fluids
Methylprednis
olone
Glucagon for patient
taking Beta blockers
Corticosteriods
32. Treatment and management
1- Epinephrine
- ANTAGONIST
increase BP and
Bradycardia to
counter shock
- Inhibit further
mast cell
degranulation
2- Antihistamine 3to reduce
inflammation of
your air passages
and improve
breathing
O2
to help
compensate for
restricted
breathing
4- Albuterol
to relieve breathing
symptoms
33. Treatment and management
Epinephrine
Action speed When is it
used?
Dose
Intramuscular
Has rapid
onset action
Severe,
Anterolateral
of the middle
thigh
6< 0.15 mL
6-12 0.3mL
12< 0,5 mL
Intravenous
Has rapid
onset action
Severe,
should be
carefully
monitored
Slow
intravenous
injection
34. Prevention
• Allergen avoidance is the best preventive measure.
1- Diet
2-Physical activity
3- Carry auto-injector
4-Environment
5-Medication
6-Immunization
*Education is recommended about how to deal with this disease.
35. First aid
• Aim:
1. limiting allergic response.
2. decreasing the severity of the symptoms.
36. First aid
Place patient in
Trendelenburg position.
Establish and maintain
airway.
Give oxygen via nasal
cannula as needed.
Place a tourniquet
above the reaction site.
Epinephrine at the site
of antigen injection.
Start IV to rise BP.
37. Refernces
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Abbas: Basic immunology
BNF – 2013
Clincalkey.com
Kumar and Clarks Clinical Medicine
MDCONSULT.COM
AUSTRALIAN RESUSCITATION COUNCIL
http://www.resus.org.au/policy/guidelines/section_9/anaphyl
axis_first_aid_management.htm
Editor's Notes
which histamines are produced following exposure to the allergen
Allergn:type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.
Downstream activation of phospholipase A2, followed by cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases, produces arachidonic acid metabolites, including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor.
Rhinitis: irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. hoarseness:disorders of the voice: an impairment in the ability to produce voice sounds using the vocal organs Stridor:high-pitched musical sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway. Stridor is a physical sign which is caused by a narrowed or obstructed airway. Angioedema: rapid swellin(edema) of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue,[1] mucosa and submucosal tissues. It is very similar to urticaria, but urticaria, commonly known as hives, occurs in the upper dermis.Hypotension due to vascular dilationAirway obstruction due to laryngeal edema
(e.g., some combination of cutaneous, respiratory, GI, or cardiovascular systems)
- Large volumes of intravenous fluids may be required due to marked peripheral vasodilationAlbuterol: is indicated for bronchospasm refractory to epinephrineDiphenhydramine: Life-threatening instances of anaphylaxis must be managed using other methods (eg, subcutaneous or intravenous epinephrine)H2 antagonists are indicated for persistent anaphylaxisCorticosteroids are indicated for the prevention of prolonged or recurrent symptomsGlucagon is indicated for epinephrine-resistant anaphylaxis in patients taking β-blockers
Diet:Identify food allergies and avoid the causative foodIn case of accidental exposure, seek medical attention immediatelyPhysical activity:In cases of exercise-induced anaphylaxis, stop exercising as soon as symptoms occurAvoid exercise for 4 to 6 hours after eatingSexual behavior:Rare cases of anaphylaxis from semen have been reportedCondoms should be used to avoid contact with semen if this is a cause of anaphylaxis. Patients who are latex-sensitive should avoid condoms made of latexEnvironment:Avoid areas where Hymenoptera species are presentWear protective clothing such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, socks, shoes, and hats when exposure cannot be avoided, and avoid wearing bright colors when going outsideLatex-induced anaphylaxis should be identified, and all contact with latex products should be avoidedMedication history:Patients at risk for anaphylaxis should not take β-blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, or tricyclic antidepressants. All of these interfere with drug treatment or the body's ability to respond to anaphylaxisImmunization:Desensitization may be possible with some known allergensOther:Avoid known family allergens; some are known to have a genetic basis, although this is a rare occurrence
